综合利用稻壳制备木糖、电容炭与硅酸钙晶须

利用酸水解稻壳中的半纤维素制备木糖, 并将糖渣经过炭化后分离出碳和硅, 碳采用稀碱溶液活化改性制备电容炭, 硅采用水热法合成了硅酸钙晶须, 从而使稻壳所有组分得到充分利用. 采用循环伏安(CV)和恒流充放电(GCD)研究了电容炭的电化学性能. 通过X射线衍射(XRD)和扫描电子显微镜(SEM)对所得硅酸钙晶须的结构和形貌进行了表征. 实验结果表明, 稻壳酸水解的最优条件为硫酸浓度7%(质量分数)、 固液比(g/mL)为1:8、 反应时间为2.0 h, 在该条件下, 一次水解、 二次水解和三次水解的木糖收率(Y₁/Y₂/Y₃)和浓度(质量分数, C₁/C₂/C₃)都能达到最大值, Y₁=98.5%, C₁=3.6%; Y₂=85.4%, C₂=6.3%; Y₃=76.6%, C₃=9.0%. 采用15 mL 8%(质量分数) NaOH稀碱溶液活化改性制得的电容炭(AC/15)比电容值为77.32 F/g, 而且具有较好的倍率性和循环稳定性; 硅酸钙晶须为扫帚状针钠钙石晶须.     

二元翼型风洞的侧壁干扰与抽气研究

在二元翼型风洞实验段中的侧壁边界层将引起模型展向流动的不均匀性，使预想的二元流动受到三元扭曲，引起实验数据的误差，目前消除或减少侧壁干扰的有效方法之一是采用侧壁抽吸技术。本文就抽吸的有效性，抽吸区域和阻尼材料等问题进行了讨论和分析，并对抽吸技术中的问题提出了一些看法。     

Synthesis,Crystal Structure,and Fluorescent and Thermal Stability Properties of Two New Cobalt(Ⅱ) Complexes with 2,2'-Bipy as Ligand

Two new cobalt(Ⅱ)complexes[Co_2(2,2?-bipy)_2(dpa)_2(H_2O)_5]·4H_2O(1)and Co(2,2?-bipy)_3(SO_4)]·7.5H_2O(2)have been synthesized with diaphonic acid(H_2dpa)and 2,2?-bipyridine(2,2?-bipy)as ligands.In 1,two neighboring cobalt(Ⅱ)ions are linked together by one bridging diaphonic acid group,forming an asymmetric dinuclear structure.1 crystallizes in triclinic,space group ■ with a=9.825(6),b=13.007(8),c=19.586(1)?,α=80.773(1)o,β=77.065(1)o,γ=85.902(1)o,M_r=431.4,V=2406.5(3)?~3,D_c=1.48 g/cm~3,Z=2,μ(Mo Kα)=0.767 mm~(-1),F(000)=1112,the final R=0.0379 and wR=0.0862.The central cobalt(Ⅱ)ions in 1 and 2 are coordinated with six atoms,forming distorted octahedral coordination geometry.The fluorescence and thermal stability properties of 1 and 2 are also reported.     

Dissipative free-surface solver for potential flow around hydrofoil distributed with doublets

A doublet integral equation is formulated for the two-dimensional dissipative potential flow around a hydrofoil submerged below a free-water surface. The free-water surface is assumed to involve energy dissipation, and thus it is the source of damping. A doublet panel method is developed from incorporation of the dissipative Green function approach and the doublet distributions on the hydrofoil surface. Numerical computations are implemented, and the derived numerical results are in good agreement with analytic solutions and experimental measurements.     

Synthesis and Crystal Structure of a Dialkyltin Benzamidoacetate Compound {[n-Bu2Sn（O2CCH2NHCOC6H5）]2O}2·C6H6

A dialkyltin benzamidoacetate compound {[n-Bu2Sn（O2CCH2NHCOC6H5）]2O}2· C6H6 has been synthesized by the reaction of dialkyltin oxide with benzamidoacetic acid in 1：1 molar ratio, and its structure was determined by X-ray single-crystal diffraction. The crystal belongs to orthorhombic, space group Pca21, with a = 1.9134（4）, b = 1.9605（4）, c = 2.0657（4） nm, Z = 4, V = 7.749（3） nm^3, Dc = 1.054 mg·m^-3,μ（MoKa） = 1.337 mm^-1, F（000） = 3576, the final R = 0.0405 and wR = 0.0860. According to the structural analysis, the tin atom adopts a distorted five-coordinate trigonal bipyramidal geometry, and the dimer structure is shaped by one planar four-membered Sn2O2 ring.     

