TC4钛合金超高周疲劳性能研究

应用基于压电超声疲劳技术开发的20kHz超声疲劳拉压试验系统,在室温下完成了对称载荷作用下TC4钛合金的超高周疲劳试验,并分析了次表面断裂的试件断口。结果表明:疲劳循环大于10~7周次时,试件仍会发生疲劳断裂,且疲劳强度会随循环次数的增加而下降,不存在明显的疲劳极限;TC4钛合金断口呈现"类鱼眼"形貌,能谱分析未观察到裂纹源处夹杂物的存在;疲劳断面的粗糙度随与疲劳源区距离的增大而减小,裂纹在后期扩展速率较快,并伴随少量塑性变形。该TC4钛合金次表面疲劳裂纹的产生是由其微观组织的不均匀或晶粒内部的滑移带导致的。     

TC4钛合金超高周次轴向振动疲劳试验

应用基于压电超声疲劳试验技术开发的20kHz轴向振动疲劳试验系统,完成了室温下TC4钛合金超高周疲劳试验,获得了TC4合金在107～109周次范围内的轴向振动疲劳寿命曲线(S-N曲线);运用C.Paris推导公式预测了TC4合金材料的寿命,得到各应力水平下破坏率为50％、95％、99％的安全寿命.结果表明:在疲劳循环大于107周次时,试件仍会发生疲劳断裂,疲劳强度随循环次数的增加而下降,并不存在明显的疲劳极限.TC4合金的S-N曲线在107～109周次的范围内呈连续下降型.在轴向振动超高周疲劳试验中,试件的裂纹扩展寿命只占其在50％破坏率下疲劳安全寿命的一小部分,其疲劳寿命主要由试件的裂纹萌生寿命决定.     

超高周疲劳试件尺寸优化设计研究

针对超高周疲劳试件疲劳区长度设计的随意性大、要求不明确等问题,本文通过建立超高周疲劳试件的理论模型,定义了应力放大系数、疲劳区尺寸等关键设计指标参数,探索了各指标参数随试件尺寸的变化规律。结果表明,随着试件疲劳区长度的增加,试件应力放大系数反而减小,应力均匀度降低。这成为制约试件尺寸设计的主要矛盾。为了确定超高周疲劳试件的合理疲劳区长度,本文提出了超高周疲劳试件设计的约束条件和优化指标,实现了超高周疲劳试件的尺寸优化设计,得到疲劳区的合适范围为5mm~10mm。通过本文提出的尺寸优化指标求解出6063铝合金超高周试件疲劳区半长度应取6mm。     

航空发动机钛合金材料的高周和超高周疲劳性能研究1）

通过对航空发动机空心风扇叶片用Ti-6Al-4V 随炉试样的高周和超高周疲劳试验研究,揭示了Ti-6Al-4V 材料在10⁷ 循环周次以上同样会发生疲劳破坏. 采用三参数幂函数寿命曲线拟合了高周和超高周的疲劳性能数据,发现可以较好地将两种试验下的数据衔接起来,结果显示在此试验条件下基于超声的超高周疲劳试验的频率效应可以忽略. 通过断口分析表明,超高周试样在试样表面没有缺陷的情况下,裂纹大多数是从材料内部或次表面萌生,而高周疲劳试样的裂纹是从材料表面开始萌生.     

Comparison between AlN and Al_2O_3 ceramics applied to barrier dielectric of plasma actuator

This paper reports the material characterization and performance evaluation of an AlN ceramic based dielectric barrier discharge(DBD) plasma actuator. A conventional Al_2O_3 ceramic is also investigated as a control. The plasma images,thermal characteristics and electrical properties of the two actuators are compared and studied. Then, with the same electrical operating parameters(12-kV applied voltage and 11-kHz power frequency), variations of the surface morphologies,consumed power and induced velocities are recorded and analyzed. The experimental results show that the AlN actuator can produce a more uniform discharge while the discharge of the Al_2O_3 actuator is easier to become filamentary. The later condition leads to higher power consumption and earlier failure due to electrode oxidation. In the plasma process,the power increment of the AlN actuator is higher than that of the Al_2O_3 actuator. The induced velocity is also influenced by this process. Prior to aging, the maximum induced velocity of the AlN actuator is 4.2 m/s, which is about 40% higher than that of the Al_2O_3 actuator. After 120-min plasma aging, the maximum velocity of the aged AlN actuator decreases by 27.8% while the Al_2O_3 actuator registers a decrease of 25%.