极端工况双矩形腔静压推力轴承动态特性

静压推力轴承动态特性受润滑油黏度、油膜厚度和油腔面积等因素影响, 极端工况运行过程中经常承受阶跃载荷或正弦载荷作用, 突加载荷将导致静压推力轴承动态特性改变, 表现为轴承的抗冲击能力和恢复平衡所需时间的变化. 为获得高速重载微间隙极端工况条件下双矩形腔静压推力轴承动态特性, 分别在不同油膜厚度、不同润滑油黏度以及不同油腔尺寸条件下对双矩形腔静压推力轴承的动态性能进行理论分析, 探讨了阶跃载荷作用下润滑油黏度、油膜厚度和油腔面积对轴承动态性能的影响, 揭示了油膜动态变化规律, 探究了正弦载荷作用下双矩形腔静压推力轴承的稳定性. 结果表明: 润滑油黏度、油膜厚度和油腔尺寸变化对其动态性能有很大的影响. 润滑油黏度越大、油膜厚度越小、油腔面积越大突加载荷作用下润滑油膜抵抗冲击的能力越强, 旋转工作台受到突加外力作用下恢复至平衡状态所用时间越短. 双矩形腔静压推力轴承油膜具有较大的阻尼系数, 轴承具有极强的抵抗正弦加载作用的能力      

砂土串囊式充气锚杆承载力的研究

在砂土地层中,串囊式充气锚杆的研究还比较少,其承载特性及受力机理尚不明确。本文基于莫尔-库仑模型和Vesic圆孔扩张理论法,分别对圆柱体、球体、组合体、椭球体假设下的串囊式充气锚杆的扩大段进行计算分析。并将计算结果与试验得到的实测值进行对比。结果表明:四种形状假设中椭球体的形状假设理论值与实测值的误差最小,仅为8.35%。通过拟合试验数据,并引入与端阻力和侧摩阻力有关的两个系数对承载力公式进行修正,得到了抗拔承载力的经验公式。     

Modifying the physicochemical properties,solubility and foaming capacity of milk proteins by ultrasound-assisted alkaline pH-shifting treatment

This study investigated the effects of different treatment of alkaline pH-shifting on milk protein concentrate (MPC), micellar casein concentrate (MCC) and whey protein isolate (WPI) assisted by the same ultrasound conditions, including changes in the physicochemical properties, solubility and foaming capacity. The solubility of milk proteins had a significant increase with gradual enhancement of ultrasound-assisted alkaline pH-shifting (p < 0.05), especially for MCC up to 99.50 %. Also, treatment made a significant decline in the particle size of MPC and MCC, as well as the turbidity of the proteins (p < 0.05). The foaming capacity of MPC, MCC, and WPI was all improved, especially at pH 11, and at this pH, the milk protein also showed the highest surface hydrophobicity. The best foaming capacity at pH 11 was the result of the combined effect of particle size, potential, protein conformation, solubility, and surface hydrophobicity. In conclusion, ultrasound-assisted pH-shifting treatment was found to be effective in improving the physicochemical properties and solubility and foaming capacity of milk proteins, especially MCC, with promising application prospect in food industry.     

由定子电流信号分析陀螺电机滚珠轴承故障诊断与分类（英文）

在陀螺电机中,轴承故障是最普遍的失效形式。针对陀螺电机球轴承中各组成部分出现故障难以区分,而更换整套轴承又造成巨大浪费的问题,提出了一种基于电流信号分析的陀螺电机轴承故障分类方法。该方法通过采集定子电流信号,并应用数学分析工具,提取出定子电流的特征信号。通过使用顺序递推法排除了冗余和无效特征,然后用最佳的特征信号建立特征空间。通过使用隐马尔科夫模型,对轴承的典型故障(外环故障、内环故障、球故障和保持架故障)进行了准确的分类。该方法的有效性在一台具有不同轴承故障的直流无刷陀螺电机上得到验证,实验结果显示分类的正确率达到97.1%。     

区域小微企业群体大规模客户化制造系统模块化组建研究

为提升组建效率,降低组建难度与成本,在分析区域小微企业及其群体特点的基础上,提出由小微企业构建产品制造模块,通过模块的组合,形成大规模客户化制造系统的模块化组建方法.同时,结合对产品制造模块及其构建方式,以及模块选择主要影响因素的分析,研究了基于模块选择系数的制造模块选择策略,为制造系统的模块化组建提供了必要条件.     

