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1.
We present a new method for calculation of quasi-potential,which is a key concept in the large deviation theory.This method adopts the"ordered"idea in the ordered upwind algorithm and different from the finite difference upwind scheme,the first-order line integral is used as its update rule.With sufficient accuracy,the new simplified method can greatly speed up the computational time.Once the quasi-potential has been computed,the minimum action path(MAP)can also be obtained.Since the MAP is of concern in most stochastic situations,the effectiveness of this new method is checked by analyzing the accuracy of the MAP.Two cases of isotropic diffusion and anisotropic diffusion are considered.It is found that this new method can both effectively compute the MAPs for systems with isotropic diffusion and reduce the computational time.Meanwhile anisotropy will affect the accuracy of the computed MAP. 相似文献
2.
This article deals with the various heat source responses in a transversely isotropic hollow cylinder under the purview of three-phase-lag (TPL) generalized thermoelasticity theory. In presence of magnetic field and due to the rotating behavior of the cylinder, the governing equations are redefined for generalized thermoelasticity with thermal time delay. In order to obtain the stress, displacement and temperature field, the field functions are expressed in terms of modified Bessel functions in Laplace transformed domain. When the outer radius of hollow cylinder tends to infinity, the corresponding results are discussed. Finally an appropriate Laplace transform inversion technique is adopted. 相似文献
3.
The transverse magnetic field (TMF) drives the vacuum arc to move along the surface of the contacts to prevent the local overheating and melting of the contact surfaces. The arcing process has great influence on the breaking capacity of short‐circuit current. In this paper, the arcing process between three types of TMF contacts was investigated. The transition process of an arc from the ignition stage to the diffusion stage was discussed. The transition moment, transition gap distance, and transition current were obtained. It was found that the axial magnetic field component of TMF contacts affected the arc transition process. 相似文献
4.
Lu Zhao-Xin 《Phase Transitions》2015,88(1):90-100
The phase diagram of a ferroelectric thin film is studied by using the usual mean-field approximation. The crossover features, from the ferroelectric-dominant phase diagram to the paraelectric-dominant phase diagram, for the physical parameters of the thin film are discussed. Special attention is devoted to the investigation of surface and bulk layers, and how to influence the crossover values of exchange interactions and transverse fields. 相似文献
5.
基于氧化限制型内腔接触垂直腔面发射激光器(VCSEL) 结构设计, 研究了VCSEL的多横模分布及其模式波长分裂特性与氧化孔径尺寸、形状的关系. 在实验基础上, 通过建立有效折射率模型, 并利用标量亥姆霍兹方程的迭代算法理论, 分别对椭圆形氧化孔径和圆形氧化孔径VCSEL的横向模式特性进行模拟研究, 计算得到不同形状孔径的多横模光场分布情况, 同时测量得到高阶横模多频输出光谱. 研究发现, 椭圆氧化孔形状不仅影响横模分布特性, 还会导致每个模式的波长产生分裂, 分裂值可达0.037 nm. 同时, 随着氧化孔径的增大, 波长分裂影响会逐渐减小, 直至趋近于圆形氧化孔径的分布特性. 研究结果为进一步实现氧化限制型VCSEL的多横模锁定提供了有益参考和借鉴. 相似文献
6.
脉冲磁约束线形空心阴极放电形成的大面积等离子体片可应用于等离子体天线、隐身及模拟超音速飞行器表面的等离子体鞘套. 本文首次利用实测等离子体片电子密度时空分布和横向场传播矩阵法, 研究了电磁波在等离子体片中反射率、透射率、吸收率随频率及脉冲放电时间的变化特征. 结果表明: 极化方向平行磁场的电磁波, 在小于截止频率的低频带内具有较高的反射率和吸收率, 增大电流, 反射率增加, 吸收率下降, 在大于截止频率的高频带内反射率和吸收率较低, 增大电流, 透射率下降, 吸收率升高; 极化方向垂直磁场的电磁波在高混杂谐振频率附近存在吸收率明显增强的吸收带, 谐振吸收峰值与放电电流无关; 脉冲放电期间, 电磁波的反射率、透射率与吸收率由不稳定过渡到稳定的时间约为100 μs, 过渡时间随着放电电流的增加而增大, 极化方向垂直磁场、小于截止频率的电磁波在稳定放电阶段谐振吸收较强. 本文的研究成果对利用等离子体片实现对电磁波的稳定高反射作用具有重要意义. 相似文献
7.
