用于可充电器件的有机电极材料

有机化合物作为可充电器件的电极材料可以通过自身电活性部位电荷状态的变化来实现本征的氧化还原反应。除了锂离子电池外,有机电极材料还可以用于其他离子半径更大的金属离子电池(如Na⁺、K⁺、Mg²⁺、Zn²⁺等)。有机电极材料还具有诸多优势,比如结构多样、成本低廉、资源丰富和可持续性高,易于通过适当的材料设计调整其性能等,已被证明在可充电器件中具有重要的应用潜力。然而,有机电极的实际应用仍需要解决一些关键问题,例如导电性差和在常规有机电解液中溶解等。本文介绍了各种具有不同氧化还原活性中心的有机电极材料及其反应机理,包括有机硫化物、有机自由基、亚胺类化合物、偶氮化合物和羰基化合物;重点总结了有机羰基化合物电极材料在性能改善方面的策略以及近5年在可充电器件中的应用;最后,讨论了有机电极材料需要应对的挑战以及未来的机遇。     

Tunable Perpendicular Magnetic Anisotropy in Off-Stoichiometric Full-Heusler Alloy Co_2MnAl

Off-stoichiometric full-Heusler alloy Co_2 MnAl thin films with different thicknesses are epitaxially grown on GaAs(001) substrates by molecular-beam epitaxy. The composition of the films, close to Co_(1.65)Mn_(1.35)Al(CMA),is determined by x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and energy dispersive spectroscopy. Tunable perpendicular magnetic anisotropy(PMA) from 3.41 Merg/cm~3 to 1.88 Merg/cm~3 with the thickness increasing from 10 nm to 30 nm is found,attributed to the relaxation of residual compressive strain. Moreover, comparing with the ultrathin CoFeB/MgO used in the conventional perpendicular magnetic tunnel junction, the CMA electrode has a higher magnetic thermal stability with more volume involved. The PMA in CMA films is sustainable up to 300℃,compatible with semiconductor techniques. This work provides a possibility for the development of perpendicular magnetized full-Heusler compounds with high thermal stability and spin polarization.     

水分子链受限于单壁碳纳米管结构的密度泛函理论研究

本文采用第一性原理的密度泛函理论,主要以(6,6)Armchair型,(11,0)Zigzag型单壁碳纳米管为研究对象,研究了水分子链在碳纳米管内部吸附的稳定结构,以及结合能随其结构的变化.结果表明:当水分子链受限于碳纳米管内部时,引起碳纳米管直径收缩,这主要是由于水分子链与碳纳米管之间的氢键作用以及范德华弱相互作用所引起的.随着碳纳米管半径的增加,两种单体之间的结合能逐渐减小,但当碳纳米管半径增加至6.78时,其结合能又有所增加,这是由于在优化过程中,水分子链单体之间的氢键作用大于水分子链与碳纳米管之 关键词： 水分子链/单壁碳纳米管 密度泛函理论 结构稳定性     

光学微透镜阵列成像质量预测和测量

为了研究微透镜阵列成像质量的影响因素,针对慢刀伺服加工和紫外（UV）光固化工艺制备的微透镜阵列,引入微透镜阵列镜片的误差,建立基于Zemax光学软件的光学微透镜阵列成像仿真模型,分析透镜单元的高度、曲率半径、入瞳直径等误差对微透镜阵列成像质量的影响。搭建光学测试平台对评价微透镜阵列成像性能的光学参数进行检测,包括各透镜单元的焦斑大小、位置误差及其焦距值,并利用点扩散函数（PSF）曲线的半峰全宽值对光场成像结果进行成像质量评价,测量得到微透镜阵列的焦距标准误差为0.12 mm。将测量结果与仿真结果相比,可得PSF曲线的半峰全宽值误差在12%左右,证明了仿真模型的准确性。利用仿真和实验的方法建立了微透镜阵列镜片误差与其光学成像质量之间的关系,这可为基于功能实现的光学微透镜阵列的超精密加工工艺提供理论基础和指导。     

