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1.
Propagation dynamics of the cosh-Airy vortex(CAiV) beams in a chiral medium is investigated analytically with Huygens–Fresnel diffraction integral formula. The results show that the CAiV beams are split into the left circularly polarized vortex(LCPV) beams and the right circularly polarized vortex(RCPV) beams with different propagation trajectories in the chiral medium. We mainly investigate the effect of the cosh parameter on the propagation process of the CAiV beams.The propagation characteristics, including intensity distribution, propagation trajectory, peak intensity, main lobe's intensity, Poynting vector, and angular momentum are discussed in detail. We find that the cosh parameter affects the intensity distribution of the CAiV beams but not its propagation trajectory. As the cosh parameter increases, the distribution areas of the LCPV and RCPV beams become wider, and the side lobe's intensity and peak intensity become larger. Besides, the main lobe's intensity of the LCPV and RCPV beams increase with the increase of the cosh parameter at a farther propagation distance, which is confirmed by the variation trend of the Poynting vector. It is significant that we can vary the cosh parameter to control the intensity distribution, main lobe's intensity, and peak intensity of the CAiV beams without changing the propagation trajectory. Our results may provide some support for applications of the CAiV beams in optical micromanipulation. 相似文献
2.
本文介绍F?(H2O)+CH3I→[FCH3I]?+H2O在交叉分子束碰撞能量0.3∽2.6 eV的配体交换动力学成像结果. 产物的动能受到弱键结合配合物的稳定性的影响,大量水分子的内部激发不利于中间物有效的能量重新分配,随着碰撞增加,低动能受到抑制. 在0.3 eV时,内部亲核取代非常重要,为形成I?和I?(H2O)的竞争性亲核取代途径提供了依据. 相似文献
3.
Carotenoids are essential pigments in natural photosynthesis. They absorb in the blue–green region of the solar spectrum and transfer the absorbed energy to (bacterio-)chlorophylls, and so expand the wavelength range of light that is able to drive photosynthesis. This process is an example of singlet–singlet energy transfer and so carotenoids serve to enhance the overall efficiency of photosynthetic light reactions. Carotenoids also act to protect photosynthetic organisms from the harmful effects of excess exposure to light. In this case, triplet–triplet energy transfer from (bacterio-)chlorophyll to carotenoid plays a key role in this photoprotective reaction. In the light-harvesting pigment–protein complexes from purple photosynthetic bacteria and chlorophytes, carotenoids have an additional role, namely the structural stabilization of those complexes. In this article we review what is currently known about how carotenoids discharge these functions. The molecular architecture of photosynthetic systems will be outlined to provide a basis from which to describe the photochemistry of carotenoids, which underlies most of their important functions in photosynthesis. Then, the possibility to utilize the functions of carotenoids in artificial photosynthetic light-harvesting systems will be discussed. Some examples of the model systems are introduced. 相似文献
4.
Hechong Chen Zehong Liang Xinyue Wang Yong Zhang Lingling Shui Dongmei Deng 《Annalen der Physik》2023,535(1):2200375
By applying a virtual source method, the exact and the paraxial solutions of the Swallowtail beams (SBs) that are governed by the inhomogeneous Helmholtz equation are introduced. The paraxial SBs generated experimentally possess both self-accelerating and self-focusing features. The parameters controlling the field distributions are discussed in theory. From the spectral representation of the Swallowtail wave, in the appropriate limit, the first four terms of the nonparaxial correction series for the (1+2)-dimensional Swallowtail waves that simplify to the SBs are obtained. 相似文献
5.
Ahmad Fahim Habib Thomas Heinemann Grace G. Manahan Daniel Ullmann Paul Scherkl Alexander Knetsch Andrew Sutherland Andrew Beaton David Campbell Lorne Rutherford Lewis Boulton Alastair Nutter Adam Hewitt Alexander Dickson Oliver S. Karger Michael D. Litos Brendon D. O'Shea Gerard Andonian David L. Bruhwiler Georg Pretzler Thomas Wilson Zhengming Sheng Michael Stumpf Lars Reichwein Alexander Pukhov John R. Cary Mark J. Hogan Vitaly Yakimenko James B. Rosenzweig Bernhard Hidding 《Annalen der Physik》2023,535(10):2200655
Plasma wakefield accelerators offer accelerating and focusing electric fields three to four orders of magnitude larger than state-of-the-art radiofrequency cavity-based accelerators. Plasma photocathodes can release ultracold electron populations within such plasma waves and thus open a path toward tunable production of well-defined, compact electron beams with normalized emittance and brightness many orders of magnitude better than state-of-the-art. Such beams will have far-reaching impact for applications such as light sources, but also open up new vistas on high energy and high field physics. This paper reviews the innovation of plasma photocathodes, and reports on the experimental progress, challenges, and future prospects of the approach. Details of the proof-of-concept demonstration of a plasma photocathode in 90° geometry at SLAC FACET within the E-210: Trojan Horse program are described. Using this experience, alongside theoretical and simulation-supported advances, an outlook is given on future realizations of plasma photocathodes such as the upcoming E-310: Trojan Horse-II program at FACET-II with prospects toward excellent witness beam parameter quality, tunability, and stability. Future installations of plasma photocathodes also at compact, hybrid plasma wakefield accelerators, will then boost capacities and open up novel capabilities for experiments at the forefront of interaction of high brightness electron and photon beams. 相似文献
6.
