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1.
Saxitoxin is one of the most harmful paralytic shellfish toxins due to its high toxicity and adverse effects on the environment and human health. Aptasensors provide simple detection procedures because they have the advantages of chemical stability, easy synthesis and modification, and high convenience in signal transformation. Surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) is an analytical technique that amplifies the analytical signals of molecules at extremely low concentrations, or even at the single molecule level, when the analyte is very close to rough metal surfaces or nanostructures. In this study, an SERS aptasensor is reported for the determination of saxitoxin for the first time. The optimized saxitoxin aptamer (M-30f) was modified on gold nanoparticles and served as the recognition element. Crystal violet was used as the Raman reporter without chemical bounding. The analytical principles of the aptasensor are that saxitoxin destabilized the conformations of the aptamer at high temperature conditions and altered the binding of crystal violet on the gold nanoparticles. In the presence of saxitoxin, the conformation of aptamer containing the G-quadruplex that selectively bound crystal violet unfolded to a large extent and hence the crystal violet molecules were released from gold nanoparticles with a reduced SERS signal. The effects of the gold nanoparticle size, the amount of DNA, aptamer density, sodium chloride concentration, and operation temperature upon the SERS determination were optimized. The resulting simple SERS aptasensor was developed with a satisfactory limit of detection (11.7?nM) and selectivity. The application for the analysis of real shellfish samples with simple procedures demonstrates that this SERS aptasensor is promising for on-site applications.  相似文献   
2.
Paralytic shellfish toxins (PSTs) are produced by marine and freshwater microalgae and accumulate in shellfish including mussels, oysters, and scallops, causing possible fatalities when inadvertently consumed. Monitoring of PST content of shellfish is therefore important for food safety, with currently approved methods based on HPLC, using pre‐ or postcolumn oxidation for fluorescence detection (HPLC‐FLD). CE is an attractive alternative for screening and detection of PSTs as it is compatible with miniaturization and could be implemented in portable instrumentation for on‐site monitoring. In this study, CE methods were developed for C4D, FLD, UV absorption detection, and MS—making this first report of C4D and FLD for PSTs detection. Because most oxidized toxins are neutral, MEKC was used in combination with FLD. The developed CZE‐UV and CZE‐C4D methods provide better resolution, selectivity, and separation efficiency compared to CZE‐MS and MEKC‐FLD. The sensitivity of the CZE‐C4D and MEKC‐FLD methods was superior to UV and MS, with LOD values ranging from 140 to 715 ng/mL for CZE‐C4D and 60.9 to 104 ng/mL for MEKC‐FLD. With the regulatory limit for shellfish samples of 800 ng/mL, the CZE‐C4D and MEKC‐FLD methods were evaluated for the screening and detection of PSTs in shellfish samples. While the CZE‐C4D method suffered from significant interferences from the shellfish matrix, MEKC‐FLD was successfully used for PST screening of a periodate‐oxidized mussel sample, with results confirmed by HPLC‐FLD. This confirms the potential of MEKC‐FLD for screening of PSTs in shellfish samples.  相似文献   
3.
采取微波消解的前处理手段消解样品,经泡沫塑料分离富集后,用石墨炉原子吸收光谱法测定贝类水产品中痕量铊。以1.5 mL Fe3+,2 mL H2O2和5%王水介质作为吸附体系将样品中铊分离富集,再以硝酸钯、抗坏血酸作为基体改进剂进行测定。铊的质量浓度在0~50μg/L范围内线性良好,相关系数为0.999 7,方法的检出限可达0.07μg/g。测定结果的相对别准偏差为1.53%~4.01%(n=7),加标回收率为87.1%~98.3%。泡沫塑料富集–石墨炉子吸收光谱法测定贝类水产品中痕量铊是一种准确、安全、便捷的检测方法。  相似文献   
4.
韩深  王珮玥  刘萤  古瑾  吕美玲  王金花 《色谱》2013,31(10):939-945
采用超高效液相色谱-串联质谱(UHPLC-MS/MS)技术,建立了贻贝、牡蛎、蚌类、扇贝等食用贝类及其制品中3种天然形式的原多甲藻酸(azaspiracid-1, azaspiracid-2, azaspiracid-3)贝类毒素的检测方法。样品采用乙腈-水(85:15, v/v)混合液均质提取,应用QuEChERS技术净化,以0.2 μm微孔滤膜过滤,在乙腈-水(含5 mmol/L醋酸铵和0.1%甲酸)体系下进行梯度洗脱,并在ZORBAX Eclipse Plus C18柱(100 mm×2.1 mm, 1.8 μm)上实现3种贝类毒素的基线分离。该方法采用多反应监测(MRM)模式扫描,采用标准曲线外标法定量。3种原多甲藻酸在1~100 μg/kg范围内线性关系良好,相关系数(r2)均大于0.995; 3种贝类毒素的定量限(S/N=10)均为1.0 μg/kg;在10、20和50 μg/kg 3个加标水平的添加回收率在71%~108%之间,日内和日间测定的相对标准偏差≤10%(n=6)。应用该方法对国内外多个地区的贝类产品进行了筛查测定,发现部分样品的测定结果为阳性。该方法灵敏度高,重复性好,操作简便、快捷,适用于食用贝类及其制品中3种原多甲藻酸贝类毒素的分析测定。  相似文献   
5.