Low-temperature characteristics of two-color InAs/InP quantum dots laser

We report on the lasing characteristics of a two-color InAs/InP quantum dots(QDs)laser at a low tem-perature.Two lasing peaks with a tunable gap are simultaneously observed.At a low temperature of 80 K,a tunable range greater than a 20-nm wavelength is demonstrated by varying the injection current from 30 to 500 mA.Under a special condition,we even observe three lasing peaks,which are in contrast to those observed at room temperature.The temperature coefficient of the lasing wavelength was obtained for the two colors in the 80?280 K temperature range,which is lower than that of the reference quantum well(QW)laser working in the same wavelength region.     

Efficiency enhancement of InGaN based blue light emitting diodes with InGaN/GaN multilayer barriers

The advantages of InGaN based light-emitting diodes with InGaN/GaN multilayer barriers are studied.It is found that the structure with InGaN/GaN multilayer barriers shows improved light output power,lower current leakage,and less efficiency droop over its conventional InGaN/GaN counterparts.Based on the numerical simulation and analysis,these improvements on the electrical and the optical characteristics are mainly attributed to the alleviation of the electrostatic field in the quantum wells(QWs) when the InGaN/GaN multilayer barriers are used.     

纳升电喷雾毛细管液相色谱-串联质谱鉴定K562细胞株中混合蛋白质

用标准蛋白质混合物建立了一种适用于低丰度混合蛋白质及其异构体分离与鉴定的蛋白质组学方法。通过IPG胶条等电聚焦分离蛋白质,染色后进行混合胶内酶切,采用纳升电喷雾毛细管液相色谱一串联质谱“散弹法（shot-gun）”分析酶切产物,并进行数据库检索鉴定蛋白质。运用该方法从K562细胞株样品中鉴定出14种具有重要功能的蛋白质,部分蛋白质同时在多个条带中出现,可能是异构体。肽段及其碎片离子的平均质量偏差小于0．05U,综合得分大都远远超过有效值。该方法灵敏、准确度高、分辨率高、省时、便于操椎存苍宗罾白甩异构体青而右优势．     

Structure and Magnetic Properties of （In,Mn）As Based Core-Shell Nanowires Grown on Si（111） by Molecular-Beam Epitaxy

We report the structure and magnetic properties of （In,Mn）As based core-shell nanowires grown on Si （111） by molecular-beam epitaxy. Compared to the core InAs nanowire with a flat side facet and consistent diameter, the core-shell nanowire shows a rough sidewall and an inverse tapered geometry. X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy and energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy show that （In,Mn）As is formed on the side facets of In As nanowires with a mixture ofwurtzite and zinc-blende structures. Two ferromagnetic transition temperatures of （In,Mn）As from magnetic measurement data are observed： one is less than 25 K, which could be attributed to the magnetic phase with diluted Mn atoms in the InAs matrix, and the other is at ～300 K, which may originate from the undetectable secondary phases such as MnAs nanoclusters. The synthesis of （In,Mn）As based core-shell nanowires provides valuable information to exploit a new type of spintronic nano-materials.     

高能反应末态强子产率的普适质量关系

最近实验上发现高能粒子反应末态强子多重数与其质量之间满足简单普适经验公式.计算了e⁺e^－湮没与pp(p)反应过程的直生介子与重子多重数,与经验公式中的参数完全一致.对经验公式中与反应能量有关的参数给出合理解释,并讨论了质量普适关系的原因.     

ZnSe-ZnS多层量子阱光学双稳态器件

本文报道了以YAG三倍频激光为光源时,在用MBE生长的ZnSe-ZnS多量子阱材料制成的F—P标准具光双稳器件上观察到的脉冲压缩效应。根据入射脉冲波形和透射脉冲波形得到了该器件的双稳回线。