高效抗菌Cu~(2+)-壳聚糖季铵盐/丙烯酸复合物的制备

以过硫酸铵为引发剂,在壳聚糖季铵盐(HACC)上接枝丙烯酸(AAc)并络合Cu~(2+),制备了具有高效抗菌性能的HACC-g-PAAc-Cu~(2+)复合物.采用红外光谱(FTIR)和核磁共振波谱(~1H NMR)表征了壳聚糖季铵盐接枝改性前后的化学结构变化;利用紫外-可见吸收光谱(UV-Vis)、Cu~(2+)选择电极和热失重分析(TGA)表征了壳聚糖季铵盐接枝前后负载Cu~(2+)的能力;测定了HACC-Cu~(2+)和HACC-g-PAAc-Cu~(2+)对金黄色葡萄球菌及大肠杆菌的最小抑菌浓度,并对小鼠经口摄入毒性和兔皮肤敷涂刺激性进行了考察.研究结果表明,在壳聚糖季铵盐上负载Cu~(2+)能够有效提高其抗菌性;接枝丙烯酸能提高HACC负载Cu~(2+)的能力和抗菌性,Cu/HACC结构单元的摩尔比由接枝前的3∶7提高到接枝后的1∶1;对金黄色葡萄球菌的最小抑菌浓度由60 mg/L下降到9.2 mg/L,对大肠杆菌的最小抑菌浓度由37 mg/L下降到6.3 mg/L,无摄入毒性和皮肤刺激性.     

离子色谱法测定选矿废水中4种阴离子

采用离子色谱法测定选矿废水中微量F-、Cl-、NO3-、SO42-的含量。以SH-AC-1型阴离子分离柱为离子交换柱,以2.5 mmol.L-1碳酸钠-3.5 mmol.L-1碳酸氢钠溶液为淋洗液,采用抑制电导器检测。F-、Cl-、NO3-、SO24-4种阴离子分别在0.01~4.0,0.01~15.0,0.01~15.0,0.01~30.0 mg.L-1范围内呈线性关系,检出限(3S/N)分别为6.13,3.89,5.86,8.49μg.L-1。方法用于选矿废水试样中4种阴离子的测定,加标回收率分别为97.5%,104.0%,102.0%,98.3%,相对标准偏差均小于4.0%。     

Crossed Ladders in a 2-D Mixed-ligand Lanthanide Coordination Polymer:Synthesis,Crystal Structure and Photoluminescence

A new metal-organic coordination polymer,[Ce(L 1)(L 2)(H 2 O)]·2H 2 O (1,H 2 L 1=2,6-dimethylpyridine-3,5-dicarboxylic acid,H 2 L 2=(E)-2,6-dimethyl-4-styrylpyridine-3,5-dicer-boxylic acid),has been synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis,IR,and X-ray single-crystal diffraction.Compound 1 crystallizes in triclinic,space group P1 and displays a two-dimensional coordination network structure.In 1,the relatively rare crossed ladders cons-tructed by mixed ligands organize a 2-D grid with the topology of (4 2 6) 2 (4 8 6 6 8),and the layers further build up a 3-D supramolecular architecture via interlaminar hydrogen bonds.     

3维流形中的双侧可压缩曲面与薄形分解

对一个3维流形的任何一组彼此不相交的非过剩的双侧可压缩曲面集所含有的元素个数证明了是有上界的,记为No(M).记L0(M)为M的薄形分解的长度,则有L0(M)≤N0(M) |(e)M|,记L0(V ∪ W)为M的Heegaard分解M=V ∪ W的薄形分解的长度,则对M的任意不可稳定化的Heegaard分解都有L0(V ∪ W)≤N0(W) |(e)M|.     

微波法热处理制备CaO-MgO-Al_2O_3-SiO_2系微晶玻璃的研究

以二氧化硅,三氧化二铝,氧化钙和氧化镁为主要原料,分别采用微波辐射和传统电加热制备了一系列CaOMgO-Al_2O_3-SiO_2(CMAS)系微晶玻璃材料,对比两种方法的热处理制度对微晶玻璃结构与性能的影响,并进一步讨论了微波非热效应的影响。利用DTA、XRD、SEM和综合力学性能仪等手段,研究了两种对该系微晶玻璃显微结构及性能的影响。实验结果表明,两种方法制备的微晶玻璃主晶相均为辉石相,力学性能也基本相当。与传统热处理方法相比,微波法可在更短时间内制备出性能较好的微晶玻璃材料,微波非热效应有助于降低其晶化温度。     

晶态多孔材料合成方法的研究进展

晶态多孔材料是一类具有高孔隙率、多样结构、可控功能的功能材料,在客体分子吸附及分离、催化、储能等众多领域具有广阔的应用前景.其中,以沸石分子筛(zeolites)、金属有机框架材料(metal-organic frameworks, MOFs)和共价有机框架材料(covalent-organic frameworks, COFs)最具代表性.随着对晶态多孔材料研究的不断深入,众多新型的合成手段被开发用于材料的基础研究.同时,晶态多孔材料合成方法学的发展与其工业应用密切相关.本综述主要概述了晶态多孔材料的各种合成手段的优缺点和它们的潜在应用.     

