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1.
Cinnarizine is a weak base, which can produce supersaturation and precipitation during gastrointestinal transit, affecting its absorption in vivo. Therefore, it is necessary to investigate whether the oral bioavailability of cinnarizine can be improved after co-administration with precipitation inhibitors or not. In order to evaluate the pharmacokinetic behavior of cinnarizine in rats, a simple, rapid, sensitive, and environmentally friendly supercritical fluid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometric method was established and validated. In this method, flunarizine, a structural analogue of cinnarizine, was selected as the internal standard, and cinnarizine was extracted from rat plasma using evaporation-free liquid–liquid extraction method. The analytes were separated on a Torus 1-AA column (3.0 mm × 100 mm, 1.7 μm) within 2.0 min, using a gradient elution procedure. The transitions of cinnarizine and flunarizine were m/z 369.1 → 167.1 and m/z 405.1 → 203.1, respectively. Cinnarizine showed good linear correlation in the range of 1–500 ng/ml with a lower limit of quantification of 1 ng/ml. The intra- and interday precision and accuracy of all quality control samples were within ±15%. This high-throughput, accurate, sensitive, and reproducible method has been successfully applied to study the effects of the precipitation inhibitor cinnarizine on the pharmacokinetics in rats.  相似文献   
2.
人教版初中化学首个探究性实验"蜡烛及其燃烧"明确指出火焰的划分方法,但在实际教学中肉眼观察法和火柴梗燃烧法对蜡烛火焰的划分存在一定的局限性。采用文献研究法和实验验证法分析其局限性的成因——燃料的析炭能力强弱、材料结构的不同等,并提出相应的改进建议。  相似文献   
3.
王荣  马丞惠 《化学教育》2019,40(6):89-90
目前,均相沉淀法在大学分析化学实验中已很少采用。高锰酸钾间接滴定法测定钙含量是大学分析化学实验中的经典实验之一,历史上存在均相沉淀法和传统沉淀法2种不同的沉淀操作。虽然我国现有大学分析化学实验中已不采用均相沉淀法进行该实验,但在某些分析化学实验教材中,却存在概念混乱的现象,即把传统沉淀法称作均相沉淀法。对这种现象进行了探讨和总结。  相似文献   
4.
Reflux precipitation polymerization (RPP) represents an effective approach that enables to prepare various types of polymeric nanogels with precise control over the morphology and structure. Owing to facile loading or modification by a variety of functional moieties, rationally designed nanogels pose the possibility to attain a platform for tailoring functional properties that could be widely used for various biomedical applications, such as multifunctional drug delivery, enrichment of functional peptides, separation of specific proteins, as well as detection of circulating tumor cells. This feature article highlights RPP as a promising polymerization strategy that provides access to facile generation of modular nanostructures or multifunctional properties in a diverse range of biomedical applications, proving that RPP has great potential to become one of the most attractive polymerization techniques in polymer chemistry.  相似文献   
5.
Obesity is associated with alterations in the composition and amounts of lipids. Lipids have over 1.7 million representatives. Most lipid groups differ in composition, properties and chemical structure. These small molecules control various metabolic pathways, determine the metabolism of other compounds and are substrates for the syntheses of different derivatives. Recently, lipidomics has become an important branch of medical/clinical sciences similar to proteomics and genomics. Due to the much higher lipid accumulation in obese patients and many alterations in the compositions of various groups of lipids, the methods used for sample preparations for lipidomic studies of samples from obese subjects sometimes have to be modified. Appropriate sample preparation methods allow for the identification of a wide range of analytes by advanced analytical methods, including mass spectrometry. This is especially the case in studies with obese subjects, as the amounts of some lipids are much higher, others are present in trace amounts, and obese subjects have some specific alterations of the lipid profile. As a result, it is best to use a method previously tested on samples from obese subjects. However, most of these methods can be also used in healthy, nonobese subjects or patients with other dyslipidemias. This review is an overview of sample preparation methods for analysis as one of the major critical steps in the overall analytical procedure.  相似文献   
6.
采用沉淀水热法,通过调变水热过程中水与凝胶的质量比制备了不同的AlOOH,将其与工业甲醇催化剂C302混合形成复合催化剂,考察复合催化剂对一氧化碳加氢的影响,同时运用XRD、FT-IR、BET、NH_3-TPD-M S、TG-DTG和H_2-TPR等技术对不同AlOOH进行了表征。结果表明,水热过程中水与凝胶的质量比对AlOOH择优取向晶面、孔结构、表面酸强度等存在明显影响,进而导致复合催化剂产物中出现分布不同的低碳醇或二甲醚。其中,当水和凝胶的质量比为2∶1时,AlOOH的(020)和(120)晶面择优取向,孔容增大,且其表面具有适宜的强弱酸比例中心,复合催化剂呈现出较高的低碳醇选择性,表明AlOOH具有碳链增长的作用,这为合成气制取低碳醇催化剂提供了新的思路。  相似文献   
7.
In this study, maghemite (γ‐Fe2O3) nanoparticles were initially synthesized via chemical co‐precipitation and then deposited by spray pyrolysis as thin films on white glass substrates. The thin films were annealed for 8 h at 400, 450, 500, 550, and 600 °C in an oven. The structural studies of maghemite nanoparticles were carried out using X‐ray diffractometer. Structural properties that we investigated by X‐ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, SEM, and Energy dispersive X‐ray analysis (EDS). Optical properties of the samples were also investigated by ultraviolet‐visible (UV–vis) spectroscopy. The results showed that maghemite nanoparticles have crystalline structure with domain that increases in size with increasing annealing temperature. The optical band gap values were found to reduce from 2.9 to 2.4 eV with increase in annealing temperature. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   
8.
为了获得高性能的聚丙烯腈(PAN)基碳纤维,采用高分子量PAN共聚物进行纺丝是最有效的解决途径。本文主要从聚合反应机理、共聚单体类型、引发剂种类、混合溶剂选择以及聚合工艺条件等五个方面出发,阐述了混合溶剂沉淀聚合制备高分子量PAN的工艺特点和研究现状。该工艺采用水/有机溶剂混合体系为反应介质,兼具均相溶液聚合和非均相聚合的双重优点,能够合成出高分子量且内部结构疏松的PAN共聚物,是制备高性能PAN前驱体的重要合成方法。  相似文献   
9.
10.
基因工程技术已经成为研究和生产重组人血清白蛋白(rHSA)替代人血清白蛋白(HSA)的重点技术,而白蛋白的纯化则是该技术的关键。本文主要介绍了从转基因猪血中纯化rHSA的一种新方法,即热乙醇沉淀与多级色谱分离相结合的rHSA纯化方法。热乙醇沉淀法可从猪血浆中获得rHSA粗提取液,此时rHSA的纯度可达69.5%,回收率达51.3%。进一步采用多级色谱分离法,即阴离子交换色谱和反相色谱法进一步纯化,得到rHSA的最终纯度约为100.0%,总回收率为41.1%。该方法为从转基因猪血浆中大规模纯化用于临床和生化研究的高纯度rHSA提供可能,同时也为rHSA替代HSA奠定了基础。  相似文献   
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