首页 | 本学科首页   官方微博 | 高级检索  
文章检索
  按 检索   检索词:      
出版年份:   被引次数:   他引次数: 提示:输入*表示无穷大
  收费全文   7161篇
  免费   639篇
  国内免费   939篇
化学   2826篇
晶体学   27篇
力学   578篇
综合类   114篇
数学   3986篇
物理学   1208篇
  2024年   5篇
  2023年   86篇
  2022年   86篇
  2021年   143篇
  2020年   197篇
  2019年   204篇
  2018年   187篇
  2017年   198篇
  2016年   238篇
  2015年   199篇
  2014年   339篇
  2013年   574篇
  2012年   326篇
  2011年   373篇
  2010年   318篇
  2009年   458篇
  2008年   494篇
  2007年   508篇
  2006年   501篇
  2005年   393篇
  2004年   375篇
  2003年   335篇
  2002年   299篇
  2001年   282篇
  2000年   283篇
  1999年   190篇
  1998年   160篇
  1997年   166篇
  1996年   141篇
  1995年   132篇
  1994年   102篇
  1993年   83篇
  1992年   70篇
  1991年   50篇
  1990年   39篇
  1989年   23篇
  1988年   24篇
  1987年   29篇
  1986年   25篇
  1985年   18篇
  1984年   21篇
  1983年   8篇
  1982年   5篇
  1981年   9篇
  1980年   9篇
  1979年   9篇
  1978年   8篇
  1977年   4篇
  1976年   6篇
  1957年   2篇
排序方式: 共有8739条查询结果,搜索用时 78 毫秒
1.
As a representative of traditionally fermented Chinese medicine, Massa Medicata Fermentata (MMF) shows the functions of invigorating the spleen and stomach and promoting digestion, which plays an important role in the treatment of gastrointestinal diseases. The fermentation mechanism and the key factors that affect the quality of MMF have not been revealed yet, which has become an urgent issue that limits its clinical application. This article aims to systematically and comprehensively reveal the transformation of physical properties and the dynamic trend of chemical components including substrate components, volatile components, and lactic acid as anaerobic fermentation product during MMF fermentation. Along with obvious hyphae growth observed for MMF, the weight of MMF decreased, and the moisture and temperature increased. Through the quantified 14 components from substrate, ferulic acid increased from 45.53 ± 6.94 to 141.89 ± 78.40 μg/g, while glycosides and phenolic acids declined except caffeic acid. Also, within the 66 volatile components analyzed, alcohols and acids increased, while aldehydes and ketones decreased. Lactic acid was not detected in the fermentation substrate, but an apparent increase in lactic acid content was observed along with the increased fermentation days, resulting in 2.54 ± 0.15 mg/g on day 8. Based on the tested components, the fermentation process of MMF was discriminated into three distinct stages by principal component analysis, and an optimal fermentation time of four days was proposed. The results of this study will be of great significance to clarify the characteristics of fermentation and conduce to improving quality standards of MMF.  相似文献   
2.
高超飞行器在中低空以极高马赫数飞行时, 飞行器表面会遇到湍流与高温非平衡效应耦合作用的新问题. 这种高焓湍流边界层壁面摩阻产生机制是新型高超声速飞行器所关注的基础科学问题, 厘清此产生机制可以为减阻方法的设计提供指导, 具有重要的工程实用价值. 本文选取高超声速飞行时楔形体头部斜激波后的高焓流动状态, 开展了考虑高温非平衡效应的湍流边界层直接数值模拟研究, 并设置同等边界层参数下的低焓完全气体湍流边界层流动作为对比, 采用RD (Renard & Deck)分解技术研究了高焓湍流边界层摩阻的主要产生机制, 对摩阻产生的主要贡献项积分函数分布进行了详细分析, 研究了高温非平衡效应对摩阻产生的影响规律; 采用象限分析技术, 研究了摩阻分解湍动能生成项的主导流动事件. 计算结果表明, 高温非平衡效应会使得壁面摩阻脉动条带的流向和展向尺寸均减小. 分子黏性耗散项和湍动能生成项是高焓湍流边界层摩阻生成的主要流动过程. 分子黏性耗散项主要作用在近壁区, 高焓流动的分布与低焓流动存在差异. 象限分析表明, 上抛和下扫运动是影响摩阻分解中湍动能生成项的主导事件.   相似文献   
3.
