旋转重力梯度仪的加速度计动态调节方法与需求分析

适合陆基使用的旋转重力梯度仪采用多个加速度计的组合输出,能有效地抑制平台的共模噪声,实现对地球表面微小重力梯度变化信号的测量.其关键技术之一就是对多个加速度计进行动态匹配调节,通过实时反馈来降低多种噪声和误差,从而降低对研制单个加速度计的性能要求.本文结合旋转重力梯度仪中加速度计的匹配调节方法,以重力梯度测量分辨率达到1E为目标分析,结果表明对加速度计的标度因子一致性匹配需要达到10-11的量级,对二阶非线性因子调节同样需要达到～10-11g/g2的量级.     

Measurement of Magnetic Properties of an Inertial Sensor with a Torsion Balance

A torsion balance is constructed to accurately measure the magnetic properties of the real proof mass of the inertial sensor. The magnetic susceptibility and remnant moment of a titanium proof mass are measured in the first experiment, and further improvements and the potential sensitivity are also discussed. This is significant for choosing the material of the proof mass and investigating the magnetic disturbances acting on the proof mass.     

压电陶瓷压电特性的激光调制法测量研究

介绍可测量压电陶瓷压电特性的激光干涉调制测量方法.采用相干检测原理对信号进行提取,不仅可以抑制噪声对干涉信号的影响,而且还可以大大降低光电探测器和电路的1/f噪声.与通常干涉仪测量方法相比,这种方法具有测量灵敏度高等优点.利用该方法对压电陶瓷压电特性进行了测量,讨论了激励电压信号的频率、幅度对压电陶瓷压电常数d₃₁的影响,并对其压电迟滞曲线进行了测量.     

相对于准静止参照系的有源阻尼系统研究 *

利用扭杆弹簧构成一个垂直方向上的准静止参照系 ,并用它成功地主动阻尼了单级振子的垂直本征模式 .在保持系统的高频隔振性能的情况下 ,使单级振子的垂直共振峰幅值从 3×10 ^-8m/Hz^{1/ 2} 下降到 2×10 ^-9m/Hz^{1/ 2} .这一实验结果验证了相对于准静止参照系的有源阻尼方法是完全可行的.     

Time-Domain Smoothing Processing for Equivalence-Principle Test Using Free-Fall Method

We investigate the effect of the time-domain smoothing processing for the equivalence-principle test using the free falling method, compared to the low-pass-filter method. Theoretical calculation shows that the time-domain smoothing processing can suppress the high-frequency noises and does not cause pseudo-acceleration. The physical reason is that the time-domain smooth-processing method is an unweighted filtering and is unrelated to the polynomial fitting. The uncertain acceleration difference due to high-frequency mechanical vibrations in the equivalence-principle test for extended rotating bodies can be suppressed from 2μGal to 0.05μGal after the time-domain smoothing processing.     

等效原理空间实验检验

等效原理地面实验检验已经达到了10-13,为了进一步提高实验精度,寻找新的相互作用和检验引力理论,人们提出了一系列更高精度等效原理检验的卫星计划.文章主要概述了等效原理空间检验的原理、发展历史和发展现状,并对进一步空间等效原理检验进行了简要展望.     

航空重力与重力梯度测量对惯性稳定平台的需求分析

从航空重力与重力梯度测量原理出发,先后导出航空重力与重力梯度测量的观测方程和测量误差方程,然后依据地球重力场特征和功率谱的相关理论,结合航空重力与重力梯度测量中的GPS定位、惯性稳定平台的指向和稳定性、加速度计和梯度仪的误差模型,分析了航空重力与重力梯度测量对稳定平台的需求,在此基础上以航空重力测量中国外常用的双水獭(Twin-Otter)固定翼飞机的实际飞行参数为例,通过数值计算给出了航空重力测量分辨率达到1 mGal时,对惯性稳定平台的角度指向精度、稳定性和随机漂移的要求分别为0.0005°、0.006°/h/Hz和0.0003°/h;航空重力梯度测量分辨率1 E时,对稳定平台对应的指标要求分别降低为0.5°、0.01°/hr/Hz和0.01°/hr。     

超低频被动垂直隔振系统研究 *

在扭杆弹簧的扭臂上安装附加质量构成了一种超低频被动垂直隔振系统 .理论分析和实验结果表明 ,带有附加质量的扭杆弹簧隔振系统具有良好的隔振性能和较长的共振周期 .在10Hz处 ,隔振系统的检验质量对地脉动噪声的响应达到3×10 ^-12 m/Hz^1/2 .在6Hz处 ,系统的隔振率为- 60 dB ,比无附加质量的系统降低近30dB .系统的共振周期可从无附加质量时的 5.2s增加到21.3s.     

Proposed Space Test of the New Equivalence Principle with Rotating Extended Bodies

We propose a novel scheme for a space free-fall based test of the new equivalence principle （NEP） with two rotating extended bodies made of the same material. The measurement will be carried out by placing the two concentric spinning masses of very different momenta inside a differential electrostatic aceelerometer in a drag-free compensated orbit. A difference in the forces necessary to maintain the common trajectory will be an indication of a violation of equivalence or the existence of spin-spin force between the rotating mass and the Earth. The conceptual design of the inertial sensor and its operation mode is presented. Details specific to the model and performance requirements are discussed by using up-to-date space technologies to test the NEP with an accuracy of better than 10^-15.     

Performance of an Accelerometer Suspended by a Pendulum

Performances of an accelerometer suspended by a pendulum and set on ground directly are both discussed. Theoretical analysis shows that the isolation from seismic disturbances of such a suspending accelerometer is equal to that of a narrow band-pass electronic filter. This means that the effect of seismic noises to the accelerometer can be substantially suppressed by means of a pendulum suspension during its performance tests.