自由活塞斯特林发动机活塞位移测量

自由活塞斯特林发动机活塞往复振动位移对研究发动机特性具有重要意义,然而该类发动机活塞位于高压封闭腔体内且结构较为紧凑,其活塞往复振动位移难于直接进行测量。加速度传感器具有尺寸小、安装方便和工作稳定等特点,提出了采用加速度传感器测量活塞位移的方法。根据加速度传感器测量位移的原理,建立了一套加速度传感器测量自由活塞斯特林发动机活塞位移的标定试验系统,以位移传感器为基准测试并分析了不同活塞振幅和不同振动频率下加速度传感器测量位移的误差大小。实验结果表明,在活塞振幅小于8 mm,振动频率大于20 Hz条件下,加速度传感器测量位移的误差小于5%。因此加速度传感器可以用于测量自由活塞斯特林发动机的活塞往复运动位移。最后成功把加速度传感器测量的自由活塞斯特林发动机活塞振动位移用于发动机循环指示功的实验研究。     

一种新型空气源高温热泵的热力学分析

本文提出了一种供热温度为80~100℃的新型空气源高温热泵循环(EIHP),该循环采用非共沸混合工质R290/R600a,利用内部自复叠技术和喷射器提升循环性能。针对EIHP循环建立了相应的热力学计算模型,并与传统热泵循环(CHP)进行了对比研究。根据计算结果,当冷凝器出口温度为100℃,蒸发器出口温度从25℃下降到-10℃时,相较于CHP循环,EIHP循环的COP提高了15%~27%,压缩机压比降低了20%~46%,容积制热量提高了22%~51%。此外,本文还研究了冷凝器出口温度,工质配比等参数对循环性能的影响情况。     

Quinazoline Derivatives Designed as Efflux Pump Inhibitors: Molecular Modeling and Spectroscopic Studies

Multidrug resistance of bacteria is a worrying concern in the therapeutic field and an alternative method to combat it is designing new efflux pump inhibitors (EPIs). This article presents a molecular study of two quinazoline derivatives, labelled BG1189 and BG1190, proposed as EPIs. In silico approach investigates the pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic profile of BG1189 and BG1190 quinazolines. Molecular docking and predicted ADMET features suggest that BG1189 and BG1190 may represent attractive candidates as antimicrobial drugs. UV-Vis absorption spectroscopy was employed to study the time stability of quinazoline solutions in water or in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), in constant environmental conditions, and to determine the influence of usual storage temperature, normal room lighting and laser radiation (photostability) on samples stability. The effects of irradiation on BG1189 and BG1190 molecules were also assessed through Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. FTIR spectra showed that laser radiation breaks some chemical bonds affecting the substituents and the quinazoline radical of the compounds.     

等熵轻质活塞风洞中活塞质量对匹配压力振荡的影响

等熵轻质活塞风洞的管道中被压缩的气体是作为实验段的气源，在实验阶段，要求其压力维持恒值，称此压力为匹配压力，这一条件只有在忽略活塞质量的理想情况下才可实现，本文研究在实际情况下，即考虑活塞质量时，质量对匹配压力振荡的影响，从而得出活塞质量的选择范围。     

Head-flow and npsh performance of an axial piston pump working with organic fluids at different temperatures

A modified version of the standard axial piston pump, normally used with fuels, has been tested with organic fluids R11 and R113. Head-flow characteristics, volumetric and global efficiency, and npsh curves, have been determined at different speeds and fluid temperatures and the results compared with those obtained with kerosene. Pump efficiencies remain satisfactory with high density, very low viscosity and high vapour pressure fluids. In the absence of cavitation, pump performance seems to be a function of kinematic viscosity, while the npsh curves appear to be a complex function of density, viscosity and vapour pressure     

锅炉给水泵转子动力学参数的一、二阶摄动识别研究

锅炉给水泵的临界转速是非常重要的参数,与结构密切相关。为了准确地计算出给水泵的干临界转速(在空气中)和湿临界转速(在水中),必须知道转轴上的零部件对其弯曲刚度的加强作用。本文利用摄动传递矩阵法,结合实验室的试验数据,对某电站锅炉给水泵转子的动力学参数进行了一阶和二阶摄动识别。给出了给水泵转子上的热装叶轮、轴套对转子刚度产生加强作用的一、二阶摄动识别结果,得到了修正的给水泵转子系统动力学计算模型。由修正模型计算得到的转子系统固有频率与实测的转子系统固有频率吻合良好。指出一阶摄动识别的结果可以满足工程实际的精度要求。     

空气源热泵机组结霜问题的实验分析

基于空气源热泵在低温寒冷地区运行中遇到的结霜问题,对不同风速工况下,结霜过程中设备性能的变化进行分析,以换热量、换热系数为指标对不同翅型换热器的换热特性进行研究。实验结果显示:换热器结霜过程中,换热过程主要分为初始增加段、换热平稳段、缓慢衰减段、后期平稳等四段,结晶体在增加空气湍流度强化换热的同时,也增加了换热热阻使换热效果变差,因此换热效果本质而言是两种换热效果的综合体现;空气阻力随风速的增大、结霜量的增加而增大,而蒸发压力随着风速的增加而升高、随结霜量的增大而减小;百叶窗翅片表面结霜量大于平翅片,因此平翅片翅型当量换热系数更大,翅片结霜量、当量换热系数随风速的增加而增大,风速由1 m/s增至4 m/s时,结霜量、当量换热系数增加约三倍。     

关于吸收式碳捕集热力学机制的探索

热再生吸收式碳捕集的传统认识难以揭示其热力学机制,一种新的认识是"热-化学能"转换中存在中间能量形式。本文从热力学碳泵概念出发,对吸收式碳捕集理想系统进行了解耦,其可视为"热机-碳泵"的热力学组合,探索了极限效率的表达,并采用第二定律效率作为评价参数对已有中试试验系统进行了性能水平探索。结果表明,理想循环性能系数仅取决于热源汇温度、碳源汇浓度;中试系统第二定律效率普遍低于20%。本文探索了热驱动的吸收式碳捕集热力学机制,为新型吸收剂设计提供了新思路。     

A High‐Efficiency All‐Fiber Laser Operated in High‐Order Mode using Ring‐Core Yb‐Doped Fiber

An all‐fiber laser generating a cylindrical vector beam is proposed and demonstrated using a home‐made ring‐core Yb‐doped fiber (RC‐YDF). In the RC‐YDF, not only annular doping but also ring‐type beam pump is realized. This is believed to be the first report describing the realization of annular doping and ring‐type beam pump in active fiber simultaneously, which can enhance the efficiency for high‐order mode oscillation. This laser operates in the high‐order mode stably with a slope efficiency of as high as 55.7%. Cylindrical vector modes can be obtained easily through adjusting the polarization controller. This work may have great potential for providing high‐efficiency and high‐power cylindrical vector beam and vortex beam sources.     

摩擦磨损试验机模拟活塞环-缸套摩擦行为的功能开发

参考活塞环-缸套的实际运行条件，结合SRV-4摩擦磨损试验机自身的性能特点和工作原理，通过开发设计，增加合理的硬件及软件测试条件，实现摩擦磨损试验机模拟活塞环-缸套摩擦行为的功能.系统测试结果表明：功能开发后的摩擦磨损试验机可在较短时间内获得活塞环-缸套摩擦副性能优劣的试验数据，满足快速、直观评价活塞环-缸套的摩擦磨损性能的需要，在活塞环-缸套摩擦副研究中具有重要的应用价值.