非线性时滞动力系统的研究进展

具有时滞的动力系统广泛存在于各工程领域．本文从动力学角度对时滞动力系统的研究进展作一综述，内容包括时滞动力系统的特点、研究方法、动力学热点问题的研究进展等．由于时滞动力系统的演化趋势不仅依赖于系统的当前状态，还依赖于系统过去某一时刻或若干时刻的状态，其运动方程要用泛国微分方程来描述，解空间是无穷维的．即使系统中的时滞非常小，在许多情况下也不能忽略不计．对于非线性时滞常微分方程，目前的研究思路基本上与常微分方程系统理论相平行．主要研究方法可分为时域法和频域法，前者包括Ｔａｙｌｏｒ级数法，中心流形法，Ｐｏｉｎｃａｒｅ映射法等，后者包括Ｎｙｑｕｉｓｔ法等．目前对这类系统的动力学研究主要集中在稳定性、Ｈｏｐｆ分岔、混沌等方面．研究表明：时滞动力系统具有非常丰富和复杂的动力学行为，如单变量的一维非线性时滞动力系统可发生混沌现象，与用常微分方程描述的系统有本质性差别．另一方面，人们可巧妙地利用时滞来控制动力系统的行为，如时滞反馈控制是控制混饨的主要方法之一．最后，本文展望了存在的一些问题以及近期值得关注的研究．  

结构控制方法评述

介绍了土木工程结构控制的基本概念和目前结构控制算法的理论基础、发展情况和几种算法的基本公式．总结了目前各类结构控制措施的研究现状，指出进一步研究的发展方向，尤其是控制模型中几个问题的研究现况，指出了算法中的局限和问题．  

van der Pol-Duffing时滞系统的稳定性和Hopf分岔

研究了具有三次项的ｖａｎ ｄｅｒ Ｐｏｌ－Ｄｕｆｆｉｎｇ非线性时滞系统的稳定性和Ｈｏｐｆ分岔，分析了当线性化特征方程随两参数（时滞量和增益系数）变化时特征根的分布；证明了Ｈｏｐｆ分岔的存在性，通过构造中心流形并且使用范式方法给出的Ｈｏｐｆ分岔的方向以及周期解的稳定性，讨论时滞量对该系统的Ｈｏｐｆ分岔的影响。  

存在时滞的柔性梁的振动主动控制

本文对控制存在时滞的柔性梁的振动主动控制进行研究，主动控制策略采用独立模态空间控制，模态控制律采用离散变结构控制进行设计，给出了从实际测量中提取模态坐标和将模态控制力转换成实际控制力的方法，以及离散切换面和离散变结构模态控制律的确定方法，由于模态控制律直接通过时滞微分方程而得出，因此所给控制方法易于保证控制系统的稳定性。算例结果显示，文中所述控制方法能够有效地对梁的振动进行控制；若按无时滞时的控制设计对时滞系统进行控制，系统响应有可能出现发散。  

Periodic Traveling Waves for Diffusion Equations with Time Delayed and Non-local Responding Reaction

We develop a singular perturbation technique to study the existence of periodic traveling wave solutions with large wave speed for a class of reaction-diffusion equations with time delay and non-local response. Unlike the classical singular perturbation method, our approach is based on a transformation of the differential equations to integral equations in a Banach space that reduces the singular perturbation problem to a regular perturbation problem. The periodic traveling wave solutions then are obtained by the use of Liapunov-Schmidt method and a generalized implicit function theorem. The general result obtained has been applied to a non-local reaction-diffusion equation derived from an age-structured population model with a logistic type of birth function.  

van der Pol型时滞系统的两参数余维一Hopf分岔及其稳定性

研究具有三次非线性时滞项的ｖａｎ ｄｅｒ Ｐｏｌ型时滞系统随两参数（时滞量和增益系数）余维一Ｈｏｐｆ分岔，说明了线性化特性方程随两参数变化时的根的分布和Ｈｏｐｆ分岔存在性；通过构造中心流形并且使用范式方法确定出Ｈｏｐｆ分岔的方向以及周期解的稳定性；分析了时滞量对所论系统发生Ｈｏｐｆ分岔的影响。  

时滞对结构振动半主动控制效果的影响

应用磁流变阻尼器对结构振动进行控制，采用最优控制原理设计了控制器，给出在地震激励下结构半主动控制的仿真计算。研究了时滞对结构振动半主动控制效果的影响。数值结果表明：本文设计的半主动控制策略可有效地减小结构的振动响应，时滞对磁流变半主动控制效果随着时滞的增大而变差，但时滞不会导致该反馈控制系统的失稳。  

Periodic Response and Chaos in Nonlinear Systems with Parametric Excitation and Time Delay

In this paper, the periodic motions of a nonlinear system with quadratic,cubic, and parametrically excited stiffness terms and with time-delayterms are obtained by the incremental harmonic balance (IHB) method. Theelements of the Jacobian matrix and residue vector arising in the IHBformulation are derived in closed form. A mechanism model representingthe one-mode oscillation of beams and plates is considered as anexample. A path-following algorithm with an arc-length parametriccontinuation procedure is used to obtain the response diagrams. Thesystem also exhibits chaotic motion through a cascade of period-doublingbifurcations, which is characterized by phase planes, Poincaré sectionsand Lyapunov exponents. The interpolated cell mapping (ICM) procedure isused to obtain the initial condition map corresponding to multiplesteady-state solutions.  

The Response of a Parametrically Excited van der Pol Oscillator to a Time Delay State Feedback

We investigate the parametric resonance of a van der Pol oscillator under state feedback control with a time delay. Using the asymptotic perturbation method, we obtain two slow-flow equations on the amplitude and phase ofthe oscillator. Their fixed points correspond to a periodic motion forthe starting system and we show parametric excitation-response andfrequency-response curves. We analyze the effect of time delay andfeedback gains from the viewpoint of vibration control and use energyconsiderations to study the existence and characteristics of limit cycles of the slow-flow equations. A limit cycle corresponds to a two-periodmodulated motion for the van der Pol oscillator. Analytical results areverified with numerical simulations. In order to exclude the possibilityof quasi-periodic motion and to reduce the amplitude peak of theparametric resonance, we find the appropriate choices for the feedbackgains and the time delay.  

Stability in a model of a delayed neural network

The stability of the null solution in a system of coupled cells is investigated. Each cell evolves according to Hopfield's equation for an analog circuit, with a delay incorporated to account for finite switching speed of amplifiers. A necessary and sufficient condition on the connection matrix is obtained for delay-induced oscillations to be possible in a general (not necessarily symmetric) network.