生物电化学系统降解多环芳烃萘及微生物群落研究

采用单室空气阴极微生物燃料电池(MFC)反应器构型, 以不同浓度萘为基底物质, 考察MFC的产电性能、 萘降解率、 化学需氧量(COD)和总有机碳含量(TOC)降解率及MFC阴阳极微生物活性和多样性. 结果表明, 循环伏安曲线受不同浓度萘的影响变化较为明显, 随着萘浓度的增大, 最大功率密度呈下降趋势, 且萘对MFC的阴极电极电势影响较大; 当萘的浓度为15 mg/L时, MFC最大功率密度可达(645.841±28.08) mW/m ²; 对萘的降解率高达100%, 且MFC对COD和TOC的降解率随着萘浓度的提高而增大, 但是增大的速率逐渐减小. 对MFC阳极微生物膜进行高通量测序发现, Geobacter是优势菌属, 相对丰度达81%, 阴极主要以Aquamicrobium为主.     

Evacuation of pedestrians from a hall by game strategy update

In this paper, a cellular automaton model considering game strategy update is proposed to study the pedestrian evacuation in a hall. Pedestrians are classified into two categories, i.e., cooperators and defectors, and they walk to an exit according to their own strategy change. The conflicts that two or three pedestrians try to occupy the same site at the same time are investigated in the Game theory model. Based on it, the relationship between the pedestrian flow rate and the evacuation time as well as the variation of cooperative proportion against evacuation time is investigated from the different initial cooperative proportions under the influence of noise. The critical value of the noise is found when there is a small number of defectors in the initial time. Moreover, the influences of the initial cooperative proportion and strength of noise on evacuation are discussed. The results show that the lower the initial cooperative proportion as well as the bigger the strength of noise, the longer the time it takes for evacuation.     

电极肖特基接触对有机光敏晶体管性能的影响

有机光敏晶体管是一种在有机场效应管结构中引入光控“栅极”的新型光探测器件,其光灵敏度、光响应度性能参数与源/漏电极和有源层的接触情况关系密切。本文通过真空蒸发法分别制备了采用金电极和铝电极的单层并五苯及酞菁铜有机光敏晶体管。研究了它们在黑暗和光照条件下的输出及转移特性。结果表明,高迁移率的并五苯有源层更适合搭配接触特性较好的金电极,该器件具有和铝电极器件相同高水平的光灵敏度~3×104,但其光响应度是铝电极器件的13倍;而低迁移率的酞菁铜薄膜较适合搭配能够和有源层形成肖特基接触的铝电极,有利于抑制暗电流、增强激子解离效率、提高光电流,进一步使器件在获得和金电极器件同数量级光响应度的同时,其光灵敏度是金电极器件的102倍。本文对光照下电极/有源层肖特基接触的能带变化做了理论分析,总结归纳了有机光敏晶体管电极材料和有源层材料的初步筛选规律。