不同退火条件对PEALD制备的Ga2O3薄膜特性的影响

利用等离子增强原子层沉积技术(PEALD)在c面蓝宝石衬底上制备了氧化镓(Ga₂O₃)薄膜,研究了退火气氛(v(N₂)∶v(O₂)=1∶1(体积比)、空气和N₂)及退火时间对Ga₂O₃薄膜晶体结构、表面形貌和光学性质的影响。研究结果表明,退火前的氧化镓处于亚稳态,不同退火气氛下退火后晶体结构发生明显改变,而且退火气氛中N₂比例增加有利于Ga₂O₃重结晶。在N₂气氛下退火达到30 min,薄膜结构已由亚稳态转变成择优取向的β-Ga₂O₃。而且表面形貌分析表明,退火30 min后表面形貌开始趋于稳定,表面晶粒密度不再增加。另外实验样品在 400~800 nm的平均透射率几乎是100%,且光吸收边陡峭。采用N₂气氛退火,对于富氧环境下沉积的Ga₂O₃更利于薄膜表面原子迁移,以及择优取向Ga₂O₃重结晶。     

Guidelines for tuning the macropore structure of monolithic columns for high‐performance liquid chromatography

The ability to control the external porosity and to tune the dimensions of the macropore size on multiple length scales provides the possibility of tailoring the monolithic support structure towards separation performance. This paper discusses the properties of conventional polymer–monolithic stationary phases and its limitations regarding the effects of morphology on kinetic performance. Furthermore, guidelines to improve the macropore structure are discussed. The optimal monolithic macropore structure is characterized by high external porosity (while maintaining ultra‐high‐pressure stability), high structure homogeneity, polymer globule clusters in the submicron range, and macropores with a diameter tuned toward speed (small diameter in the 100–500 nm range using short beds) or efficiency (larger macropores in the range of 500 nm–1 μm allowing the use of longer column formats). Finally, promising approaches to control the morphology are discussed.     

Structure and Mechanical Stability of Epoxy Modified Polyurethane Foam Under Heat and Stress

A series of phenolic epoxy resin (PEP) modified polyurethane foams (PUF) were prepared via an in-situ polymerization, one step process. It was found that the epoxy modified PUF foam exhibited a perforated network structure with larger cell size, higher open cell porosity and enhanced ovality compared with pure PUF. With increasing content of PEP, the tensile strength, elongation at break and low temperature modulus of PUF decreased. A single T_g was observed for PEP modified PUF, indicating that the two component phases of the polyurethane-epoxy were miscible. With increasing PEP content, the T_g of PUF shifted slightly to higher temperature, tan δ_max dropped to lower values, and the retention value of the storage modulus at ?20 and ?10?°C increased. For pure PUF, the cell walls degraded and the structure became disordered after aging under heat and stress, while for PUF/20wt%PEP, the degradation degree was obviously reduced, and an orientation of the cells along the stress direction and a density increase was observed. During aging at 200?°C, the retention of the mechanical properties of PUF/20wt% PEP was much higher than that of pure PUF, and it showed superior stability under heat and stress, attributed to incorporation of the thermally resistant oxazolidone rings and benzene rings in the PU backbones, the highly cross-linked networks of the polyurethane-epoxy systems and the obvious orientation of the cells under stress.     

融合形态学连通域和CV模型的民族服饰图案纹样元素分割方法

对民族服饰图案进行自动分割以提取图案纹样元素，是民族服饰图案素材库构建急需解决的难题。通过融合形态学连通域标记和CV模型（MCC-CV），提出了一种民族服饰图案自动分割方法，首先对民族服饰图案进行预处理，然后采用形态学连通域标记算法获得待分割目标的位置和大致轮廓信息，对CV模型进行初始化，最后通过CV模型对不同分割目标进行边缘追踪，以实现民族服饰图案纹样元素的自动分割。实验表明，融合形态学连通域和CV模型的民族服饰图案纹样元素自动分割方法在边界召回率（BR）为0.5时，分割准确率为60%，与其他自动分割算法相比，该算法更为有效，满足了民族服饰图案素材库建设对图案纹样元素分割的基本要求。     

旋涂法制备WO3薄膜电致变色性能

"智能窗"大规模推广顺应可持续发展潮流,三氧化钨(WO_3)是生产"智能窗"的一种重要电致变色材料,但调控WO_3薄膜电致变色性能机制仍待进一步研究。采用旋涂法制备WO_3薄膜,重点研究了溶液浓度和旋涂次数对调控WO_3薄膜电致变色性能的影响。通过表面轮廓仪测量薄膜厚度,X射线衍射(XRD)测量薄膜结晶情况,原子力显微镜(AFM)和扫描电子显微镜(SEM)分析薄膜表面形貌,光谱仪测量薄膜初始态、着色态和褪色态的透射率。实验结果表明,随着溶液浓度增加(0. 2～1. 0 mol/L),薄膜厚度从9. 7 nm增加到33. 3 nm,透射率调制能力从0%提升到37. 0%;多次旋涂薄膜厚度线性增长,线性拟合优度(R~2)达0. 98,5次旋涂后透射率调制能力达51. 3%。改变溶液浓度和旋涂次数都是调控薄膜透射率调制能力的有效手段,精准调控薄膜透射率调制能力对设计不同应用场景的电致变色器件具有重大意义。     

