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1.
One of the most common problems in wounds is delayed healing and complications such as infection. Therefore, the need for novel materials accelerates the healing of wounds especially abdominal wounds after surgery besides high efficiency and safety is mandatory. The rate of wound healing, anti-inflammatory and biocompatibility of Zn-Al LDH (Zn-Al layer double hydroxide) alone and loaded with Curcumin (Zn-Al LDH/Curcumin) was screened via in-vivo assays through intramuscular implantation in rat abdominal wall with intact peritoneum cavity. The implanted drugs were formed through Curcumin loaded into LDH of Zn-Al with drug release of 56.78 ± 1.51% within 24 h. The synthesized nanocomposite was characterized by (TGA/DTA) thermal analysis, (XRD) X-ray diffraction, (FESEM) Field emission scanning electron microscopy, (HRTEM) high resolution transmission electron microscope, energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) and low-temperature N2 adsorption, pore volume and average pore size distribution. The integrity of blood circulation, inflammatory signs, wound healing rate, capacity of tissue integration, antigenicity and composite biocompatibility, auto fluorescence ability of collagen bundles and the tensile strength of the muscle were assessed histopathologically after 7 and 30 days’ post-implantation. Excellent wound healing ability was achieved with shortest length between the wound gap edges and higher tensile strength of the muscle. Besides emit florescence very well followed by good healing and tensile muscles strength in Curcumin while very low strength with scar formation in Zn-Al LDH/Curcumin in both acute and chronic wound. No signs of inflammation in Curcumin & Zn-Al LDH. No vessels obstruction or bleeding observed in both Zn-Al LDH and Curcumin more than Zn-Al LDH/Curcumin and control which examined through candling. Good healing & infiltrated immune cells in same groups through histopathological examination. This work supports the anti-inflammatory, wound healing and biocompatibility of both LDH and Curcumin with living matter, increasing their biomedical applications in this era with safety and increasing efficacy with prolonged drug release.  相似文献   
2.
Multivalent ion storage and aqueous electrochemical systems continue to build interest for energy application. The Zn-ion system with 2 electron transfer and an ideal metal anode is a strong candidate but is still at the early stage of development. Using both in situ near-edge (XANES) and X-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy, EXAFS, a nanostructured cathode material, CaxV2O5-H2O (CVO), was probed at the V-K absorption edge. This operando study reveals the local electronic and geometric structure changes for CVO during galvanostatic cycling as the active material in an aqueous Zn-ion cell. The XANES data provides a fine resolution to track the evolution of the vanadium oxidative state and near-neighbor coordination sphere showing subtle shifts and delocalized charge. The Zn-ion influence on the V-K absorption edge is visualized using a difference technique called Δμ. Coupled with theoretical calculations and modelling, the extended region extracted local bonding information further confirms excellent electronic and structural reversibility of this vanadium oxide bronze in an aqueous Zn-ion electrochemical cell.  相似文献   
3.
The features of rock-forming elements determination in powder samples of peat sediments are considered. Based on theoretical calculations and experimental data, the mineralogical and particle size effects on the X-ray fluorescence intensity have been estimated. For routine analysis, powder rock samples are usually milled to a particle size of 10–60 μm. Theoretically, estimated variations of rock-forming elements analytical lines intensities in different minerals are up to 30%, and the particle size effect cannot be eliminated simultaneously for all rock-forming elements. Experimental estimation shows that the impossibility of the particle size distribution control can lead to significant variations in the intensities of the analytical lines (3%–18%) that is mainly corresponding to theoretical estimation. Fine milling allowed us to achieve an average particle size of fewer than 20 μm and reduce the measurement uncertainty by 1.5–2 times. 12 samples of peat sediments with organic matter content up to 70 wt% were analyzed by X-ray fluorescence analysis using different sample preparation techniques, as well as by certified methods. The accuracy of X-ray fluorescence analysis of peat sediments prepared as pressed pellets varies from 1.5 to 11 rel% depending on compound contents. It is more than for samples prepared as fused beads, however, the proposed method can be used to determine the variations of rock-forming elements contents in peat sediments where the content variations exceed the measurement uncertainty, and accuracy of analysis is sufficient for further paleoecological reconstructions.  相似文献   
4.
