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1.
为提高K9光学玻璃在一些特殊应用领域(如高压、温度变化剧烈等)的力学性能,并保证其光学性能符合精密光学仪器要求,对K9光学玻璃进行了化学钢化技术研究。以脆性材料断裂过程微裂纹扩展理论为基础,导出化学钢化玻璃强度应力因子计算模型,分析化学钢化表面应力与表面微裂纹深度、韧性之间的关系,指出化学钢化工艺应注意的事项。通过实验研究,分析化学钢化温度和钢化时间对K9光学玻璃抗弯强度、表面应力及应力层厚度的影响,优化得出K9光学玻璃化学钢化温度为400 ℃、钢化时间为40 h。采用优化工艺,获得了表面应力为500 MPa、应力层厚度为50 μm量级及规格为220 mm×110 mm×22 mm的化学钢化K9光学玻璃样件。钢化后,样件抗弯强度提高了3.5倍以上,且表面疵病、光学鉴别率、透过率等光学性能指标未见明显变化。  相似文献   
2.
Structural health monitoring (SHM) is recognized as an efficient tool to interpret the reliability of a wide variety of infrastructures. To identify the structural abnormality by utilizing the electromechanical coupling property of piezoelectric transducers, the electromechanical impedance (EMI) approach is preferred. However, in real-time SHM applications, the monitored structure is exposed to several varying environmental and operating conditions (EOCs). The previous study has recognized the temperature variations as one of the serious EOCs that affect the optimal performance of the damage inspection process. In this framework, an experimental setup is developed in current research to identify the presence of fatigue crack in stainless steel (304) beam using EMI approach and estimate the effect of temperature variations on the electrical impedance of the piezoelectric sensors. A regular series of experiments are executed in a controlled temperature environment (25°C–160°C) using 202 V1 Constant Temperature Drying Oven Chamber (Q/TBXR20-2005). It has been observed that the dielectric constant ε33T which is recognized as the temperature-dependent constant of PZT sensor has sufficiently influenced the electrical impedance signature. Moreover, the effective frequency shift (EFS) approach is optimized in term of significant temperature compensation for the current impedance signature of PZT sensor relative to the reference signature at the extended frequency bandwidth of the developed measurement system with better outcomes as compared to the previous literature work. Hence, the current study also deals efficiently with the critical issue of the width of the frequency band for temperature compensation based on the frequency shift in SHM. The results of the experimental study demonstrate that the proposed methodology is qualified for the damage inspection in real-time monitoring applications under the temperature variations. It is capable to exclude one of the major reasons of false fault diagnosis by compensating the consequence of elevated temperature at extended frequency bandwidth in SHM.  相似文献   
3.
杨骁  应方乾  孟哲 《力学季刊》2021,42(1):108-119
利用裂纹诱导弦挠度函数,建立了悬臂Euler-Bernoulli 中开闭裂纹位置、深度、初始张开角等损伤参数的识别方法.为此,首先将梁中开闭裂纹等效为单向扭转弹簧,给出了考虑裂纹缝隙效应的裂纹梁等效抗弯刚度,并得到悬臂Euler-Bernoulli 开闭裂纹梁弯曲挠度的显式闭合解及裂纹诱导弦挠度函数,证明了裂纹诱导弦挠度的分段线性函数.其次,基于单向扭转弹簧的性质,建立了通过多步加载进行梁中开闭裂纹参数及其上下侧属性的识别方法.最后,通过数值算例验证了本文所建立的开闭裂纹损伤识别方法的适用性和可靠性,考察了裂纹分布位置、深度和初始张开角以及裂纹识别区间和挠度测量误差等参数对识别结果的影响,结果表明:当裂纹处于张开状态时,裂纹处裂纹诱导弦挠度斜率改变量随着施加荷载的增加而增加;当裂纹闭合时,其裂纹诱导弦挠度斜率改变量将保持为常量;裂纹损伤参数的识别误差随测量误差的增加而增加,但整体识别结果具有较高的精度,较好的鲁棒性.  相似文献   
4.
5.
We investigate the method of conjugate gradients, exploiting inaccurate matrix‐vector products, for the solution of convex quadratic optimization problems. Theoretical performance bounds are derived, and the necessary quantities occurring in the theoretical bounds estimated, leading to a practical algorithm. Numerical experiments suggest that this approach has significant potential, including in the steadily more important context of multiprecision computations.  相似文献   
6.
