肉桂酸及其衍生物的Eu(Ⅲ)配合物的合成、结构及荧光性质研究

以肉桂酸C₉H₈O₂(HL)及其衍生物对位取代肉桂酸R-L(R=CH₃,Cl,NO₂,OCH₃,OH)为配体,分别与Eu³⁺配位,得到系列Eu³⁺配合物。X-射线单晶解析结果表明:对甲基肉桂酸铕(1)和对氯肉桂酸铕(2)为一维高分子链,对硝基肉桂酸铕(3)为双核结构。通过FT-IR和UV-Vis光谱分析了配体在配位前后的变化。记录和解析了各配合物的荧光光谱,研究了对位取代基吸电子性和配位小分子对配合物发光性能的影响。     

热传导对气-液射流界面不稳定性的作用机理研究

研究了平面分层气-液射流在非线性温度分布条件下的界面不稳定性性质．考虑了气体的可压缩性、液体的粘性、以及气体热导率和密度随温度变化等事实．并应用正则模态方法将问题转化为四阶变系数常微分方程，用数值积分和多重打靶法对模型的空间模式进行了计算，研究了不稳定模态随各物理参量的变化趋势．计算表明模型所体现的不稳定性特征与其它模型的计算结果是一致的．同时计算还得出气体和液体的温差越小、雷诺数越大、热导率变大均将有利于液体射流有效雾化的结果．该结论与HJE．Co．Inc(Glens Fails，NY，USA)的实验数据是定性吻合的．     

水热处理对聚酰胺6纤维结构和性能的影响

在150℃下对聚酰胺6(PA6)纤维进行了水热处理,通过二维广角X射线衍射(2D-WAXD)、二维小角X射线散射(2D-SAXS)、示差扫描量热法(DSC)、场发射扫描电子显微镜(FE-SEM)和单丝强力测试等表征方法,研究了水热处理对纤维结构、热学和力学性能的影响.水热条件下,随温度的增加,水分子渗透作用增强,分子链的运动加剧,纤维的内部结构发生变化.纤维晶区结构由原来的γ晶型转变成为α晶型,结晶度和晶区完善程度提高,微晶尺寸增加,从而使纤维的热稳定性提高,熔融温度和熔融焓增加.水热处理使得纤维形成了折叠链片晶结构.在拉伸过程中,纤维的长周期不断增加,片晶有序性排列程度提高.水热处理后PA6纤维非晶区体积分数降低,并伴随有微孔和大的孔洞的形成,纤维的断裂强度和断裂伸长率都有所降低.     

Properties of acoustic resonance in double-actuator ultra-sonic gas nozzle: numerical study

The ultra-sonic gas atomization(USGA) nozzle is an important apparatus in the metal liquid air-blast atomization process.It can generate oscillating supersonic gas efflux,which is proved to be effective to enforce the atomization and produce narrow-band particle distributions.A double-actuator ultra-sonic gas nozzle is proposed in the present paper by joining up two active signals at the ends of the resonance tubes.Numerical simulations are adopted to study the effects of the flow development on the acoustic resonant properties inside the Hartmann resonance cavity with/without actuators.Comparisons show that the strength and the onset process of oscillation are enhanced remarkably with the actuators.The multiple oscillating amplitude peaks are found on the response curves,and two kinds of typical behaviors,i.e.,the Hartmann mode and the global mode,are discussed for the corresponding frequencies.The results for two driving actuators are also investigated.When the amplitudes,the frequencies,or the phase difference of the input signals of the actuators are changed,the oscillating amplitudes of gas efflux can be altered effectively.     

EEMD修正爆破加速度零漂信号中的最优白噪声系数

为了有效降低振动信号误差以提高数据的可信度，先针对花岗岩爆破试验中的加速度零漂信号，使用集合经验模态分解（ensemble empirical mode decomposition，EEMD）与高低频处理相结合的方法进行修正；接着，根据信号冲击响应谱提出表征修正前后频域平均偏差幅度的修正指数；最后，基于频域和时域分别讨论了不同白噪声系数范围内信号的修正效果。分析表明:EEMD方法能够有效地消除爆破加速度信号的零漂现象，但对积分后速度信号的零漂趋势改善有限；随着白噪声系数增大，不同频段上修正指数均不同程度地增大，二者呈现幂指数关系；根据不同频段上的修正指数分析，可以确定不同零漂加速度信号对应的最优白噪声系数范围。本文提出的修正指数可为EEMD方法处理加速度零漂信号时白噪声系数的合理选取提供参考。     

形貌可控Eu~(3+)掺杂氧化钼锌水合物的发光性能

通过共沉淀法,在室温下合成了Eu~(3+)掺杂氧化钼锌水合物的前驱体。研究了烧结温度对该前驱体的微结构和光致发光性能的影响。研究结果表明,在约400℃温度下,通过低成本地烧结Eu~(3+)掺杂水合物前驱体,可得到Eu~(3+)掺杂的纳米ZnMoO_4结构。     

Water structures inside and outside single-walled carbon nanotubes under perpendicular electric field

The structures of water inside and outside(6,6),(8,8), and(10,10) singlewalled carbon nanotubes(SWCNTs) under an electric field perpendicular to the tube axis are investigated by molecular dynamics simulations. The results show that dipole reorientation induced by electric field plays a significant role on the structures of confined water inside and outside SWCNTs. Inside SWCNTs, the average water occupancy and the average number of hydrogen bonds(H-bonds) per water molecule decrease as the electric intensity increases. Because the field intensity is sufciently strong, the initial water structures inside the SWCNTs are destroyed, and the isolated water clusters are found. Outside SWCNTs, the azimuthal distributions of the density and the average number of H-bonds per water molecule around the solid walls become more and more asymmetric as the electric intensity increases. The percentages of water molecules involved in 0–5 H-bonds for all the three types of SWCNTs under diferent field intensities are displayed. The results show that those water molecules involved with most H-bonds are the most important to hold the original structures. When the electric field direction is parallel with the original preferred orientation, the density and the H-bond connections in water will be increased; when the electric field direction is perpendicular to the original preferred orientation, the density and the H-bond connections in water will be decreased.     

脆性断裂的概率统计方法

针对脆性材料的破坏问题，根据缺陷累计失效概率的概念，得到了脆性材料发 生破坏的概率公式，它是缺陷密度和缺陷累计失效概率的函数，同时缺陷累计失效概率又是 应力的函数；指出某些研究者所提出破坏概率公式是此概率公式的特例；分析了缺陷数密度 和缺陷累计失效概率对试件破坏的影响；利用所得到的破坏概率公式和概率统计的知识，给 出了碎片的尺寸和数目的分布公式.