Sijing Zhang Jialong Tu Qiaobin Huang Zihan Liu Dongdong Li Qiang Chen Dongmei Deng 《Annalen der Physik》2023,535(10):2300211
The propagation dynamics of finite-energy Swallowtail beams in a dynamic parabolic potential, including uniformly moving, accelerating, and oscillating potentials, are investigated. The strong influence of dynamic potentials on the propagation trajectory of Swallowtail beams is demonstrated and various effective manipulations of the beams, including trajectory control, are validated. The intensity and the focal position can also be affected. In addition, the extension to 2D scenarios is also presented. The results theoretically provide more diverse manipulation possibilities for Swallowtail beams, and thus may broaden their potential applications in trajectory and particle manipulation. 相似文献
7.
Experiments on crack identification in cantilever beams 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
In this paper we present an experimental investigation of the identification of crack location and size. By providing the
first three natural frequencies through vibration measurements, curves of crack equivalent stiffness versus crack location
are plotted, and the intersection of the three curves predicts the crack location and size. In the experiments, the cracked
specimens were made using a wire-cut electrical discharge machine, and the cantilever beams were excited next to the free
end by means of an impulse force hammer. In order to obtain the accurate natural frequencies from the transient signal measured,
the method of zoom fast Fourier transform is adopted to improve frequency resolution. From experimental results, it is observed
that the identification errors of crack location and size are less than 2% and 4%, respectively. The effectiveness of crack
identification through vibration measurements is verified. 相似文献
8.
????????????????????????? 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
摘 要:利用大型通用有限元软件ANSYS10.0,首先对钢筋混凝土试件梁采用了三维的建模方式,然后对其抗弯性能进行了非线性数值模拟,所模拟的量包括各临界荷载、挠度、应力分布、中和轴的移动等,模拟结果与实测值吻合得很好。该方法可以用来分析钢筋混凝土梁板构件的承载能力,也可以应用在某些院校的教学中。 相似文献
9.
等截面梁有限变形的传递函数增量算法 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:1
本文介绍了一种计算等截面梁有限变形的新方法-传递函数增量算法,它是一种半解析数值计算方法。此算法充分利用增量失空法Gauss求积公式计算非线性有限变形的特点,并将这些特点与传递函数方法,有效地结合起来,既避免了数值方法计算量大的困难,又使得求解高阶非线性微分方程的解析解成为可能,算例分析表明,这是一种易编程,计算量小,收敛快,求解精度高的行之有效的计算方法。 相似文献
10.
Samir AL-Sadder Raid A. Othman AL-Rawi 《Archive of Applied Mechanics (Ingenieur Archiv)》2006,75(8-9):459-473
An efficient scheme, called quasi-linearization finite differences, is developed for large-deflection analysis of prismatic
and non-prismatic slender cantilever beams subjected to various types of continuous and discontinuous external variable distributed
and concentrated loads in horizontal and vertical global directions. Simultaneous equations of highly nonlinear and linear
terms are obtained when casting the derived exact highly nonlinear governing differential equation using central finite differences
on the nodes along the beam. A quasi-linearization scheme is used to solve these equations based on successive corrections
of the nonlinear terms in the simultaneous equations. The nonlinear terms in the simultaneous equations are assumed constant
during each correction (iteration). Several representative numerical examples of prismatic and non-prismatic slender cantilever
beams with different loading conditions are analyzed to illustrate the merits of the adopted numerical scheme as well as its
validity, accuracy and efficiency. The results of the present scheme are checked using large-displacement finite element analysis
by the MSC/NASTRAN program. A comparison between the present secheme, MSC/NASTRAN and available results from the literature
reveals excellent agreement. The advantage of the new scheme is that the load can be applied in one step with few iterations
(3–6 iterations). 相似文献