全文获取类型
收费全文 | 2448篇 |
免费 | 630篇 |
国内免费 | 487篇 |
专业分类
化学 | 2163篇 |
晶体学 | 51篇 |
力学 | 56篇 |
综合类 | 19篇 |
数学 | 112篇 |
物理学 | 1164篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 5篇 |
2023年 | 57篇 |
2022年 | 140篇 |
2021年 | 136篇 |
2020年 | 214篇 |
2019年 | 134篇 |
2018年 | 121篇 |
2017年 | 135篇 |
2016年 | 165篇 |
2015年 | 128篇 |
2014年 | 213篇 |
2013年 | 238篇 |
2012年 | 154篇 |
2011年 | 156篇 |
2010年 | 106篇 |
2009年 | 117篇 |
2008年 | 155篇 |
2007年 | 134篇 |
2006年 | 102篇 |
2005年 | 100篇 |
2004年 | 93篇 |
2003年 | 115篇 |
2002年 | 79篇 |
2001年 | 85篇 |
2000年 | 101篇 |
1999年 | 57篇 |
1998年 | 45篇 |
1997年 | 39篇 |
1996年 | 39篇 |
1995年 | 40篇 |
1994年 | 33篇 |
1993年 | 19篇 |
1992年 | 21篇 |
1991年 | 13篇 |
1990年 | 15篇 |
1989年 | 5篇 |
1988年 | 9篇 |
1987年 | 6篇 |
1986年 | 2篇 |
1985年 | 8篇 |
1984年 | 11篇 |
1983年 | 2篇 |
1982年 | 5篇 |
1981年 | 6篇 |
1980年 | 1篇 |
1979年 | 3篇 |
1977年 | 1篇 |
1976年 | 1篇 |
1974年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有3565条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
Asymmetric mode transformation in waveguide is of great significance for on-chip integrated devices with one-way effect, while it is challenging to achieve asymmetric nonlinear-mode-conversion (NMC) due to the limitations imposed by phase-matching. In this work, we theoretically proposed a new scheme for realizing asymmetric NMC by combining frequency-doubling process and periodic PT symmetric modulation in an optical waveguide. By engineering the one-way momentum from PT symmetric modulation, we have demonstrated the unidirectional conversion from pump to second harmonic with desired guided modes. Our findings offer new opportunities for manipulating nonlinear optical fields with PT symmetry, which could further boost more exploration on on-chip nonlinear devices assisted by non-Hermitian optics. 相似文献
2.
Laxmi Narayan Tripathi Sourabh Barua 《Progress in Crystal Growth and Characterization of Materials》2019,65(4):100465
This review article covers the growth and characterization of two-dimensional (2D) crystals of transition metal chalcogenides, h-BN, graphene, etc. The chemical vapor transport method for bulk single crystal growth is discussed in detail. Top-down methods like mechanical and liquid exfoliation and bottom-up methods like chemical vapor deposition and molecular beam epitaxy for mono/few-layer growth are described. The optimal characterization techniques such as optical, atomic force, scanning electron, and Raman spectroscopy for identification of mono/few-layer(s) of the 2D crystals are discussed. In addition, a survey was done for the application of 2D crystals for both creation and deterministic transfer of single-photon sources and photovoltaic systems. Finally, the application of plasmonic nanoantenna was proposed for enhanced solar-to-electrical energy conversion and faster/brighter quantum communication devices. 相似文献
3.
Tuan Anh Pham 《International journal of quantum chemistry》2019,119(1):e25795
Understanding physicochemical properties of liquid electrolytes is essential for predicting and optimizing device performance for a wide variety of emerging energy technologies, including photoelectrochemical water splitting, supercapacitors, and batteries. In this work, we review recent progress and open challenges in predicting structural, dynamical, and electronic properties of the liquids using first-principles approaches. We briefly summarize the basic concepts of first-principles molecular dynamics (FPMD), and we discuss how FPMD methods have enriched our understanding of a number of liquids, including aqueous solutions, organic electrolytes and ionic liquids. We also discuss technical challenges in extending FPMD simulations to the study of liquid electrolytes in more complex environments, including the interface between electrolytes and electrodes, which is a key component in many energy storage and conversion systems. 相似文献
4.
《Indagationes Mathematicae》2021,32(6):1229-1239
5.
We describe all subdirectly irreducible medial quandles. We show that they fall within one of four disjoint classes. In particular, in the finite case they are either connected (and therefore Alexander quandles) or reductive. Moreover, we provide a representation of all non-connected subdirectly irreducible medial quandles. 相似文献
6.
7.
The carbon composite materials have been a research hotspot in the fields of catalysis, energy conversion and so on, because of their features of large structure and morphology variety, good chemical and electrochemical stability, and high electronic conductivity, large specific surface area and rich active sites. This paper summarizes some research progress of carbon composite materials, including assembly methodologies, their structure regulation, properties, and related applications. Moreover, the current challenges and the prospects of these materials are also discussed. 相似文献
8.
Residual oil, the residue after the distillation of crude oil, imposes deleterious effects on refinery due to its high viscosity and asphaltene content. In this context, ultrasonic technology has been widely applied in refining processes given its high efficiency and minimal environmental impacts. To guide the selection of operation parameters, in this work, we probed the effect of treatment duration, power, and hydrogen donor on the characteristics of residual oil under ultrasonic treatments. Underlying mechanisms of ultrasonic treatments, in the absence and presence of hydrogen donors, were verified through systematically analyzing viscosity, component conversion, molecular weight, hydrogen distribution, and functional groups of residual oil. While viscosity reductions under low-power density treatment are caused by colloidal system disaggregation, high-power density treatment can bring in both chemical bond cleavage and colloidal system disaggregation. In addition, adding hydrogen donor can effectively prevent radical recombination, and thus increases the yield of saturate. These results provide fundamental understandings on the effects of ultrasonic treatments. 相似文献
9.
《Wave Motion》2020
Analytical solutions are reported for the scattering coefficients of a solid elastic sphere suspended in a viscous fluid for arbitrary partial wave order. Expressions are derived for incident compressional and shear wave modes, taking into account the viscosity of the surrounding fluid and resultant wave mode conversion. The long compressional wavelength limit is employed to simplify the derivation, whereas no restriction is placed on the shear wavelength in the fluid compared to the particle dimension. The analytical approximations are compared with numerical results obtained from matrix inversion of the boundary equations and agree within the validity domain of the solutions. 相似文献
10.
Alexandru Vlasceanu Dr. Søren L. Broman Anne S. Hansen Anders B. Skov Prof. Dr. Martina Cacciarini Prof. Dr. Anders Kadziola Prof. Dr. Henrik G. Kjaergaard Prof. Dr. Kurt V. Mikkelsen Prof. Dr. Mogens Brøndsted Nielsen 《Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2016,22(31):10796-10800
The conversion and efficient storage of solar energy is recognized to hold significant potential with regard to future energy solutions. Molecular solar thermal batteries based on photochromic systems exemplify one possible technology able to harness and apply this potential. Herein is described the synthesis of a macrocycle based on a dimer of the dihydroazulene/vinylheptafulvene (DHA/VHF) photo/thermal couple. By taking advantage of conformational strain, this DHA–DHA macrocycle presents an improved ability to absorb and store incident light energy in chemical bonds (VHF–VHF). A stepwise energy release over two sequential ring‐closing reactions (VHF→DHA) combines the advantages of an initially fast discharge, hypothetically addressing immediate energy consumption needs, followed by a slow process for consistent, long‐term use. This exemplifies another step forward in the molecular engineering and design of functional organic materials towards solar thermal energy storage and release. 相似文献