人类活体颈椎生物力学性能测试仪器的研制

颈部疼痛和运动障碍是人类的常见病症。不管起因如何，受伤和退化将使颈椎的力学性能发生变化。由于颈椎的生理结构复杂。描述其在三维坐标系的运动状态需要3个平移参数和3个转角参数。为此，我们在颈椎运动力学性能研究时做如下的力学模型简化；把人体的胸部和头部看成是两个刚体，它们之间仅由颈椎相连，当人体的胸部被固定时，头部做曲伸，旋转，侧弯运动，简化为头部绕第一胸椎（T1）的转动。为实现这一运动，我们研制了一套专用的测试装置。测试者接受的是被动测试，头部的旋转是由扭力扳手产生的，当扭力扳手对某轴施加一力偶时，就向被试者头部传递了一力矩T，而此力矩可通过安装在扭力扳后上的力传感器将信号传递到应变仪上测出；头部在这力矩作用下的转角θ则由安装于测试装置上的转角指示器显示，我们分别对四位受试者进行了测试，得到了对应的T-θ曲线图。测试表明，尽管受试个体间存在着特异性，但也能找到一些明显的规律。例如每个受试者颈椎旋转的运动角度要大于其它的几种运动。     

自动消除载荷偏心影响的引伸计研究

本文基于拉伸圆截面试样圆周上各点的应变分析，提出一种自动消除载荷偏心影响的引伸计。该引伸计结构简单、可靠、使用方便。特别是在测定金属杨氏模量中更为适用。用电测实验对比校核的数据表明，自动消除载荷偏心影响引伸计安装在不同位置上测量的相对误差不超过０．５％。     

A Facile Synthesis of Silver-Coated Composite Particles by Swelling Surface Method

We report a facile and rapid method for fabrication of composite particles consisting of a polystyrene (PS) core and a uniform silver shell. The process involves the PS colloid surface swelling, the anchoring of silver ions and nanoparticles onto the surfaces, and the subsequent growth of metal seeds in a short period. The present approach has the advantages of simplicity and high efficiency. The TEM images show the morphology of the obtained PS core-silver shell particles, and their chemical composition and crystallinity are analysed by x-ray diffraction. To our knowledge, this is the first study based on swelling PS surface for synthesis of silver-coated PS particles and may be implemented for preparing other metal-coated PS particles.     

由介质球构成的三维光子晶体能带结构的平面波研究

采用平面波展开方法计算由介质球构成的面心立方三维光子晶体的能带结构及透射性质.选 用合适的平面波个数研究了SiO₂蛋白石结构光子晶体的能带及透射性质，并采 用转移矩阵 方法计算了电磁波沿［111］方向的传输特性，两种方法得到的结果相符合.还研究了反蛋白 石结构光子晶体的全带隙.最后，研究了壳层介质球构成的面心立方结构光子晶体的能带特 性，发现在高介质球外面包裹适当厚度的低介电常数介质壳层所构成的光子晶体，可以增大 L点相对带隙宽度50％，并证明了其优化内外半径比值约为0．69. 关键词： 光子晶体 光子能带 平面波展开方法 Core-Shell结构     

Preparation of Silver—Coated Polystyrene Composite Particles

We report a feasible approach to the preparation of monodispersed metal-shell composite microspheres based on a combination of surface reaction and surface seeding techniques. The method was implemented for coating polystyrene (PS) spheres with silver shell having a variable thickness by controlling the amount of reagents in the reaction procedure. These composite spherical particles in dimensions of the submicrometer range may become attractive building blocks for the creation of metallo-dielectric photonic band gap materials when they are organized into crystals.     

无规场非晶化表面的临界行为

应用平均场重整化群方法,讨论表面无规场和非晶化存在对S=1和σ=1/2混合自旋伊辛系统表面磁性临界行为的影响,得到在各种情况下系统的表面相图.计算结果表明,非晶化在一定范围内与无规场竞争仍可出现三临界点和重入现象. 关键词：     

A high-quality factor hybrid plasmonic nanocavity based on distributed Bragg reflectors

Herein,we propose a high-quality(Q) factor hybrid plasmonic nanocavity based on distributed Bragg reflectors(DBRs) with low propagation loss and extremely strong mode confinement.This hybrid plasmonic nanocavity is composed of a high-index cylindrical nanowire separated from a metal surface possessing shallow DBRs gratings by a sufficiently thin low-index dielectric layer.The hybrid plasmonic nanocavity possesses advantages such as a high Purcell factor(Fp) of up to nearly 20000 and a gain threshold approaching 266 cm~(-1)at 1550 nm,promising a greater potential in deep sub-wavelength lasing applications.     

A Stable Porous Silicon Dielectric Reflector with a Photonic Band Gap Centred at 10μm

By pulsed anodic etching at low temperature, we prepared a porous silicon reflector with a photonic band gap centred in the long-wavelength infrared spectral region （centred at about 12 μm）. After proper oxidation process, the stable reflector structure, which can reflect electromagnetic wave from 8 μm to 12 μm （centred at 10 μm） within wide incidence angles （about 50°）, is obtained. The wavelength shift of absorption peak of Si-H and Si-O shows the influence of oxidation process and indicates the stability of oxidized porous silicon dielectric reflector, which offers possible applications for the room temperature infrared sensor.     

多孔脂肪族聚酯组织工程支架的制备方法及改进

生物可降解人工合成脂肪族聚酯类聚合物支架已广泛应用于组织工程中,人们开发了多种方法制备多孔PLLA、PGA及其共聚物支架,并通过对这些方法的改进或多种方法的结合提高孔隙率,改善孔结构。本文介绍了这些制备方法及其改进措施的研究进展。     

表面等离激元研究新进展

随着理论研究的深入和现代微加工技术的进步,对支持表面等离激元的金属微纳结构体系的研究已形成了一门新兴学科方向,即表面等离激元光子学。由于表面等离激元具有独特的光学特性,在数据存储、超分辨成像、光准直、太阳能电池、生物传感器以及负折射材料等方面有着重要的应用前景,成为当前广受国内外学者重视的热点研究领域之一。本文对表面等离激元的特点、基本现象,以及其带来的新颖效应及其应用研究前景的最新发展进行了介绍。