鱼、贝类等水产品中全氟化合物分析方法的研究   总被引:8,自引:1,他引:7  
以高效液相色谱-串联质谱联用(HPLC-MS/MS)方法测定了鱼和贝类常见水产品样品中的9种全氟化合物。鱼和贝类样品前处理采用碱消解后固相萃取的方法,并选取WAX(Oasis,Waters)作为固相萃取柱,洗提液经N2浓缩定容后用HPLC-MS/MS检测。方法对标准的回收率为97.6%~120.8%,并且对实际样品也得到了很好的回收效果;除贝类样品中PFDoDA和PFTA回收率较低外,对鱼肉和贝类样品的加标回收实验都取得了较为满意的结果。目标物的分离采用Acclaim 120 C18反相柱(150 mm×4.6 mm,5μm),以CH3OH和50 mmol/L NH4Ac为淋洗液进行二元梯度淋洗,10 min内即可完成对全氟己烷磺酸(PFHxS)、全氟辛烷磺酸(PFOS)和7种全氟羧酸(C7~C12,C14)的分析,方法对样品中9种分析物的检出限可达到0.16~2.0 ng/g(10μL进样)。  相似文献   
6.
建立了不同鱼贝类肌肉组织中以氘代同位素为内标测定环丙氟哌酸残留量的液相色谱-串联质谱(LC-MS/MS)方法。样品加入内标环丙氟哌酸-D8和磷酸盐缓冲溶液(pH 7.0)后进行匀质并用乙腈超声提取,经正己烷脱脂后采用Waters Oasis MAX小柱净化,在Cloversil-C18柱上,以乙腈-0.05%三氟醋酸(体积比为25∶75)为流动相,采用多反应监测(MRM)模式,液相色谱-电喷雾质谱法测定。根据环丙氟哌酸和氘代内标物的定量离子质量色谱图的峰面积比值,采用内标法定量。结果表明,环丙氟哌酸和内标的定量离子峰面积比值与环丙氟哌酸浓度在0.1~50.0 μg/kg范围内呈现良好的线性关系,相关系数为0.9991,方法的定量检测限为0.1 μg/kg,回收率为92.5%~98.1%,相对标准偏差(RSD)小于4.3%。将该方法用于市场上10种鱼和贝类样品的检测,结果表明该法具有灵敏、准确的优点,完全满足残留分析的确证检测要求。  相似文献   
7.
Tri(n-butyl)tin (TBT) concentrations were determined in sediments and selected shellfish from Suva Harbour, Fiji. Sediments in the immediate vicinity of foreshore slipways and boatyards were exceedingly contaminated, with a maximum observed level of 38μ g?1 TBT-Sn. Concentrations were much lower in surficial sediments from commercial docks and yacht mooring areas, namely 16–83 ng g?1 TBT-Sn. Mangrove oysters (Crassostrea mordax), gastropods (Thais mancinella), and bivalves (Anadara scapha) were found to have accumulated TBT. Concentrations as high as 3180 ng g?1 TBT-Sn were found in mangrove oysters. With respect to the mangrove oyster, its widespread distribution, abundance and proclivity to accumulate TBT suggest that it is likely to be the best bioindicator species of TBT contamination in Fijian coastal waters.  相似文献   
8.
The analysis of a batch of toxic mussels (Mytilus galloprovincialis) from the Northern Adriatic Sea led to the isolation of a novel oxazinin, oxazinin-4. Its structure including the relative stereochemistry has been elucidated through extensive NMR analysis. A synthetic route to oxazinins has been crucial in establishing the absolute stereochemistry of oxazinin-4 and for reassigning the absolute C-2 configuration of oxazinin-1 and -2 previously isolated from toxic shellfish and stereostructurally characterized.  相似文献   
9.
象山港毛蚶群体组成以2龄贝为主,占66.10%。体重与壳长之间关系为W=10-4×1.1.175L.其生长规律可用Logitic自然生长方程L1=39.2739/1(1+(为月份)描述。壳长生长曲线的拐点为30月龄,体重生长曲线的拐点为66月龄,合理采捕时间应在生长转折点以后,主要采捕28~34mm大规格的4龄贝,黄墩港和铁港两支港毛蚶的资源实际结算量为929.25t,理论估算量为924.78t,合理捕捞量估算为270~370t采捕季节规定为12月至翌年3月为宜。  相似文献   
10.
影响海洋微藻生产麻痹性贝类毒素的重要生态因素   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
麻痹性贝类毒素是有害赤潮海洋微藻生产的重要毒素种类,本文综述了影响该类毒素的主要生态因素有光,温度,盐度和营养盐4类;弱光对毒素合成有抑制作用。低温下PSP毒素产量高,通过对营养盐吸收机制的离子效应,盐度可影响毒素的生命合成,不同种类和株系对N、P限制的反应有极大差异。  相似文献   
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