曾彦  梁浩  管诗雪  王俊普  梁文嘉  黄梦阳  彭放 《中国物理 B》2022,31(1):16104-016104
Structural stability in terms of the decomposition temperature in LiMn2O4 was systematically investigated by a series of high-temperature and high-pressure experiments.LiMn2O4 was found to have structural stability up to 5 GPa at room temperature.Under ambient pressure,the compound decomposed at 1300℃.The decomposition temperature decreased with increasing pressure,yielding more complex decomposed products.Below the decomposition temperature,the crystal structure of LiMn2O4 varied with pressure.The presented results in this study offer new insights into the thermal and pressure stability of LiMn2O4 materials as a cathode for lithium-ion batteries that can operate under extreme conditions.Therefore,these findings may serve as a useful guide for future work for improving lithium-ion batteries.  相似文献   
4.
为研究钢桁腹混凝土组合箱梁中PBL(Perfobond Leiste)节点的初始平动刚度及其影响因素,首先基于组件法,运用卡氏第二定理推导出考虑了开孔钢板与混凝土间的界面剪切力和混凝土榫贡献的PBL节点的初始平动刚度表达式,其次以某工程实例为背景,结合有限元模型验证所推公式的合理性;在此基础上分析了混凝土强度、腹杆直径、腹杆壁厚、开孔钢板开孔孔径和开孔钢板厚度等构造参数对初始平动刚度的影响,并利用正交分析法对以上5个参数进行优化组合。研究结果表明,本文方法计算的PBL节点初始平动刚度结果与有限元计算结果间的误差在8.0%以内;相较运用解三角形计算腹杆平动位移的方法,采用卡氏第二定理不仅可以简化计算,还可以减小解三角形过程中因多次计算变形带来的误差累积;腹杆刚度对PBL节点整体平动刚度的贡献最大,可达到82.5%;保持原设中的混凝土强度不变,将腹杆直径增加20 mm,将钢腹杆壁厚增加4 mm,将开孔钢板开孔孔径增加4 mm,将开孔钢板厚度增加4 mm,可以将PBL节点理论初始平动刚度提高约25.7%。  相似文献   
5.
三唑类含能配合物在含能材料领域受到广泛关注。利用溶液法合成了一例含能配合物[Cd (Hatzc)2(H2O)](LH1),其中H2atzc=3-羧基-5-氨基-1,2,4-三唑,并用X射线单晶衍射、元素分析、红外光谱等手段进行表征。单晶结构分析结果表明LH1属于单斜晶系,空间群为P21/n,呈一维链状结构,通过氢键相互作用形成三维超分子结构。LH1的爆速(D=10.4 km·s-1)、爆压(p=55.2 GPa)、爆轰能量(16.51 kJ·g-1)和密度(2.363 g·cm-3)均优于大多数含能配合物。撞击感度(>40 J)和摩擦感度(>360 N)表明LH1对撞击和摩擦的敏感性较低。高氯酸铵(AP)的催化热分解结果表明,在LH1的催化作用下,AP的高温分解峰提前38℃,释放的热量在较短的时间增加0.46 kJ·g-1,说明LH1对AP热分解具有良好的催化效果。  相似文献   
6.
