双重孔隙介质中二相驱替理论

裂缝-孔隙地层中的注水驱油问题是近十多年来油田开发和渗流力学中最受关注的问题之一.本文改进了已有的数学模型,即正确地写出了双重孔隙介质中二相渗流的基本方程,并用特征线方法进行了全面的研究,揭示了裂缝-孔隙地层中水驱油过程的基本特征.可把本工作看作是著名的Buckley-Leverett理论在双重孔隙介质中的推广.     

关于计算渗流力学问题

渗流力学能够较好地解决油、气、水田开发工程中提出的复杂而困难的力学问题,是与引用和研究新的数值方法分不开的。早在50年代初,G.H.Bruce,D.W.Peaceman,H.H.Rachford,Jr。就用有限差分方法在计算机上(IBM卡片程序计算机)求得了理想气体非线性非定常渗流的数值解。1959年,J.Douglas,D.W.Peaceman,H.H.Rachford,Jr。研究了水、油二相多维渗流非线性微分方程组的数值计算方法。1966年,Zienkiewicz把有限元方法用于二维定常渗流计算。1968年,Javendal,Witherspoon进一步用有限元方法解非定常渗流问题。渗流力学发展到现代,可以毫不夸张的说,离开了数值模拟将很难有新的突破和重大进展。由于计算渗流力学内容很丰富,限于水平,我们只就几个方面的较有代表性的问题作些不完全的综述。     

渗流力学的近况和展望

渗流力学研究流体在多孔介质的运动规律.渗流是指流体在多孔介质内的流动;孔隙介质、裂缝-孔隙介质以及各种类型的毛细管体系等均属多孔介质.渗流力学是流体力学与多孔介质理论和表面物理化学等学科交叉渗透产生的一个独立的学科领域,是多种工程技术的理论基础.     

低渗透微尺度孔隙气体渗流规律

微尺度条件下气体流动特性的研究是现代渗流力学前沿领域之一．分析了低渗透岩石饱和气体渗流实验结果，探索了微尺度孔隙气体渗流规律，探讨了气体非线性渗流力学机理，发现了低渗透岩石微尺度孔隙气体与液体渗流遵循同一形式的运动定律，建立了气体与液体非线性运动定律统一模型．结果表明：新模型与实验结果吻合很好，为微尺度孔隙气体微流动特性研究提供了新的理论依据，对工程地质环境保护及地下流体资源开发有重要指导意义．     

THE TRANSIENT ELLIPTIC FLOW OF POWER-LAW FLUID IN FRACTAL POROUS MEDIA

1　ＴｈｅＦｌｏｗＭｏｄｅｌｏｆＰｏｗｅｒ＿ＬａｗＦｌｕｉｄｉｎＲａｄｉｃａｌＦｒａｃｔａｌＲｅｓｅｒｖｏｉｒＴｈｅｔｒａｎｓｉｅｎｔｆｌｏｗｏｆｐｏｗｅｒ＿ｌａｗｆｌｕｉｄｉｎｒａｄｉｃａｌｆｒａｃｔａｌｒｅｓｅｒｖｏｉｒｉｓｓｔｕｄｉｅｄｉｎＲｅｆ.[1 ] ,ａｎｄａｎａｌｙｔｉｃａｌｓｏｌｕｔｉｏｎｏｆＬａｐｌａｃｅｓｐａｃｅｉｓｄｅｒｉｖｅｄ .ＩｎＲｅｆ.[2 ] ,ｔｈｅｔｒａｎｓｉｅｎｔｅｌｌｉｐｔｉｃａｌｆｌｏｗｉｓｒｅｓｅａｒｃｈｅｄｏｎｍｏｄｅｌｏｆｅｘｐａｎｄｉｎｇｒｅｃｔａｎｇｌｅ .Ｔ…     

用有限解析差分格式数值求解化学输运方程

本文用有限解析差分格式研究在多孔介质中化学输运问题的数值模型,系统地计算结果表明:1.有限解析差分格式能够消除数值弥散和伪振荡; 2.随着弥散数(Peclct数)的减小(增加),浓度突破曲线将延迟到达和形状变陡,最终趋近浓度对流曲线;3.当流速数增加后,非稳态吸附对浓度分布的影响趋近稳态吸附的影响。     

Law of nonlinear flow in saturated clays and radial consolidation

It was derived that micro-scale amount level of average pore radius of clay changed from 0.01 to 0.1 micron by an equivalent concept of flow in porous media.There is good agreement between the derived results and test ones.Results of experiments show that flow in micro-scale pore of saturated clays follows law of nonlinear flow.Theoretical analyses demonstrate that an interaction of solid-liquid interfaces varies inversely with permeability or porous radius.The interaction is an important reason why nonlinear flow in saturated clays occurs.An exact mathematical model was presented for nonlinear flow in micro-scaie pore of saturated clays.Dimension and physical meanings of parameters of it are definite.A new law of nonlinear flow in saturated clays was established.It can describe characteristics of flow curve of the whole process of the nonlinear flow from low hydraulic gradient to high one.Darcy law is a special case of the new law.A math- ematical model was presented for consolidation of nonlinear flow in radius direction in saturated clays with constant rate based on the new law of nonlinear flow.Equations of average mass conservation and moving boundary,and formula of excess pore pressure distribution and average degree of consolidation for nonlinear flow in saturated clay were derived by using an idea of viscous boundary layer,a method of steady state in stead of transient state and a method of integral of an equation.Laws of excess pore pressure distribution and changes of average degree of consolidation with time were obtained.Re- suits show that velocity of moving boundary decreases because of the nonlinear flow in saturated clay.The results can provide geology engineering and geotechnical engineering of saturated clay with new scientific bases.Calculations of average degree of consolidation of the Darcy flow are a special case of that of the nonlinear flow.     

ANALYSIS OF CHARACTERISTICS OF PRESSURE CURVE IN GAS-CONDENSATE WELLS

This paper utilizes a flow equation with a sink item that describes the characteristics of pressure-time chart when the pressure is higher than the maximum condensate pressure.We have established a sink item to show the influence of accumulation of condensate liquid according to Duhamet Principle of Superposition,and introduced two coefficients for it:condensing strength R_D and condensing relaxation timeλ_D.This paper gives the principle and the quantitative expression of the well pressure influenced by condensate function in the flow equation.An analytical solution for an infinite system is obtained(constant rate).These results can be used to analyse the unsteady flow test of constant production.     

NEW STUDYING OF LATTICE BOLTZMANN METHOD FOR TWO-PHASE DRIVEN IN POROUS MEDIA

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溶质输运问题的数值反演解

溶液在多孔介质中渗流,将发生溶质弥散、吸附、沉淀、离子交换等物理、化学作用。研究这种化学输运过程,对三次采油提高原油采收率以及地下污水处理,都有重要意义。Tang用Laplace变换法分别研究了单向和径向输运问题,经过解析反演,求得了精确解。但解是用复杂的旁义积分表的,不仅很难分析公式中各物理量的意义,而且求其数值结果也很繁琐,不易推广应...