后负荷对心室压力—容积关系的影响

本文利用一种心室分析模型，对心室后负荷，用更符合循环生理实际的非对称Ｔ型管模型替代三元件的Ｗｅｓｔｅｒｈｏｆ模型，在此基础上研究心室压力－容积关系随后负荷的变化情况发现收缩末期的心室压力－容积关系基本上不随后负荷的改变而改变。     

全国第一届生物力学会议召开

全国第一届生物力学学术会议于1981年7月20日至7月23日在复旦大学召开。这次会议由中国力学学会和中国生物医学工程学会主办,并委托上海力学学会、上海生物医学工程学会与复旦大学联合召开。     

PULSATILE FLOW IN ARTERIES WITH EXTERNAL RESTRAINT OF VISCO-ELASTIC TISSUE

The presence of a longitudinal constraint must be conceived physiologically as due largely to the connective tissue attach-ments on the outside of the artery. Living tissues are visco-elastic bodies. In order to analyse the effect of external visco-elastic tissue to pulsatile flow in arteries, in this paper the external connective tissue of artery will be considered as a Voigt visco-elastic body, and the expressions of pulse wave velocity and the velocity of pulsatile flow will be found by the velocity of pulsatile flow will be found by the blood motion equations (Navier-Stokes equation) as well as wall motion equations (Lamb equation). The results of free elastic tube and those of external elastic restraint by Womersley can be considered as a particular case and can be covered in this paper.     

脉劝流条件下血管壁的应力分布

为了分析血液-血管耦合运动所产生血液脉动压力载荷对血管壁应力分布的影响,利用线性化的血液-血管耦合运动方程的Womersley解,导得血液脉动压力载荷下的血管壁Green应变,同时利用Fung的血管壁应变能密度函数,导得相应血管壁应力分布的一般表达式.数值结果表明,在脉动流条件下,当考虑血液-血管耦合运动时,血管壁中周向应力最大,轴向应力居中,径向应力最小;血管壁的残余应力将明显减小血管内壁的应力集中;脉动压力载荷将导致血管壁周向应力在一个心动周期中随时间的脉动,而且随着Womersley数α和血管轴向约束参数K～＊的增大,血管壁周向应力的脉动将明显加剧,提示在分析动脉重建时必须计及血液-血管耦合运动对血管壁应力分布的影响.     

弯曲狭窄管内血液流的分析

与血管狭窄有关的异常血液动力学特征在血管疾病的发生和发展过程中起着重要的作用,由于血管狭窄和弯曲的综合影响,将会出现一系列有趣的流体力学现象,本文研究具有对称狭窄的弯曲小动脉内定常血液流动,在一定的假设条件下,直接从支配血液流动的Navier-Stokes方程求出问题的摄动解,由此求得弯曲狭窄管內血液流动的轴向速度、二次流速度及压力梯度等分析表达式,并进一步求得轴向和周向血管壁切应力。本文的结果是先前有关狭窄直管和弯曲均匀管流动研究的拓广。     

A NUMERICAL MODEL OF LEFT VENTRICLE AND AORTIC VALVE FUNCTION OF ITS AFTERLOAD(Ⅰ)

Due to the study of the function of heart and nortic valve,we set up a physical model of left ventricle,aortic valve and afterload and derive theoretical equation of each part from the model.Then we calculate the basic equations within phystology and impair parameters.Based this,we will discuss,fully in the next paper the effect of left ventricular afterload on valve opening,ejection and valve function ,etc.     

压力传感器频率响应的分析

为了提高瞬态压力测量的精度,必须设法提高传感器的频响特性。本文利用流体阻抗法分析了目前常用的压力传感器的固有频率表达式,并详细讨论了测压孔、传压管与终端腔室的几何尺寸对传感器固有频率的影响情况,为压力传感器的分析与设计提供了这方面的依据。     

动脉狭窄对血液流速的影响

为了定量计算动脉局部狭窄对动脉管中血液流动速度的影响，本文分别对狭窄区域内定常流和非定常流动进行了求解，得出了狭窄区域内定常流和脉动流的速度表达式。本文将均匀段的流速形经Ｆｏｕｒｉｅｒ分解成定常和脉动两部分，然后分别计算出狭窄区域内对应的定常和脉动流速，经Ｆｏｕｒｉｅｒ合成还原成流速时域波形，同时针对各种情况将不同狭窄对不同的流速波形的作了分析比较。     

关于脉图的分析

本文研究了在线性化条件下,计及血液粘度求得描述桡动脉处压力脉搏波波图的分析表达式。在此基础上,讨论了脉搏波波图随某些生理学参数(血管弹性、血液粘度、外周阻力、心脏功能等)的变化规律。文中通过在活狗身上静脉注射去甲肾上腺素使血管收缩、阻力增大与注射桑寄生使血管扩张、阻力减小,观察到其桡动脉的压力脉搏波波形的变化情况与理论分析的结果一致。最后,以中医脉象中的弦脉、平脉、滑脉所对应的脉图为例,讨论了脉图所对应的生理学含义,其结果与中医弦、滑脉的临床论述一致。     

ON ANALYSIS OF SPHYGMOGRAM

In this paper, under the linear assumption, the analytical expressions describing thepressure sphygmogram of the radial artery are obtained in regard to the effect of the bloodviscosity. Then the variations of the pulse wave form with some physiological parameterssuch as arterial elasticity, blood viscosity and resistance are discussed in detail too. Weobserved that venous injection of demethyladrenalin made a dog's vessels contract and in-crease in resistance while that of parasitic loranthus made the vessels relax and decrease inresistance, and variations of the pressure sphygmogram of the dog's radial artery conformedto theoretical results. Besides, taking the pressure sphygmogram of radial artery correspond-ing to smooth, normal and wiry pulses of the pulse conditions in traditional Chinese medicineas examples, we discussed the effect of related physiological parameters on these sphygmo-gram, which also conformed to the classical statement of the wiry, normal and smooth pulsesin traditional Chinese medicine.