Acidity Modification of ZSM-5 for Methane Conversion in Co-feeding Method with MTA Reaction

Acidity plays a vital role in methane conversion by co-feeding method, which is one of the best strategies to improve the utilization and gentle the reaction conditions of methane. In this work, Zn, Ni, Mo, La, Ga, Fe and Co-impregnated ZSM-5 zeolites have been prepared with the same substitutions to variate the acidities and tested in co-aromatization of methanol with methane. It is demonstrated that the new medium-strong acid sites formed by metal and strong acid sites are the key role to activate methane in co-reaction. Zn-modified ZSM-5 catalyst is preferred to exhibit the best methane conversion of 12%, whose aromatic selectivity increases from 27.2% to 52.2% compared with that of HZSM-5. Besides, the addition of methane further improves the production of high-valued aromatics compared with methanol to aromatics (MTA) reaction.     

静止轨道星载差分吸收光谱仪CCD成像系统设计

静止轨道卫星差分吸收光谱仪采用摆扫成像方式对大气进行探测,针对其工作时CCD成像系统信噪比大于1 000、高速探测模式下探测周期小于10min、高分辨率模式下探测周期小于1h的要求,进行CCD成像系统设计.选取CCD47-20作为探测器,设计成像电路实现光谱图像信号的采集和上传.分析了帧叠加和像元合并对时间、空间分辨率的影响.结合帧转移CCD的特点设计了每个位置最后一帧读出时摆镜转动的成像方式,并合理设置了帧叠加数和像元合并数,达到优化成像周期的目的.1s曝光时间条件下,该CCD成像系统的高速、高分辨率模式探测周期分别为515s和3 315s,图像信噪比均大于1 000,污染物观测实验中未出现失帧或重复的现象.该CCD成像系统方案满足静止轨道星载差分吸收光谱仪的探测需求,为静止轨道环境监测仪器设计提供参考.     

弹性蛋白酶生物催化酯水解的综合实验设计*

酯的水解是有机化学实验教学中的一个重要化学反应,传统的酯水解实验设计是利用酸性或碱性环境在加热的条件下进行水解,而本实验设计将酯水解与生物催化相结合,利用弹性蛋白酶的水解功能,在常温及中性环境下实现对4-三氟甲基-7-丙酰氧基香豆素的水解。该实验设计创新性地将酯水解和酶催化相结合,有利于拓展学生的知识面,培养化学生物学复合型人才。同时,生物催化反应具有反应温和、环境友好等特点,符合当代绿色化学的需求。     

以尿素为氮源合成AlN粉体过程中非晶碳的石墨化

针对有机合成过程中碳及碳化物的残余,传统方法中普遍使用除碳的工艺,而很少有文章针对非晶碳的结构和形貌进行表征。为此,本文采用高尿素含量的前驱盐体系,通过在氮气保护气氛中煅烧获得AlN粉体。采用X射线衍射分析、红外和拉曼光谱分析、扫描电子显微镜和透射电子显微镜对850~1 500 ℃温度范围内煅烧获得产物的结构和形貌进行表征,对AlN合成过程中含碳产物结构形貌的变化,以及AlN和含碳产物之间相互的依存生长关系进行分析。结果表明,AlN生长的过程中伴随着无定形碳的石墨化转变,AlN颗粒的形貌也受含碳残余产物形貌的影响而出现有规律的变化。     

不同权的Bloch型空间之间的加权复合算子再刻画

本文研究了单位圆中从空间β_L到β_α的加权复合算子uC_φ为有界算子和紧算子的条件.利用阶估计等方法,获得了有界性和紧性的简捷充要条件,推广了叶善力的相应结果.     

NA随机变量阵列的完全矩收敛性

利用NA随机变量的矩不等式和截尾方法,研究了NA随机变量阵列的完全矩收敛性,给出了证明NA随机变量阵列完全矩收敛性的一些充分条件.所得结果推广了已有文献关于NA随机变量的相应结果.     

基于QSAR对偶氮染料光响应性及降解路径研究

采用密度泛函理论方法计算偶氮染料类化合物的量子化学参数,研究该类化合物结构与光响应活性的定量构效关系(QSAR),应用多元回归方法建立的方程具有显著统计学意义,并结合紫外光谱结果进行降解过程预测。结果表明:光催化体系中会最先造成偶氮染料的N=N键与萘环的断开,然后再生成其他副产物,副产物再经过电子转移、开环等一系列反应,生成苯环与羧酸类物质等小分子物质,最后被矿化为CO₂和H₂O。偶氮染料分子结构中苯环或萘环所连接的官能团会优先于苯环本身被降解,其结构对光催化脱色性能影响大小的顺序为:分子中的碳原子数>偶氮键数目>磺酸基数目。而染料分子描述符中影响HLG的顺序为:(MW/S)>(I/O)>n(AR)>n(N=N)。     

Preparation and Properties of Electrospun Sheath-core Modified-PMMA Nanofibers with Photoluminescence and Photochromic Functions

Multi-functional nanofibers are playing an important role in the optical field, and are widely used in fluorescence indication, product anti-counterfeit identification and smart clothing. Nanofibers with photoluminescence and photochromic functions are already attracting more interest from researchers. In this work, based on electrospun technology, the modified-PMMA nanofibers[PMMA=poly(methyl methacrylate)] with photoluminescence and photochromic functions were prepared through the design of the sheath-core structure(SCNFs 1-4). Compared with other samples, SCNF-4 shows outstanding photoluminescence and photochromic functions. SCNF-4 can produce green light and its fluorescence intensity and fluorescence lifetime can reach 7144 a.u. and 1031.32 μs, respectively. In photochromic functions, SCNF-4 can show purple in 1 min under the 365 nm ultraviolet light, and the color can be preserved for more than 4 h under the sunlight. When SCNF-4 is irradiated by far infrared light, the color of the samples can fade quickly in 40 s. Under the irradiation of ultraviolet light of different wavelengths, SCNF-4 can display multi-color fluorescence and achieve a reversible transition between white and purple. The design of the sheath-core structure realizes the complementarity of photoluminescence and photochromic functions of the electrospun modified-PMMA nanofibers, which is important to promote the wide application of multi-functional nanofibers in the optical field.     

金属氧化物和硅沉积改性 ZnO/SiO2/ZSM-5的甲醇择形芳构化反应催化研究

采用真空浸渍法对ZSM-5分子筛进行硅沉积和负载金属修饰,制备了复合改性的ZnO/SiO₂/ZSM-5催化剂,并将它应用于甲醇择形芳构化反应中。采用XRD、BET、NH₃-TPD、SEM、TEM等方法对制备的催化剂进行了物化表征。考察硅沉积次数和ZnO负载量对甲醇芳构化反应(MTA)中对二甲苯(PX)的选择性和收率的影响。结果表明,两次硅沉积改性并负载2.0%金属ZnO的ZSM-5分子筛具有较高的PX收率,在优化的反应温度420 ℃、反应压力0.2 MPa、甲醇空速WHSV为1.25 h^-1下,PX收率在28%以上。     

植物酯酶应用于有机磷农药残留分析技术的研究进展

有机磷农药残留在食品中,进入人体危害人类健康.因此,快速而灵敏的检测技术是预防农药残留危害的前提条件.而酶抑制技术正是一项快速检验技术.本文作者介绍了农药残留分析的现状,详细分析了植物酯酶应用于农药残留分析技术的研究进展.