[Cu(m-NBA)(2，2′-bipy)(H2O)2]·m-NBA·H2O的合成、晶体结构及电化学性质

铜是生物体中的微量元素,在生命过程中起着递传电子、输运氧,以及清除超氧负离子等重要作用[1].芳酸与铜等过渡金属离子构筑的配合物,多数具有新颖结构和特殊性能,广泛应用于生物无机化学、催化、医药、材料等领域,因而备受研究者们的关注[2-8].     

配合物{Cd(phen)[(C6H5)2C(OH)COO]2}2·H2O的合成、晶体结构及荧光性质

羧酸配合物在配位化学中占有重要地位.羧酸配合物有丰富的拓扑结构、较高的稳定性,在磁学、光学、催化、生物等诸多领域有广泛的应用前景,羧酸配合物引起了人们广泛的兴趣和极大的关注[1～3].近年来,我们用小位阻的羧酸配体合成了一些羧酸配合物[4～6],而对于大位阻的羧酸配体体系我们研究很少.二苯乙醇酸是一种大位阻的柔性芳香羧酸,文献报道的二苯乙醇酸配合物不多[7-9].     

轴流泵参数化设计及应力与模态特征分析

以船用轴流式喷水推进泵为对象,探索了轴流泵参数化设计、水动力性能、静强度和结构声学特征分析的数值途径。轴流泵叶轮采用升力法设计,导叶采用流线法设计,叶片三维造型在NUMECA参数化设计平台中完成。轴流泵水动力性能校核由粘性CFD计算完成,CFD计算同时提取得到叶片分布式水动力载荷。叶片静强度校核由ANSYS有限元计算叶片应力和应变特征完成,应力分析时同时考虑水动力载荷、重力载荷和离心力载荷。叶片结构声学特征分析由NASTRAN有限元计算叶片模态振型和振型频率完成。计算结果表明,轴流泵扬程和功率满足设计指标,效率达87.13%;叶轮叶片形变相对于叶顶间隙来说为极小量,可忽略不计,叶片存在局部应力集中现象,最大应力小于许用应力,满足静强度要求;叶片前四阶振型特征与分析经验一致,且振型频率远离轴频、叶频及其谐频特征频率,能够避免共振产生。     

二苄基锡水杨醛缩邻氨基苯酚Schiff碱配合物的合成、结构及荧光性质研究

二苄基二氯化锡和水杨醛缩邻氨基苯酚Schiff碱按物质的量比1∶1反应,合成了二苄基锡水杨醛邻缩氨基苯酚Schiff碱配合物。经X-射线衍射方法测定了其晶体结构,属单斜晶系,空间群为P21/n,晶体学参数a=1.110 03(3)nm,b=1.719 87(5)nm,c=1.176 09(3)nm,β=100.564 0(10)°,V=2.207 23(10)nm3,Z=4,Dc=1.541 g·cm-3,μ(Mo Kα)=11.81 cm-1,F(000)=1 023,R1=0.026 8,wR2=0.061 9,中心锡原子为五配位的畸变三角双锥构型。对其结构进行量子化学从头计算,探讨了配合物的稳定性、分子轨道能量以及部分前沿分子轨道的组成特征。研究了配合物的荧光性质。     

[Cu(PTA)(Phen)2](p-MBA)(H6O)配合物的合成、晶体结构及电化学分析

The crystal structure of the title complex with the stoichiometric formula [Cu(PTA)(Phen)₂](p-MBA)(H₆O) (Phen=1,10-phenanthroline, PTA=terephthalic acid, p-MBA=p-toluic acid) has been determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The crystal (C₄₈H₄₀CuN₄O₁₀, M_r=896.38) belongs to the monoclinic space group C2/c, with the following crystallographic parameters: a=1.778 6(3) nm, b=1.912 5(3) nm, c=1.389 9(2) nm, β=114.686(2)°, V=4.295 7(12) nm³, D_c=1.386 g·cm^-3, Z=4, μ(Mo Kα)=0.574 mm^-1, F(000)=1 860, final GooF=1.019, R=0.054 0, wR=0.148 3 for 2 644 observed reflections (I>2σ(I)). The crystal structure shows that the copper(Ⅱ) ion is coordinated with two oxygen atoms from one terephthalic acid molecule and four nitrogen atoms from two 1,10-phenanthroline molecules, forming a distorted octahedral coordination geometry. The cyclic voltametric behavior of the complex is also reported. CCDC: 298809.