Rare π5^6Pb Interactions in a Two-dimensional Rare Metal-organic Coordination Polymer with Two Distinct Kinds of Axially Chiral Units

A new metal-organic coordination polymer [Pb(mfpdc)(CH3OH)]n (1, mfpdc=2,6-dimethyl-4-(2-furanyl) pyridine-3,5-dicarboxylate) was synthesized and characterized by single-crystal X-ray analyses. The crystal is orthorhombic, space group Pbca, a=15.6297(18), b=9.4803(11), c=18.598(2), V=2755.8(6)3 , Z=8, Mr=498.44, Dc=2.403 Mg/m3 , F(000)=1872, the final R=0.0275 and wR=0.0726 (I>2 (I)). There are interesting polynuclear zigzag (PbO5 ) n chains in the structure of 1, and there have interesting axially chiral S-and R-unit Pb4L units constructed from prochiral organic ligands through C-H···O bonding. The (R/S)-Pb4L units by sharing Pb centers generate a 2-D coordination network, in which there exist rare π65 ···Pb(3.2610 ) interactions. The solid-state photoluminescent emission of compound 1 appears at 487 nm.     

Synthesis,Crystal Structure and Photoluminescence of a New Cd-organic meso-Helicate

One-pot solvothermal reaction of transition metal Cd(Ⅱ) salt with (2E,2’E)-3,3’-((propane-1,3-diylbis(oxy))bis(2,1-phenylene))diacrylic acid (H2ppa) and 1,10-phenanthroline (phen) generates a meso-helicate, [Cd(ppa)(phen)(H2O)]2, and characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction, elemental analyses, IR spectroscopy, and photoluminescent property. The complex crys-tallizes in monoclinic, space group P21/c with a = 13.4622(7), b = 24.8452(12), c = 8.9314(4) , β = 97.564(1)o, V = 2961.3(2) 3, C66H56N4O14Cd2, Mr = 1353.97, Dc = 1.518 g/cm3, μ(MoKα) = 0.789 mm-1, F(000) = 1376, Z = 2 , the final R = 0.0248 and wR = 0.0667 for 4673 observed reflections (I > 2σ(I)). The 1-D supramolecular chain is built up from the complex by π-π stacking interactions, and inter-chain hydrogen bonds prompt the 1-D chains into a 2-D layer. The title compound shows strong photoluminescence with emission maximum at λ = 445 nm upon λEx, max = 240 nm.     

溶剂效应与负离子的反应能力

本文研究了H_2O、CH_3OH、CH_3CN、CH_3COCH_3和DMF等十余种溶剂对Cl~-+CH_3I和I~-+ClCH_2COOCH_3两反应速率的影响.实验数据表明,在溶液反应中,负离子的溶剂化作用极大地影响了它的亲核进攻能力.而负离子的溶剂化作用又与负离子和溶剂分子的特征结构之间的相互作用情况密切相关.在质子溶剂中,I~-的反应活性比Cl~-强,而在极性非质子溶剂中,Cl~-的反应活性比I~-强.     

以4-[(羧甲基)硫代]-苯甲酸为配体的Pb(Ⅱ)和Cd(Ⅱ)配位聚合物的合成、结构以及荧光性质

在混合溶剂热条件下,以4-[(羧甲基)硫代]-苯甲酸(CMTB)为配体合成了[Pb(CMTB)H2O]n(1)和[Cd(CMTB)]n(2)两个配位聚合物,并用X-射线单晶结构分析、电感耦合等离子光谱和红外光谱对其进行了表征。化合物1属于三斜晶系,空间群为P1,晶胞参数为a=0.645 08(13)nm,b=0.847 83(17)nm,c=0.956 30(19)nm,α=90.37(3)°,β=92.75(3)°,γ=106.40(3)°,Z=2;化合物1具有二维层状结构,每1个Pb(Ⅱ)与来自4个配体的5个氧原子以及1个来自水分子的氧原子配位,形成了1个变形八面体的几何构型。化合物2为单斜晶系,空间群是P21,晶胞参数为a=0.786 27(16)nm,b=0.600 55(12)nm,c=1.001 3(2)nm,β=91.14(3)°,Z=2。化合物2是一个二维层状化合物,Cd(Ⅱ)与5个氧原子和1个硫原子配位形成了六配位的八面体构型。同时,我们对两个配合物的荧光性质进行了研究。