微区X射线荧光(Micro-XRF)分析技术是通过微小的X射线光束照射样品,对样品进行原位成分观测的无损分析手段之一,具有灵敏度高、速度快和准确性高的特点。采用微区X射线荧光光谱仪(M6 JETSTREAM)对安徽铜陵冬瓜山铜矿床四段岩心样品进行面扫描,分析不同矿层共17种元素区域分布特征、空间分布规律及组合关系等,结果表明:(1)Cu和Fe两种成矿元素高值空间分布区域基本不重叠,S与Fe分布范围高度重叠,关系密切,微量元素Ni,Bi,Pb,Zn,Si,Na与Cu密切相关,而Ti,Al,K与Fe具有弱相关性;(2)垂向上,Fe元素含量随深度增加逐步增大,而Cu元素含量呈降低趋势,其他元素也随深度呈下降趋势;(3)元素分布受石炭纪中期海底喷流沉积成矿作用和岩浆热液成矿作用叠加改造作用明显;(4)该钻孔矿石矿物以磁黄铁矿、黄铜矿和黄铁矿为主,垂向上组合规律明显,脉石矿物以石英、石榴子石和透辉石为主。该技术通过分析元素空间分布规律、相关性以及矿物组合和分配关系等可对元素富集和运移以及对矿床的成矿机制、成因模式等地质环境和地质过程提供新认识和新证据。结合矿床地球化学特征的分布模式,微量元素可作为寻找主矿种的指示元素,为深部找矿提供依据。此外,该技术能作为预分析技术快速筛选出感兴趣的信息和位置,为后期各种更高精度的微区分析提供不同尺度、不同层次的元素分布信息。  相似文献   
5.
As the application of electrocatalyst continues to expand, envisaging the hidden mechanisms occurring at various length scale affecting the catalytic efficiency became important. To enhance the stability of electrocatalyst and reduce the cost, it is of paramount importance to reveal the active site's dynamics (using in situ techniques for getting the real-time information) which directly affect the reactions such as oxygen evolution reaction, hydrogen evolution reaction, and so on. Since such reactions are crucial for many engineering and scientific applications, in situ characterization techniques are required, which could capture such reactions happening at a different length and time scale. This article analyzes the recent progress made in the field of electrocatalyst's characterization using in situ neutron techniques. The article also paves the future path and has delineated the future challenges involved in multiscale correlative techniques (e.g., neutron techniques in the combination of synchrotron or microscopic techniques) used for getting the multiscale (atomic to micrometer range) mechanistic information about the electrocatalyst's working and degradation.  相似文献   
6.
红绿彩瓷器是我国陶瓷史上一种重要的釉上彩瓷器,分析其彩料的化学组成和物相结构对其烧制工艺的研究有很重要的意义。但由于瓷器表面的不平整和彩料分布的不均匀性,导致其不满足传统的1 mm×10 mm线光源的X射线衍射仪对样品的测试要求。而毛细管聚焦的X射线衍射仪采用点光源的方式照射样品,毛细管X光透镜对Cu-Kα的能量有高达3个数量级的放大倍数,同时具有低的发散度,能实现样品直径100 μm的微区和直径3 mm的常规X射线衍射分析,非常适合古陶瓷类样品矿物结构的无损分析的研究。因此,应用毛细管聚焦的微束X射线荧光谱仪和毛细管聚焦的X射线衍射谱仪对江西景德镇出土的清代红绿彩瓷的白釉和釉上彩料的化学成分和物相结构进行分析,并对红绿彩瓷彩料中2 mm×2 mm感兴趣区域内多元素分布和矿物相的分布进行了二维扫描分析。结果表明,Cu为绿彩的主要着色元素,在绿彩中的含量为0.02%,部分以Pb8Cu(Si2O7)3(PDF 31-0464)晶相形式存在;Fe为红彩的主要着色元素,Fe含量为1.63%,部分Fe元素以Fe2O3(PDF 47-1409)的晶相形式存在;其中Pb在绿彩和红彩中的含量分别为41.49%和6.29%,其主要作用是使彩料的熔点降低,部分Pb在700~800 ℃的烧制过程中与Cu元素和Si元素相结合以Pb8Cu(Si2O7)3(PDF 31-0464)晶相形式存在。从扫描区域内的元素分布图和晶相分布图可以看出,彩料原料中着色元素Cu和Fe的矿物晶相与Cu和Fe的元素分布不一致,表明原料中原有的Cu和Fe的矿物晶相在烧制过程中基本上都消失了,仅剩余或生成部分Fe2O3晶相;白釉中存在莫来石晶相,说明白釉是在高温下烧制而成;其中Pb8Cu(Si2O7)3晶相的形成温度在750 ℃左右,因此可以进一步说明清代红绿彩的绿彩料是在低温下烧制而成。以上结果说明,毛细管聚焦的微束X射线荧光和毛细管聚焦的微束X射线衍射谱仪在文物的科技研究中有着重要的应用前景。  相似文献   
7.