Behavior of poly(ε-caprolactone)-based diblock copolymers in a bulk state and in solution

Abstract

A series of amphiphilic MOPEO-b-PCL copolymers (DBCs), based on biocompatible methoxypoly(ethylene oxide) with M_n=4.5?kDa and poly(ε-caprolactone) of a variable chain length, was synthesized by an anionic ring-opening block copolymerization. The structural investigations, performed by DSC and WAXS methods, revealed the microphase separation in DBC bulk structure and the existence of separate amorphous regions and microcrystalline domains of MOPEO and PCL blocks. Spectrophotometry and SLS were used to study the self-assembling of DBC macromolecules in selective dioxane/aqueous solution and to determine the main micellization parameters (CMC and -ΔG°). The DBC micelles morphology and their specific aggregation in mixed solvent were shown.     

Ultrasound irradiation effect on morphological and adsorptive properties of a nanoscale 3D Zn-coordination polymer and derived oxide

In this work, Zn-based coordination polymer [Zn₂(1,3-bdc)bzim₂]_n was successfully synthesized by the sonochemical method using a 13 mm probe-type ultrasound operating at 20 kHz and amplitudes of 30, 40 and 50% corresponding to an acoustic power of 5.5, 8.6, and 10.3 W, respectively. Additionally, a sample was prepared by the slow-diffusion method for comparison. The samples were characterized by FTIR, PXRD, SEM, and BET techniques. The influence of the time and sonication amplitude on the yield of the reaction, crystallite size, and morphology were also studied. It was found that the sonochemical method provided the desired product in 83.9% within 20 min of sonication using the highest level of sonication amplitude. Moreover, this approach resulted in regular, controlled morphology, smaller particles, and higher surface area of the Zn-sample and derived oxide, than the slow diffusion method. The samples prepared by different methodologies were tested for the adsorption of BTEX (benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylenes) components in six different systems, and the uptakes were quantified by ¹³C NMR spectroscopy. Both samples showed excellent adsorption of benzene, 119.8 mmol/g, and 88.1 mmol/g, for the coordination polymers prepared via the sonochemical and slow-diffusion methods, respectively, corresponding to 63.9%, and 46.9%. These results are in agreement with the non-polar surface of these samples.     

溶剂去除速度对于溶剂退火薄膜相形貌的影响

以聚苯乙烯-聚4-乙烯基吡啶(PS-b-P4VP)嵌段共聚物作为研究对象,采用DMF作为退火溶剂,以原子力显微镜(AFM)和透射电子显微镜(TEM)为表征手段,研究了溶剂退火后期溶胀薄膜中溶剂的去除速度对于薄膜相形貌的影响,发现通过改变溶剂去除速度可以有效的调控薄膜中的形貌.当薄膜厚度为35 nm时,DMF的快速挥发会导致薄膜中形成以PS为分散相的反转柱状相结构,当降低溶剂的挥发速度时,薄膜中形成了以PS为分散相的环状形貌,当进一步减缓挥发速度时,薄膜中将形成台阶状的片层结构;然而当薄膜厚度为55 nm时,溶剂退火后期薄膜中形成的是以P4VP为分散相的正常柱状相结构,在相同溶剂去除速度条件下薄膜相形貌变化较小.     

From superhydrophobic‐ to superhydrophilic‐patterned poly(vinylidene fluoride‐co‐chlorotrifluoroethylene) architectures as a novel platform for biotechnological applications

The manufacture of three‐dimensional patterned electroactive poly(vinylidene fluoride‐co‐chlorotrifluoroethylene) microstructures with tailored architecture, morphology, and wettability is presented. The patterned microstructures are fabricated using a simple, effective, low cost, and reproducible technique based on microfluidic technology. These novel structures can represent innovative platforms for advanced strategies in a wide range of biotechnological applications, including tissue engineering, drug delivery, microfluidic, and sensors and actuators devices. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part B: Polym. Phys. 2016 , 54, 1802–1810     

水热法制备二氧化钛微球的形貌控制及机理研究

以钛粉、Na OH和H2O2为原料,采用水热法成功制备出二氧化钛微球。利用X-射线粉末衍射仪(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和场发射扫描电镜(FESEM)对产物的结构、形貌和尺度进行了表征。结果表明,产物为金红石型Ti O2,微球的直径约为1~2μm,微球由许多纳米管组成。根据实验结果,讨论了二氧化钛纳米管的生长机理,初步研究了双氧水用量,水热温度以及煅烧温度等对产物形貌形成的影响。