The pivotal aim of the present work is to find the numerical solution for fractional Benney–Lin equation by using two efficient methods, called q ‐homotopy analysis transform method and fractional natural decomposition method. The considered equation exemplifies the long waves on the liquid films. Projected methods are distinct with solution procedure and they are modified with different transform algorithms. To illustrate the reliability and applicability of the considered solution procedures we consider eight special cases with different initial conditions. The fractional operator is considered in Caputo sense. The achieved results are drowned through two and three‐dimensional plots for different Brownian motions and classical order. The numerical simulations are presented to ensure the efficiency of considered techniques. The behavior of the obtained results for distinct fractional order is captured in the present framework. The outcomes of the present investigation show that, the considered schemes are efficient and powerful to solve nonlinear differential equations arise in science and technology.  相似文献   
7.
The reduction of high-dimensional systems to effective models on a smaller set of variables is an essential task in many areas of science. For stochastic dynamics governed by diffusion processes, a general procedure to find effective equations is the conditioning approach. In this paper, we are interested in the spectrum of the generator of the resulting effective dynamics, and how it compares to the spectrum of the full generator. We prove a new relative error bound in terms of the eigenfunction approximation error for reversible systems. We also present numerical examples indicating that, if Kramers–Moyal (KM) type approximations are used to compute the spectrum of the reduced generator, it seems largely insensitive to the time window used for the KM estimators. We analyze the implications of these observations for systems driven by underdamped Langevin dynamics, and show how meaningful effective dynamics can be defined in this setting.  相似文献   
8.
Yinlan lipid regulatory capsule (YL) is a composite traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) new drug to alleviate hyperlipidemia, while its therapeutic mechanism in vivo was not clarified with nontargeted metabolomics investigation. An animal model was established in rats fed a high-fat diet, and their body weights, body mass index (BMI) and blood cholesterol levels were measured. Serum, liver and kidney tissue samples were also extracted for PXR-CYP3A4-ABCB1-FXR signaling pathway research using PCR and UHPLC–MS. The obtained plasma samples were analyzed by UHPLC-Q-TOF-MS metabolomic investigation, which revealed PXR-CYP3A4-related metabolites and changes induced by YL. Finally, the key metabolites were chosen as index components, and their levels in the serum, liver, small intestine and bile were used for simultaneous UHPLC–MS-MS determination. The results indicated that YL was effective in rebalancing blood TG and TC levels (compared to controls). With respect to the PXR-CYP3A4-ABCB1 pathway, as a result of YL’s effect, gene expression or activity of the two targets decreased significantly in both the liver and kidney. The same trend was observed in the serum samples mentioned above. Metabolomics screening and data revealed that 44 metabolites can be regarded as biomarkers related to hyperlipidemia, fatty acids synthesis, and body energy consumption, as well as synthesis, transportation and exertion of cholesterol. YL’s treatment focused on 26 of them, primarily bile acids, indicating that the antihyperlipidemic effect of this drug lies in its inhibitory activity of cholesterol metabolism. Subsequent analysis of those in vivo components revealed that significant increases (compared to the model group) occurred in the blood, liver, small intestine and bile in groups that received medium and high doses of YL (while the low dose was relatively unchanged). Those target components exhibit a close relationship with PXR and/or CYP3A4. The use of YL repressed PXR expression and subsequently decreased CYP3A4 activity. As a result, synthesis of related bile acids increased, while cholesterol levels decreased, consequently leading to the attenuation of hyperlipidemia. This study comprehensively investigated the antihyperlipidemia mechanism of YL based on its repression of PXR-CYP3A4 activity and related metabolite yield, establishing an accurate method for evaluating the therapeutic effect of YL.  相似文献   
9.
工件的释放时间和加工时间具有一致性, 是指释放时间大的工件其加工时间不小于释放时间小的工件的加工时间, 即若$r_{i}\geq r_{j}$, 则$p_{i}\geq p_{j}$。本文在该一致性约束下, 研究最小化最大加权完工时间单机在线排序问题, 和最小化总加权完工时间单机在线排序问题, 并分别设计出$\frac{\sqrt{5}+1}{2}$-竞争的最好可能在线算法。  相似文献   
10.
设为首页 | 免责声明 | 关于勤云 | 加入收藏

Copyright©北京勤云科技发展有限公司  京ICP备09084417号