随着激光和加速器技术的发展,激光场强度和粒子能量也有所提升,在高场强和高电子能量的条件下,电子与光子的汤姆孙散射过程将达到高度非线性状态,在这种状态下会发生多光子效应,即单个电子同时与多个光子相互作用并辐射一个高能光子,此过程通常称为多光子汤姆孙散射.当场强和粒子能量变得更高时,需要引入量子电动力学理论来解决极端光场物理中的动理学过程.近期,全球多台数拍瓦激光装置逐渐投入使用,激光等离子体相互作用中的此类效应会变得极其显著.而全光汤姆孙散射成为目前研究极端光场物理最佳的实验方案,因此,系统地研究全光多光子汤姆孙散射是本领域未来十年极其重要的方向.本文对近年来全光汤姆孙散射实验从单光子、低阶多光子到高阶多光子的研究进展进行了综述,并对其未来的发展方向进行了展望.另外,伴随着散射过程产生的准直高亮X/伽马射线,有望发展成为具有重要应用价值的紧凑型超亮高能光源.  相似文献   
8.
基于塑料闪烁体转换和光学条纹相机的方法建立了一套用于Z箍缩实验中的软X射线条纹图像诊断系统,解决了以往实验中使用的X射线条纹相机易被电磁环境干扰以及相机电极部件易被实验产生的高速粒子损伤的问题.诊断系统的光谱响应范围主要集中在0.2-10 keV,系统的空间分辨率经过理论评估小于120μm,通过标定闪烁体对X射线的时间响应特性给出了系统的时间分辨率约为1 ns.诊断系统拍摄到了铝丝阵内爆等离子体的一维空间和时间分辨的X射线条纹图像,给出了等离子体的内爆一致性和辐射均匀性等特征信息.  相似文献   
9.
The societal cost of micronutrient deficiency (MND) or the “hidden hunger” is in millions of dollars/year, reducing the GDP of some countries by as much as 11%. Zn is an important micronutrient for both plants and animals. An estimated 17% of the world population, or around 1.1 billion people, are at the risk of zinc (Zn) deficiency. The deficiency has been related to adverse pregnancy outcomes, stunted growth, premature deaths, immune system dysfunctions, neuro-behavioral disorders, and recently with the failure to recover from COVID-19. These health risks associated with Zn deficiency have compelled FAO and WHO to recommend Zn fortification of diet. Correcting Zn deficiency is a challenge due to several reasons. Close to half of the agricultural soils are Zn deficient, and chemical Zn fertilizers are costly and ineffective. Developing Zn-rich crops through plant breeding and genetic engineering is challenging. Zn-dense diet is costly and cannot be implemented in the low-income region most affected by Zn deficiency. Lack of consensus among regulatory bodies on defining and diagnosing Zn deficiency in plants and Humans. Awareness and other sociocultural issues. Among the most important available solutions are zinc biofortification of the cereal crops, use of zinc biofertilizers, development of Zn-efficient crops with reduced phytate content. The use of Zn supplements, dietary modification, and diversification, especially with fish, are proposed as the most accessible and affordable solutions. Awareness programs in areas suffering the most from Zn deficiency are required. Despite the suggestions from FAO and WHO, global efforts to combat Zn deficiency matching those for combating diseases like HIV are not in place. Coordinated efforts of the international community, especially policy-makers, agricultural scientists, dieticians, physicians, and others, are required to address the issue of hidden hunger.  相似文献   
10.
为了开发一种优异的用于光热治疗和光学相干层析成像的金纳米星诊疗剂,对金纳米星的制备、光热特性以及光热治疗和光学相干层析成像中的应用进行研究。利用尖端结构增强金纳米材料的局域表面等离子体共振特性,通过种子介导法制备了多枝化的金纳米星,多尖端的结构使其具有明显的光热效果,并探究了其作为光热治疗的诊疗剂和光学相干层析成像造影剂的效果。实验结果表明:多枝化的金纳米星诊疗剂相比于金纳米粒子具有较高的光热转换效率,达到42%;具有较好的生物兼容性,在100μg/mL浓度下,人乳腺癌细胞存活率为82%;而且具有较好的癌细胞光热治疗效果,在100μg/mL浓度下,经激光照射后,人乳腺癌细胞被有效杀死,其存活率降至37%;同时,金纳米星诊疗剂还具有较好的光学相干层析成像造影效果,可显著提高信号强度和造影深度。金纳米星诊疗剂既具有高效光热治疗能力,又具备优异光学相干层析成像造影成像能力,是一种非常有前景的多功能诊疗剂。  相似文献   
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