HL-2M偏滤器CFC/CuCrZr靶板的非晶钎焊工艺研究

在采用商用的STEMET-1101非晶钎料、温度为710~750°C的真空钎焊下，对CFC/OFC(氯氟烃/无氧铜)复合块与CuCrZr(铬锆铜)的钎焊进行了研究。首先，通过X-射线衍射(XRD)和差式扫描量热分析对钎料的结构和熔化行为进行了表征；然后，通过光学显微镜、电子探针微分析和拉伸试验等方法对焊缝的组织形貌、元素成分分布、相结构和力学性能进行了分析；最后，通过高热负荷装置对CFC/OFC/CuCrZr钎焊模块的热疲劳性能进行测试。结果表明，在710~750°C钎焊温度内焊缝由Cu固溶体、(Cu, Ni)3P和Ni(Cu ,Cr)2P金属间化合物组成，焊缝平整无裂纹；特别是在750°C/15min情况下，抑制了焊缝金属间化合物的连续分布，OFC/CuCrZr的焊接强度大于OFC的抗拉强度，CuCrZr/CuCrZr的结合强度为210MPa，并呈现部分韧性断裂。在750°C/15min情况下制备的CFC/Cu/CuCrZr模块可以承受1000次7MW·m^-2的循环热负荷。     

Preparation of stable and superior flux GO/LDH/PDA‐based nanofiltration membranes through electrostatic self‐assembly for dye purification

Graphene oxide (GO) has triggered significant attention as a new type of self‐assembly membrane material. However, the low filtration flux and unstable performance of GO membrane limit its practical application. Hence, in this work, layered double hydroxides (LDHs), as a 2D material with double‐layer channel structure and positive electricity, were self‐assembled with GO at weight ratio of 7:3 by electrostatic interaction. Then, the GO/LDH hybrids combined with polydopamine (PDA) to obtain stable and high‐flux GO‐based membranes through vacuum filtration and the structure and morphology of as‐prepared samples were characterized by FT‐IR, XRD, XPS, and SEM. Furthermore, the separation performance and surface electronegativity of membranes were tested via pure water flux, rejection efficiency, recycle experiments, and zeta potential. Results revealed that the stability and flux of composite membrane were enhanced significantly compared with neat GO‐based membrane. Further, the dye rejection rate of methylene blue (MB) is higher than Congo red (CR) and rhodamine B (Rh B) and reached to 99.8%.     

Bicomponent Cocatalyst Decoration on Flux-assisted CaTaO2N Single Crystals for Photocatalytic CO2 Reduction under Visible Light

Cubic-like CaTaO₂N photocatalysts with high crystallinity and uniform particle size were successfully prepared by the flux-assisted nitridation method. The growth of CaTaO₂N single crystals under different synthesis conditions was systematically investigated to understand the effects of the crystallinity and optical property on photocatalytic performance of CO₂ reduction. Moreover, the modification of CaTaO₂N single crystals with core-shell Ni−Ag bicomponent cocatalyst by two-step decoration process gave a 2.4 times higher amount of CO evolution than the deposition of sole Ag cocatalyst, because of the synergistic effects of bicomponent cocatalyst on the interfacial electron transfer and surface catalytic process. This study provides a valuable way to construct high-crystalline photocatalysts with effective bicomponent cocatalyst for visible-light-driven CO₂ reduction with H₂O.     

类 ITER 偏滤器瓦片表面热流沉积的粒子模拟

使用热侵蚀沉积粒子程序(HEDPIC)模拟了由小块沿环向表面倾斜的瓦片组成类 ITER 偏滤器的极向 缝隙附近瓦片表面的热流密度分布，研究了不同倾斜高度对热流密度分布的影响。研究结果表明，当瓦片设置成 合适的倾斜角度时，瓦片上表面靠近缝隙附近的电子热通量为零；离子热流密度小于上表面远离缝隙的热流密度， 棱边处热流密度过高的问题得到解决。      

A mode parabolic equation method in the case of the resonant mode interaction

A mode parabolic equation method for resonantly interacting modes has been developed. The method ensures acoustic energy flux conservation in accord with multiple scaled analysis accuracy. We carried out testing calculations for the ASA wedge benchmark, that showed excellent agreement with the COUPLE program.     