With the improvement of the current level of power grids, the requirements of the opening level of the vacuum switches are also increasing. Vacuum arc cathode spots provide steam and electrons and, to a certain extent, determine the opening capacity of the vacuum switch. In this paper, a vacuum arc cathode spot research platform based on the de-mountable vacuum chamber is constructed. The characteristics of the vacuum arc cathode spots under the transverse magnetic field (TMF) contacts are assessed by a high-speed charge coupled device. The experimental results show that the cathode spot diffusion process can be divided into three processes through cathode spot distribution, arc voltage and current: initial diffusion stage of cathode spots, unstable motion stage of cathode spots, and extinguishing stage. The motion mode of cathode spots during unstable motion stage can be divided into cathode spots group stagnation (CSGS) to multi-cathode jet (MCJ) switch mode, cathode spots group motion (CSGM) to MCJ switch mode, CSGM mode, and MCJ mode. The effects of peak current and contact diameter on unstable motion mode were analysed. 相似文献
8.
为研究偏心垂向荷载作用下梯形截面单室箱梁的横向弯矩,对框架分析法计算箱梁横向弯矩的方程进行优化,并在刚性支承法的基础上提出一种更加简单的横向弯矩计算方法;与框架分析法不同,横向弯矩可采用能量变分法求解,建立以箱梁顶板剪力差为未知量的四阶控制微分方程,采用比拟的弹性地基梁解法解出剪力差,得出梯形截面单室箱梁横向弯矩的能量变分法解。对几种箱梁横向弯矩计算方法用两个算例进行验证,结果表明,能量变分法解将箱梁底板上的弯矩误差绝对值由15.41%降到了9.68%;本文方法得出的横向弯矩结果和有限元结果吻合较好,弯矩误差绝对值最大不超过6.01%;本文方法和能量变分法可有效降低箱梁底板上的弯矩误差,计算精度得到提高。 相似文献
9.
Dr. Muntadar A. H. Al-Yassiri 《ChemistryOpen》2021,10(10):976-985
Off-nucleus isotropic magnetic shielding (σiso(r)) and multi-points nucleus independent chemical shift (NICS(0-2 Å)) index were utilized to find the impacts of the isomerization of gas-phase furfuraldehyde (FD) on bonding and aromaticity of FD. Multidimensional (1D to 3D) grids of ghost atoms (bqs) were used as local magnetic probes to evaluate σiso(r) through gauge-including atomic orbitals (GIAO) at density functional theory (DFT) and B3LYP functional/6-311+G(d,p) basis set level of theory. 1D σiso(r) responses along each bond of FD were examined. Also, a σiso(r) 2D-scan was performed to obtain σiso(r) behavior at vertical heights of 0–1 Å above the FD plane in its cis, transition state (TS) and trans forms. New techniques for evaluating 2D σiso(r) cross-sections are also included. Our findings showed that bonds in cyclic and acyclic parts of FD are dissimilar. Unlike the C−O bond of furanyl, the C=O bond of the formyl group is magnetically different. C−C and C−H bonds in furanyl are found similar to those in aromatic rings. A unique σiso(r) trend was observed for the C2−C6 bond during FD isomerization. Based on NICS(0-2 Å) values, the degree of aromaticity follows the order of cis FD<trans FD<furan<TS FD. 相似文献
10.
本文利用原位低场核磁共振(LF-NMR)技术在真实固液反应环境中对光催化还原Cr(Ⅵ)反应进行了定量研究,并对Ag纳米颗粒负载量不同的Ag担载石墨相氮化碳复合光催化剂(Ag/g-C3N4)在可见光照射下催化Cr(Ⅵ)还原为Cr(Ⅲ)的性能进行了研究.研究发现,Ag纳米颗粒负载(负载量分别为1 wt.%、2 wt.%、5 wt.%和10 wt.%)可以有效提高g-C3N4的光催化性能;且负载量为5 wt.%时光催化性能最优,为无Ag负载的g-C3N4的4倍.此外,本文还通过横向弛豫时间(T2)定量分析了反应体系中顺磁性Cr(Ⅲ)离子的浓度,证实了采用LF-NMR弛豫法评价光催化Cr(Ⅵ)还原反应性能的可行性. 相似文献