Structure and Property Characterization of Oyster Shell Cementing Material

Oyster shell powder was used as the admixture of ordinary portland cement.The effects of different addition amounts and grinding ways on the strength and stability of cement mortar were discussed and proper addition amount of oyster shell powder was determined.The structure and property changes of cementing samples with different oyster shell powder contents were tested by XRD and SEM means.The results revealed that compressive and rupture strengths of the sample with 10% oyster shell powder was close to those of the original one without addition.Stability experiment showed that the sample prepared by pat method had smooth surface without crack and significant expansion or shrinkage after pre-curing and boiling,which indicated that cementing material dosed with oyster shell powder had fine stability.XRD and SEM observation showed that oyster shell independently exists in the cementing material.     

SiO2/炭泡沫和SiC/炭泡沫复合材料的制备及表征

对炭泡沫为支撑骨架的氧化硅气凝胶(SiO₂/炭泡沫)和碳化硅(SiC/炭泡沫)复合材料分别采用XRD、SEM、激光导热仪、万能力学试验机进行物相、微观结构、热学及力学性能方面的表征.结果表明:所制备的SiO₂/炭泡沫与原炭泡沫相比,具备更高的抗压强度(14.95 MPa)和更低的室温热导率(0.44 W·m^-1·K^-1).SiC/炭泡沫材料则保持了较高的抗压强度值(14.66 MPa),其在 1 200 ℃下具备极低的高温热导率(2.18W·m^-1·K^-1).热重分析表明,SiC/炭泡沫在氧化氛围中到610 ℃才发生质量的损失,而内部炭发生完全烧蚀的温度高达844 ℃,这表明该材料的抗氧化性能远好于纯的炭泡沫材料.     

新老混凝土粘结的抗压强度塑性极限分析

对新老混凝土粘结试块进行了抗压强度研究,发现新老混凝土粘结在竖向受压情况下,其抗压强度远低于整浇混凝土的抗压强度.因此,对新老混凝土粘结试块的竖向抗压强度进行相关理论分析,并根据试验,提出了新老混凝土粘结的受压破坏机构;又利用塑性极限分析中的上限定理,得到了新老混凝土粘结抗压强度的理论解.对比理论解与试验值,发现理论解高于试验值,在详细分析原因后,对理论解进行了相应修正.     

Dense packing properties of mineral admixtures in cementitious material

The effect of ultra-fine fly ash （UFFA）, steel slag （SS） and silica fume （SF） on packing density of binary, ternary and quaternary cementitious materials was studied in this paper in terms of minimum water requirement of cement. The influence of mineral admixtures on the relative density of pastes with low water/hinder ratios was analyzed and the relationship between paste density and compressive strength of the corresponding hardened mortars was discussed. The results indicate that the incorporation of mineral admixtures can effectively improve the packing density ofcementitious materials; the increase in packing density of a composite with incorporation of two or three kinds of mineral admixtures is even more obvious than that with only one mineral admixture. Moreover, an optimal amount of mineral admixture imparts to the mixture maximum packing density. The dense packing effect of a mineral admixture can increase the packing density of the resulting cementitious material and also the density of paste with low water/binder ratio, which evidently enhances the compressive strength of the hardened mortar.     

柯尔莫哥洛夫检验在混凝土强度检测中的应用

回弹法是检测混凝土强度的一种常用方法,回弹法的测量精度依赖于数据本身的真实性。本文提出了一种利用柯尔莫哥洛夫检验控制测量数据误差的方法。     

岩盐用作路基填料的力学性质试验

通过试验,研究了察尔汗岩盐用作路基填料的压实特性、抗压强度以及循环荷载下的变形性状。主要探讨了岩盐试样中细粒含量比例对试样压实特性的影响规律;天然岩盐抗压强度的大小分布,以及岩盐抗压强度与粒径、干密度、含水量的关系;交通循环荷载作用下,岩盐的动应变发展情况等。这些结论对盐湖公路建设具有一定的指导意义。     

羟丙基甲基纤维素作为水泥添加剂研究(四)

以萘磺酸甲醛缩合物为分散剂，水溶性羟丙基甲基纤维素衍生物为粘稠剂，研究了它们的混合物对混凝土材料的分散性与粘稠性及其它性能的影响，并探索了其作用机理。     

BEHAVIOR OF AIR-ENTRAINED CONCRETE AFTER FREEZE-THAW CYCLES

The experimental study of air-entrained concrete specimens subjected to different cycles of freeze-thaw was completed. The dynamic modulus of elasticity, weight loss, the cubic compressive strength, compressive strength, tensile strength and cleavage strength of air-entrained concrete were measured after 0, 100, 200, 300, 400 cycles of freeze-thaw. The experimental results showed that the dynamic modulus of elasticity and strength decreased as the freeze-thaw was repeated. The influences of freeze-thaw cycles on the mechanical properties, the dynamic modulus of elasticity and weight loss were analyzed according to the experimental results. It can serve as a reference for the maintenance, design and the life prediction of dams, hydraulic structures, offshore structures, concrete roads and bridges in northern cold regions.     

大尺寸系列孔隙度高强人造岩芯的研制

采用矾土、氧化铝与硬质碎瓷粒为骨料, 选用硅溶胶、高岭土、煅烧滑石和方解石组成的MgO-CaO-Al2O3-SiO2低共熔混合物作为晶界结合剂,以木屑和煤粉为造孔剂,利用浇注成型技术制备出大尺寸系列孔隙度高强人造岩芯.其主要技术指标为:尺寸:65mm×150mm,孔隙度:26.6～45.4%,抗压强度:37.5～51.1 MPa.同时,SEM测试发现岩芯中的气孔呈三维连通状分布,且直径在100μm以下的微孔居多.     

人造多晶冰抗压强度实验研究

对实验室制作的平均粒径为４ｍｍ的宏观各向同性粒状多晶冰，在冰温分别为－０．５、－２、－５和－１０℃及应变率分别为４．２×１０－４、５．５×１０－５、５．５×１０－６及３．５×１０－７ｓ－１下进行了单轴抗压强度实验。结果表明，极限抗压强度与负温和应变率的对数均呈正比例关系；在较高应变率下（４．２×１０－４ｓ－１），在－５℃时，出现韧脆性转折点。