氨对硅基铁纳米薄膜高温重凝核的影响

采用弧过滤离子沉积系统（arc filtered deposition，AFD）在纯硅表面制备铁纳米薄膜。研究了750℃下铁纳米薄膜在氢气氛围以及氨气氛围中重凝核的规律。研究表明，在氢气氛围中，铁纳米薄膜重凝核以后形成的铁纳米颗粒随薄膜的厚度增加以及保温时间的延长而增大；但在氨气氛围中，铁纳米薄膜重凝核后形成的纳米颗粒的尺寸随保温时间的变化更为复杂：在氨气作用的初始阶段，铁颗粒的尺寸随氨气作用时间的延长而逐渐变大，但一段时间以后，铁颗粒的尺寸又随氨气作用时间的延长而变小，直到铁颗粒平均直径达到一个最小值（大约在氨气介入后的12min），随后铁颗粒的尺寸又逐渐变大，并最终达到一稳定值。     

一维粗糙表面散射特征的数值分析

使用Monte Carlo模拟的方法得出了随机粗糙表面，在Kirchhoff近似的基础上，利用数值分析的方法分析了一维随机粗糙表面的散射特征，得出了一维随机粗糙表面散射分布曲线，我们还考虑了遮蔽效应的影响，并且讨论了Kirchhoff近似的有效性。     

后退火温度对溅射沉积Pb(Zr0.52Ti0.48)O3铁电薄膜结构和性能的影响

在具有Ti缓冲层的Pt(111)底电极上,用射频溅射工艺在较低的衬底温度(370℃)和纯Ar气氛中沉积Pb(Zr0.52Ti0.48)O3(PZT)薄膜,沉积过程中基片架作15°摇摆以提高膜厚的均匀性。然后将样品在大气中进行5min快速热退火处理,退火温度550-680℃。用XRD、SEM分析薄膜的微结构,RT66A标准铁电测试系统测量样品的铁电和介电性能。结果表明,所沉积的Pt为(111)取向,仅当后退火温度高于580℃,沉积在Pt(111)上的PZT薄膜才能形成钙钛矿结构的铁电相,退火温度在580-600℃时结晶为(110)择优取向,退火温度高于600℃时结晶为(111)择优取向。PZT薄膜的极化强度随退火温度的升高而增加,但退火温度超过650℃时漏电流急剧上升,因此退火处理的温度对PZT薄膜的结构和性能有决定性的影响。     

Femtosecond Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy for Detection of Trace Elements in Sophora Leaves

Sophora leaves from several areas in Beijing are analysed by femtosecond laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy （femto-LIBS）. Although the used spectral detection system is not time-resolved, the spectral lines of trace mineral elements are detected and analysed. It is proven that the femto-LIBS can be an efficient method to detect mineral trace elements contained in tree leaves which is a biomonitor for atmospheric pollution assessment or botanic studies. An interesting case of correlation between trace elements detected in tree leaves and the pollution of the concerned area is presented, for the first time to our knowledge.     

退火温度对ZnO薄膜结构和内应变的影响

采用磁过滤阴极脉冲真空弧沉积技术(pulsed filtered cathodic vacuum arc deposition,PFCVAD),以Si(100)单晶片为衬底,在衬底温度400℃、氧气压力4×10-2Pa、靶负压400 V的条件下制备了具有c轴取向的ZnO薄膜。采用原子力显微镜(AFM)和X射线衍射仪(XRD)研究了退火温度对ZnO薄膜     

用声学诊断方法测量激光等离子体通道的长度与电子密度

用声学诊断方法对超短脉冲强激光在空气中传输形成的等离子体通道进行了测量，根据通道不同位置的声音信号，得到了通道的长度和通道内电子密度等信息. 关键词： 声学测量 等离子体通道     

TiC晶须的形貌

用气相催化无衬底化学气相沉积法制备TiC高温陶瓷晶须。经X射线物相分析、电子衍射测定和扫描电镜观测。分析了TiC晶须的形貌。     

空气中激光等离子体通道的荧光探测和声学诊断两种方法的比较实验研究

使用荧光探测和声学诊断两种方法，对超强飞秒激光脉冲在空气中传输形成的等离子体通道同时进行了测量.两种方法都很好地反映了等离子体通道的演化过程.对两种方法的比较研究发现，声学诊断相对于荧光探测方法来说，具有较高的灵敏度和空间分辨能力，实验装置也更简单，更适宜于等离子体通道的常规测量. 关键词： 强飞秒激光等离子体通道 荧光探测 声学诊断     

基于多层多道焊的弧焊机器人视觉信息提取及处理

介绍爬行式弧焊机器人三维视觉信息的传感原理。研究了拉普拉斯锐化、细化等措施对图像处理的效果。给出型坡口多层多道焊边缘坐标的确定以及纠偏量和深度值的计算方法，实验说明效果较好。     

Characteristics of indirect laser-induced plasma from a thin film of oil on a metallic substrate

Optical emissions from the major and trace elements embodied in a transparent gel prepared from cooking oil were detected after the gel was spread in a thin film on a metallic substrate. Such emissions are due to the indirect breakdown of the coating layer. The generated plasma, a mixture of substances from the substrate, the layer, and the ambient gas, was characterized using emission spectroscopy. The characteristics of the plasma formed on the metal with and without the coating layer were investigated. The results showed that Al emission induced from the aluminum substrates coated with oil films extends away from the target surface to ablate the oil film. This finally formed a bifurcating circulation of aluminum vapor against a spherical confinement wall in the front of the plume, which differed from the evolution of the plasma induced from the uncoated aluminum target. The strongest emissions of elements from the oil films can be observed at 2 mm above the target after a detection delay of 1.0 μs. A high temperature zone has been observed in the plasma after the delay of 1.0 μs for the plasma induced from the coated metal. This higher temperature determined in the plasma allows the consideration of the sensitive detection of trace elements in liquids, gels, biological samples, or thin films.