基于改进粒子群的薄壁变截面刚架临界载荷优化算法

针对大型变截面薄壁结构的稳定问题,以一类任意约束对称结构受非对称载荷的单跨刚架为研究对象,结构拆分为相关铁木辛柯(Timoshenko)梁,结合差分原理和最优化方法,以每段刚架的每个离散点挠度、临界载荷、轴力、剪力和梁端弯矩为设计变量,建立求解满足边界条件的非线性差分方程模型,提出基于优胜劣汰粒子更新的粒子群(IPSO)临界载荷优化算法。运用JAVA编程语言编制对应优化程序,分析典型算例并核实ABAQUS仿真结果。研究表明,本文提出的优化算法获得了有效的变形位型和高精度的临界载荷计算,能更好地描述刚架受力下位型和载荷的力学关系,进一步为工程设计与分析提供支持。     

正六边形孔角裂纹应力强度因子复变函数解

针对工程结构中的正六边形孔角双裂纹问题,利用复分析方法,构造了带孔角双裂纹的正六边形孔到单位圆的共形映射,获得了正六边形孔角双裂纹应力强度因子问题的解析解。采用Mathematica数学软件编程,计算了内部含正六边形孔角对称和非对称双裂纹无限大板的裂尖应力强度因子值。通过与ABAQUS有限元仿真模拟结果进行对比,结果表明,采用复势法和本文引入的共形映射函数推导获得的解析解,不仅适用于无限大板内正六边形孔角对称裂纹的情况,也适用于非对称裂纹。     

基于改进粒子群的薄壁变截面刚架临界载荷优化算法

针对大型变截面薄壁结构的稳定问题,以一类任意约束对称结构受非对称载荷的单跨刚架为研究对象,结构拆分为相关铁木辛柯（Timoshenko）梁,结合差分原理和最优化方法,以每段刚架的每个离散点挠度、临界载荷、轴力、剪力和梁端弯矩为设计变量,建立求解满足边界条件的非线性差分方程模型,提出基于优胜劣汰粒子更新的粒子群（IPSO）临界载荷优化算法。运用JAVA编程语言编制对应优化程序,分析典型算例并核实ABAQUS仿真结果。研究表明,本文提出的优化算法获得了有效的变形位型和高精度的临界载荷计算,能更好地描述刚架受力下位型和载荷的力学关系,进一步为工程设计与分析提供支持。     

Structural evolution and bandgap modulation of layered β-GeSe2 single crystal under high pressure

Germanium diselenide (GeSe₂) is a promising candidate for electronic devices because of its unique crystal structure and optoelectronic properties. However, the evolution of lattice and electronic structure of $β$-GeSe₂ at high pressure is still uncertain. Here we prepared high-quality $β$-GeSe₂ single crystals by chemical vapor transfer (CVT) technique and performed systematic experimental studies on the evolution of lattice structure and bandgap of $β$-GeSe₂ under pressure. High-precision high-pressure ultra low frequency (ULF) Raman scattering and synchrotron angle-dispersive x-ray diffraction (ADXRD) measurements support that no structural phase transition exists under high pressure up to 13.80 GPa, but the structure of $β$-GeSe₂ turns into a disordered state near 6.91 GPa and gradually becomes amorphous forming an irreversibly amorphous crystal at 13.80 GPa. Two Raman modes keep softening abnormally upon pressure. The bandgap of $β$-GeSe₂ reduced linearly from 2.59 eV to 1.65 eV under pressure with a detectable narrowing of 36.5%, and the sample under pressure performs the piezochromism phenomenon. The bandgap after decompression is smaller than that in the atmospheric pressure environment, which is caused by incomplete recrystallization. These results enrich the insight into the structural and optical properties of $β$-GeSe₂ and demonstrate the potential of pressure in modulating the material properties of two-dimensional (2D) Ge-based binary material.     

近红外光谱结合改进鲸鱼算法优化模型BAS-WOA-SVR检测藤椒油掺伪

鉴于藤椒油市场良莠不齐,以近红外光谱技术为基础,藤椒油为研究对象,展开对藤椒油掺伪检测研究。首先将纯藤椒油作为基底油,按比例配置掺入大豆油、玉米油、葵花籽油得到油样,采集藤椒油掺伪样品的近红外光谱数据;光谱数据经归一化处理后采用标准正态变换(SNV)、多元散射矫正(MSC)进行预处理,然后采用竞争性自适应重加权算法(CARS)、连续投影算法(SPA)进行特征数据提取,组合不同预处理算法与特征数据提取算法,通过支持向量机回归(SVR)建立藤椒油掺伪预测模型。结果表明：MSC-CARS-SVR模型校正集和预测集的决定系数(R²)最高,校正集R²达到了0.756 1,预测集R²达到0.705 2;均方根误差(RMSE)最小,校正集RMSE达到0.743,预测集RMSE达到0.794。为了提高模型的准确性,采用鲸鱼算法(WOA)和改进鲸鱼算法(BAS-WOA)优化SVR模型,改进的鲸鱼算法以每一次鲸鱼群的最优鲸鱼作为当前天牛须的出发位置,分别探索左右须前进,计算前进后的目标函数,如果目标函数优于当前最优鲸鱼的值,则用前进后的天牛...