Preparation of graphene on SiC by laser-accelerated pulsed ion beams

Laser-accelerated ion beams (LIBs) have been increasingly applied in the field of material irradiation in recent years due to the unique properties of ultra-short beam duration, extremely high beam current, etc. Here we explore an application of using laser-accelerated ion beams to prepare graphene. The pulsed LIBs produced a great instantaneous beam current and thermal effect on the SiC samples with a shooting frequency of 1 Hz. In the experiment, we controlled the deposition dose by adjusting the number of shootings and the irradiating current by adjusting the distance between the sample and the ion source. During annealing at 1100 ℃, we found that the 190 shots ion beams allowed more carbon atoms to self-assemble into graphene than the 10 shots case. By comparing with the controlled experiment based on ion beams from a traditional ion accelerator, we found that the laser-accelerated ion beams could cause greater damage in a very short time. Significant thermal effect was induced when the irradiation distance was reduced to less than 1 cm, which could make partial SiC self-annealing to prepare graphene dots directly. The special effects of LIBs indicate their vital role to change the structure of the irradiation sample.     

泡沫镍/环氧树脂/碳化硅双连续复合材料的料浆冲蚀行为研究

设计并制备出一种颗粒增强型双连续三元复合材料--泡沫镍/环氧树脂/碳化硅双连续复合材料,以材料的总损失量为重点研究了其在含氯化钠料浆冲蚀条件下的损伤行为.结果表明:颗粒增强的泡沫镍/环氧树脂/碳化硅双连续三元复合材料的耐料浆冲蚀性能明显优于环氧树脂/碳化硅二元复合材料;不同孔径泡沫镍骨架的复合材料的冲蚀量随攻角变化出现了不同的峰值;合理匹配泡沫镍骨架的孔径和体密度,可制备出具有优异抗冲蚀性能的颗粒增强双连续复合材料.     

纤维编织材料超高速撞击特性实验研究

与铝合金等材料相比,纤维编织材料具有质量轻、可柔性折叠等优点,可应用于柔性充气展开防护结构,进而构建多屏、大间距防护结构,提升防护效率。考虑不同性能纤维编织材料对多屏防护结构防护性能的影响,通过实验研究了不同材料制成的多屏防护结构对空间碎片的防护性能,防护屏材料包括玄武岩纤维编织材料、芳纶纤维编织材料及铝板。在超高速弹丸撞击载荷作用下,与多屏铝板防护结构相比,多屏纤维编织材料防护结构具有更高的防碎片撞击效果;对多屏纤维编织材料防护结构来说,前两屏采用玄武岩纤维编织材料,后两屏采用芳纶纤维编织材料时,防护效果更好,说明多屏防护结构的前置防护屏采用软化温度较高的无机纤维编织材料时,可能会更好地破碎弹丸,从而提高防护结构的碎片撞击防护性能。     

C24N24负载Sc单原子催化剂催化甲烷氧化为甲醇的理论计算

甲醇是一种很有前途的清洁能源，有望替代不可再生的石油能源.因此，将储量巨大，但不易运输的甲烷氧化为甲醇具有十分重要的意义.首先通过密度泛函理论(density functional theory, DFT)计算研究了Sc原子与C₂₄N₂₄之间的稳定性.结果表明，Sc原子与C₂₄N₂₄的结合能(-9.064 eV)小于Sc原子的内聚能(-4.518 eV),即Sc@C₂₄N₂₄具有良好的稳定性.在此基础上，进一步研究了甲烷在Sc@C₂₄N₂₄表面催化氧化制备甲醇的工艺过程，以N₂O为氧化剂在Sc@C₂₄N₂₄单原子上进行甲醇的催化氧化反应.结果表明：N₂O首先吸附在Sc@C₂₄N₂₄上，然后直接分解为N₂和O_ads.N₂...