Liang-An Huo 《中国物理 B》2021,30(8):80201-080201
With the development of information technology, rumors propagate faster and more widely than in the past. In this paper, a stochastic rumor propagation model incorporating media coverage and driven by Lévy noise is proposed. The global positivity of the solution process is proved, and further the basic reproductive number R0 is obtained. When R0 < 1, the dynamical process of system with Lévy jump tends to the rumor-free equilibrium point of the deterministic system, and the rumor tends to extinction; when R0 > 1, the rumor will keep spreading and the system will oscillate randomly near the rumor equilibrium point of the deterministic system. The results show that the oscillation amplitude is related to the disturbance of the system. In addition, increasing media coverage can effectively reduce the final spread of rumors. Finally, the above results are verified by numerical simulation.  相似文献   
7.
周磊  姜亚成  朱哲明  董玉清  牛草原  王蒙 《爆炸与冲击》2021,41(5):053102-1-053102-11
为深层次了解裂隙岩体在动载荷作用下的动态断裂特性及止裂机理,采用TWSRC(tunnel with single radial crack)构型进行中低速冲击实验,选择砂岩作为原材料制作裂隙岩体试样,以落锤冲击试验装置与裂纹扩展计实验系统对裂纹的动态起裂、扩展及止裂过程进行全过程监测,重点研究动态破裂过程的破裂行为及止裂现象。使用有限差分法程序进行数值模拟,验证冲击实验结果的科学性与准确性。研究发现:裂隙岩体的动态断裂过程是由起裂加速-高速扩展-缓慢减速-止裂-再次起裂加速-再次高速扩展等多次循环的过程构成,且止裂区间尺寸为微秒量级;裂隙岩体止裂位置的穿晶断裂比例远小于初始起裂点,青砂岩动态断裂过程的穿晶断裂比例稍大于黑砂岩;裂隙岩体中止裂点再次起裂所需的能量,远小于预制裂纹初始起裂所需要的能量。  相似文献   
8.
本文在不确定理论的框架下,研究一类带背景状态变量的最优控制模型.在乐观值准则下,利用不确定动态规划的方法,证明了不确定最优性原则,得到最优性方程.作为应用,求解一个固定缴费(DC)型养老金的最优投资策略问题,在乐观值准则下,以工资变量为背景状态变量,建立养老金模型.通过求解不确定最优性方程得到最优投资策略和最优支付率.  相似文献   
9.
Based on the complex Snell's law of lossy media, a ray tracing method is proposed to study the propagation attenuation characteristics of electromagnetic (EM) waves in plasma sheaths. The plasma sheath is modelled as layered media. This method considers the complex ray characteristics of inhomogeneous plane EM waves, tracks the propagation rays of EM waves in each layer of media, and calculates the propagation attenuation of EM waves in each layer of media according to the propagation direction of the complex rays. The attenuation during numerical cumulative propagation is the total attenuation of EM waves through the plasma sheath. By comparing the results with that obtained from the WKB method, the accuracy of the ray tracing algorithm is proved. The results of the propagation attenuation of a blunt cone model are calculated by the proposed method, and the effects of different parameters on the EM wave propagation attenuation in the plasma sheath are analysed at different heights, velocities, incident angles, and incident positions. Studying the propagation characteristics of EM waves in the plasma sheath is of importance in application for radar target tracking, blackout communication, and other issues.  相似文献   
10.
In the periodic table the position of each atom follows the ‘aufbau’ principle of the individual electron shells. The resulting intrinsic periodicity of atomic properties determines the overall behavior of atoms in two-dimensional (2D) bonding and structure formation. Insight into the type and strength of bonding is the key in the discovery of innovative 2D materials. The primary features of 2D bonding and the ensuing monolayer structures of the main-group II–VI elements result from the number of valence electrons and the change of atom size, which determine the type of hybridization. The results reveal the tight connection between strength of bonding and bond length in 2D networks. The predictive power of the periodic table reveals general rules of bonding, the bonding-structure relationship, and allows an assessment of published data of 2D materials.  相似文献   
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