Assessment of the performances of sub-grid scalar flux models for premixed flames with different global Lewis numbers: A Direct Numerical Simulation analysis

The statistical behaviours of sub-grid flux of reaction progress variable has been assessed for premixed turbulent flames with global Lewis number Le (=thermal diffusivity/mass diffusivity) ranging from 0.34 to 1.2 using a Direct Numerical Simulation (DNS) database of freely propagating statistically planar flames. It is known that the sub-grid scalar flux shows counter-gradient transport when the velocity jump across the flame due to heat release overcomes the effects of turbulent velocity fluctuation. The results show that the sub-grid scalar flux components exhibit counter-gradient transport for all cases considered here. The extent of counter-gradient transport increases with increasing filter width Δ and decreasing value of Le. This is due to the fact that flames with Le ≪ 1 (e.g. Le = 0.34) exhibit thermo-diffusive instabilities, which in turn increases the extent of counter-gradient transport. The effects of heat release and flame normal acceleration weaken with increasing Le. Several established algebraic models have been assessed in comparison to the sub-grid scalar flux components extracted from explicitly filtered DNS data in terms of their correlation coefficients at the vector level and their mean variation conditional on the Favre-filtered progress variable. The gradient transport closure does neither capture the quantitative nor the qualitative behaviour of the different sub-grid scalar flux components for all filter widths in all cases considered here. Models which account for local flame normal acceleration perform better, especially when the flame remains completely unresolved. In particular those models that account for the alignment of local resolved velocity and scalar gradients by using a tensor diffusivity, perform relatively better than the other alternative models irrespective of Le.     

一种限制周期气固两相流直接数值模拟中整体质量流率的新方法

全周期边界条件的气固两相流系统是研究气固相互作用的一个常用计算模型。为平衡周期气固系统在流向上的受力,常对系统施加平衡系统总重力的固定压力梯度,但由于数值误差的影响,这种固定压力梯度的方法会使得气固系统整体不断加速进而导致模拟失真。为了降低系统质心加速度的影响,本文先后采用了前人提出的固定整体质量流率方法和本文提出的压力梯度后验修正方法,并对两种方法的模拟结果进行了对比。     

1.3 GHz超导腔磁通排出效应研究

设计并搭建了一套高精度的磁场测量和补偿系统,并结合中国科学院高能物理研究所(IHEP)的2K超导腔垂直测试平台对1.3 GHz单加速间隙超导腔的磁通排出效应开展了实验研究:利用研制的磁场测量和补偿系统能够精密地测量超导腔赤道位置磁场,并能够将磁场补偿至小于5.0×10-8 T;并对超导腔不同表面温度梯度下的磁通排出效应进行了测量分析;对钉扎了磁场的超导腔进行了射频性能测试,研究了超导腔电阻对磁通钉扎的敏感度,以及在不同电场梯度下超导腔的表面电阻变化情况。结果表明,研制的高精度磁场测量和补偿系统能够满足超导腔磁通排出研究的需求;高的超导腔表面温度梯度有利于磁通的排出;磁通钉扎电阻的敏感度随着加速电场梯度的增加而增大,导致超导腔的性能下降。此实验研究也为后续超导腔的研制奠定了一定基础。     

Anisotropic phononic crystal structure with low-frequency bandgap and heat flux manipulation

This study presents a two-dimensional phononic crystal with heat flux manipulation and wide bandgaps of out-of-plane modes within the low-frequency range. The anisotropic matrix made of spiral-multilayered materials with different thermal conductivities, and the coating layer inserted with metal are designed for heat flux manipulation. Rubber-coated metal cylinders are periodically embedded in the anisotropic matrix to obtain the low-frequency bandgaps of out-of-plane modes. Numerical simulation is carried out to validate the heat and elastic characteristics of the spiral-multilayered anisotropic structure and reveal the effects of the laying angle and temperature on the bandgaps. Subsequently, a spiral-multilayered plate with periodic structures is studied, which shows an obvious vibration attenuation in the frequency ranges of the bandgaps and a deflected heat flux from the initial propagation direction. In the experimental investigation, the multi-phase spiral-multilayered anisotropic plate is simplified to a single-phase anisotropic plate made of aluminum. The characteristics of this type of anisotropic phononic crystal structure may pave the way for the design of a new kind of thermo-acoustic metamaterial serving in combined thermal and acoustic environments.     

基于平面通量展开的三维Pin by Pin输运SP3计算

基于Pin by Pin输运SP₃计算是下一代反应堆物理计算方法中一个重要的研究方向。节块法一般采用高阶通量和中子源展开以适应较大的节块尺寸，因此对于Pin by Pin计算来说效率偏低。由于反应堆堆芯不均匀性更多发生在径向，本文提出一种径向基于二维平面通量展开结合轴向常规节块法的综合方法进行三维Pin by Pin输运SP₃计算，其三个方向的节块耦合迭代均采用基于中子净流耦合的格式。通过IAEA 2D/3D基准问题和典型输运基准问题计算，验证该计算方法对于堆芯扩散计算和输运计算的正确性和可行性。