Effect of gravity on the mechanical properties of lunar regolith tested using a low gravity simulation device

Simulations of the bearing capacity and shear strength of regolith under Earth’s gravity produce different results from those under low gravity. A low-gravity simulation device was developed in this study, and an internal stress model of regolith simulant was established to correct the errors. The model revealed additional force on both shear plane in the shear test and the press plate area in the pressure–sinkage test. The sinkage and shear test results showed that low gravity decreased the deformable index n, frictional modulus k_φ and cohesion c, whereas there were no obvious changes to the cohesive modulus k_c and internal friction angle φ. The sinkage generally increased as the gravity decreased under a consistent normal load larger than 50 N, but when the wheel load was lower than 50 N, the sinkage of the TYII-1 simulant was larger under 1 G than 1/6 G. Gravity had little effect on the shear strength of the regolith. However, the tractive thrust of the TYII-1 simulant was lower under 1/6 G than 1 G. The smaller difference was due to differences in the way the soils responded to changes in the gravity level for the TYII-2 simulant.     

RV减速器主支撑角接触球轴承混合润滑分析

针对RV减速器角接触球轴承承受预紧力、轴向力和径向力等联合外载荷作用的工况,分析得出了内、外圈滚道接触界面的接触区几何参数和接触载荷.在此基础上,综合考虑了角接触球轴承的接触区宏观几何、接触载荷、真实表面粗糙度、瞬态效应等因素,建立了角接触球轴承混合润滑数学模型,分析了在不同工况下角接触轴承的润滑状况及表面以下应力分布.结果表明:随着载荷的不断增加,钢球与内圈沟道之间的油膜厚度会不断减少,导致干接触面积迅速扩大,接触点表面以下最大应力增大;转速的增加会使油膜变厚,干接触面积缩小.该结果对角接触球轴承的实际工程应用具有重要借鉴意义.     

Reduced Graphene‐Wrapped MnO2 Nanowires Self‐Inserted with Co3O4 Nanocages: Remarkable Enhanced Performances for Lithium‐Ion Anode Applications

A simple synthetic approach for graphene‐templated nanostructured MnO₂ nanowires self‐inserted with Co₃O₄ nanocages is proposed in this work. The Co₃O₄ nanocages were penetrated in situ by MnO₂ nanowires. As an anode, the as‐obtained MnO₂–Co₃O₄–RGO composite exhibits remarkable enhanced performance compared with the MnO₂–RGO and Co₃O₄–RGO samples. The MnO₂–Co₃O₄–RGO electrode delivers a reversible capacity of up to 577.4 mA h g^?1 after 400 cycles at 500 mA g^?1 and the Coulombic efficiency of MnO₂–Co₃O₄–RGO is about 96 %.     

Well‐controlled ATRP of 2‐(2‐(2‐azidoethyoxy)ethoxy)ethyl methacrylate for high‐density click functionalization of polymers and metallic substrates

The combination of atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) and click chemistry has created unprecedented opportunities for controlled syntheses of functional polymers. ATRP of azido‐bearing methacrylate monomers (e.g., 2‐(2‐(2‐azidoethyoxy)ethoxy)ethyl methacrylate, AzTEGMA), however, proceeded with poor control at commonly adopted temperature of 50 °C, resulting in significant side reactions. By lowering reaction temperature and monomer concentrations, well‐defined pAzTEGMA with significantly reduced polydispersity were prepared within a reasonable timeframe. Upon subsequent functionalization of the side chains of pAzTEGMA via Cu(I)‐catalyzed azide‐alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAC) click chemistry, functional polymers with number‐average molecular weights (M_n) up to 22 kDa with narrow polydispersity (PDI < 1.30) were obtained. Applying the optimized polymerization condition, we also grafted pAzTEGMA brushes from Ti6Al4 substrates by surface‐initiated ATRP (SI‐ATRP), and effectively functionalized the azide‐terminated side chains with hydrophobic and hydrophilic alkynes by CuAAC. The well‐controlled ATRP of azido‐bearing methacrylates and subsequent facile high‐density functionalization of the side chains of the polymethacrylates via CuAAC offers a useful tool for engineering functional polymers or surfaces for diverse applications. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2016 , 54, 1268–1277     

Addition of SiO2 to the operation of a polyimide cathode in a sodium battery

The effect of the addition of SiO₂ nanoparticles on the properties of a polyimide cathode was explored by CV, XPS, and galvanostatic cycling methods. The capacity and average cycling potential of the cell increased in the presence of SiO₂. By quantum chemical modeling, it was shown that SiO₂ nanoparticles served as a framework for polyimide, which retained its fixed structure upon metalation with sodium.