可扩展多功能复合材料结构状态传感网络的设计与制作技术

先进复合材料的使用为大型工程结构减重、提高效能及降低运营成本提供了有效途径,由于设计、制造与检测技术的限制,复合材料的优越性能在大型结构上的应用还远没得以充分发挥。本文提出了一种与复合材料结构集成一体的可扩展多功能传感网络技术,形成复合材料结构多模式传感能力,使复合材料结构可以"感觉"和"思考"自身状态。为此,发展了在微观尺度上制作高密度电阻温度传感器、电阻应变片和PVDF压电薄膜传感器网络的新方法,利用可扩展的传感器网络搭载层实现了多功能传感器网络从微观到宏观的扩展。扩展后的柔性传感器网络可覆盖面积大、外形复杂的复合材料结构,为全面快速评价复合材料结构在制造及使用过程中的完整性提供有效的技术手段。     

Optical Performance and Nonlinear Scattering of Soluble Polystyrene Grafted Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes

Three soluble polystyrene grafted multi-walled carbon nanotube （MWNT） samples are synthesized, and their optical performance and nonlinear scattering properties are investigated by z-scan method using nanosecond pulses of 532 nm from a frequency-doubled Q-switched Nd： YLF laser. Analysis of the experimental results shows that other than nonlinear scattering, nonlinear absorption plays a major role in optical limiting performance of these stable and well-dispersed suspensions. These new synthesized materials which can be better dispersed in common organic solvents than MWNT itself can be considered as potential sources for further optical applications.     

Nonlinear Optical Properties of Indium Phthalocyanine Axially Grafted Polystyrene Thin Film

Ultrafast dynamics and third-order nonlinearity of thin films of tert-butyl peripherally-substituted indium phthalocyanine axlally grafted polystyrene （tBu4PcIn-PS） are investigated by femtosecond optical-Kerr-effect （OKE） and z-scan experiments. The fastest component （〈 200 fs） in the OKE traces of the film is related to the electron cloud distortion, where the phthalocyanine-polymer interaction may enhance this contribution. The z-scan measurement also indicates that this interaction might enhance the third-order optical nonlinearity. The measurements shows that the magnitudes of X（3） of these films are in order of 10^-11 esu.     

可溶性高聚物-多壁碳纳米管复合物的吸收光谱和光限幅性能研究

合成了三种可溶性高聚物嫁接的多壁碳纳米管复合物,包括聚乙烯基咔唑-多壁碳纳米管复合物(MWNTs-PVK),聚苯乙烯-多壁碳纳米管复合物(MWNTs-PSt)和聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯-多壁碳纳米管复合物(MWNTs-PMMA)。合成样品的TEM图显示出高聚物成功地包裹在碳纳米管外。样品的氯仿溶液UV-Vis吸收谱显示,复合物的紫外区与纯的多壁碳纳米管不同,有一些复杂的特征吸收峰,反映了高聚物与碳纳米管共价连接的作用。利用Z扫描技术通过527nm的纳秒激光脉冲激发研究了这三种复合物的非线性光学性质和光限幅性能。这三种复合物的氯仿溶液的光限幅性能很相似,并且优于纯多壁碳纳米管氯仿悬浮液和C60甲苯溶液。为解释观察到的结果,研究了样品的非线性折射,非线性吸收和非线性散射机制。结果显示,非线性吸收是引起样品光限幅的主要机制。     

Optical Limiting Properties of Two Soluble Polymer/Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotube Composites

Two soluble polymer grafted multi-walled carbon nanotubes （MWNTs）, including poly（N-vinylcarbazole）-MWNTs and poly（methyl methacrylate）-MWNTs, are synthesized. Their nonlinear optical properties and opticaJ limiting （OL） performances are investigated by z-scan method with 527nm nanosecond laser pulses. These grafted MWNTs dissolved in chloroform show much better optical limiting performance than those of MWNTs and C60 in toluene solution. Nonlinear absorption and nonlinear scattering mechanism are taken into consideration for explaining the observed results. The comparison of the experimental results shows that nonlinear absorption is the dominant mechanism for OL performance of these new samples.