Peroxidase-Like Platinum Clusters Synthesized by Ganoderma lucidum Polysaccharide for Sensitively Colorimetric Detection of Dopamine

The sensitive and selective detection of dopamine (DA) is very important for the early diagnosis of DA-related diseases. In this study, we reported the colorimetric detection of DA using Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide (GLP) stabilized platinum nanoclusters (Pt_n-GLP NCs). When Pt₆₀₀-GLP NCs was added, 3,3’,5,5’-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) was rapidly catalyzed and oxidized to blue oxTMB, indicating the peroxidase-like activity of Pt₆₀₀-GLP NCs. The catalytic reaction on the substrate TMB followed the Michaelis-Menton kinetics with the ping-pong mechanism. The mechanism of the colorimetric reaction was mainly due to the formation of hydroxyl radical (•OH). Furthermore, the catalytic reaction of Pt₆₀₀-GLP NCs was used in the colorimetric detection of DA. The linear range for DA was 1–100 μM and the detection limit was 0.66 μM. The sensitive detection of DA using Pt-GLP NCs with peroxidase-like activity offers a simple and practical method that may have great potential applications in the biotechnology field.     

Synthesis and evaluation of the anticancer activity of the water-dispersible complexes of 4-acylaminoisoxazole derivative with biocompatible nanocontainers based on Ca2+ (Mg2+) cross-linked alginate

Water-dispersible complexes of 4-methyl-N-[5-methyl-3-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)isoxazol-4-yl]benzamide possessing anticancer activity were prepared by its immobilization with biocompatible polymer nanocontainers based on sodium alginate cross-linked with Ca²⁺ and Mg²⁺ ions. It was found that this isoxazole derivative retains its structure during immobilization. Colloidal stable nanocontainers filled with this compound exhibit toxicity toward the colon carcinoma (HCT116) tumor cell line.     

实时直接分析质谱分析中草药多糖

建立了一种机械力化学提取法和实时直接分析质谱(DART-MS)分析相结合的中草药多糖分析方法,同时测定了黄芪、银耳、百合、茯苓、鼓槌石斛、金钗石斛、铁皮石斛和党参8种中草药多糖。比较了机械力化学提取(MCE)法与传统方法的提取效果,并优化了MCE法的提取参数。通过体积排阻色谱分离中草药多糖,建立分子质量校准曲线,估算了多糖分子质量。利用DART-MS直接裂解多糖大分子,可瞬时获得m/z<350的碎片离子,不同的中草药多糖得到的特征性的质谱离子峰可用于多糖样品的有效区分。该方法具有简单、快速、高通量、无需预消化的特点,是直接从复杂多糖大分子中获取特征指纹图谱的有力工具。     

Preparation and physicochemical properties of konjac glucomannan ibuprofen ester as a polysaccharide-drug conjugate

Abstract

A novel drug-polysaccharide conjugate with konjac glucomannan (KGM) as a drug carrier was fabricated through the esterification of ibuprofen (IBU), an anti-inflammatory drug, with KGM. The influences of the reaction conditions, such as the amount of ibuprofen acryl chloride, reaction time, reaction temperature, and the amount of catalyst, on the degree of substitution were investigated. KGM ibuprofen ester (KGM-IBU) was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectrometry (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), solid-state ¹³C NMR, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA). The hydrophobic structure of IBU in KGM-IBU was proven by the fluorescence emission spectra of pyrene. In addition, by using commercially available ibuprofen sustained-release capsules (IBU-SRC) as a control, the in vitro controlled release performance of KGM-IBU was evaluated. The cumulative release of IBU-SRC within 36?h was 94%, while that of KGM-IBU within 36?h was 77%. The results showed that KGM-IBU had better sustained-release performance without a burst release effect. The obtained products could be used as a potential biocompatible sustained-release drug delivery system.     

Effects of a High-Molecular-Weight Polysaccharides Isolated from Korean Persimmon on the Antioxidant,Anti-Inflammatory,and Antiwrinkle Activity

Persimmon (Diospyros kaki), a familiar and widespread fruit worldwide, is known to exhibit several physiological effects because of the presence of pharmacologically active compounds called phytochemicals. However, its high-molecular-weight compounds, particularly polysaccharides, have not been extensively studied. In this study, D. kaki extract (DK) was fractionated into low- and high-molecular-weight fractions (DK-L and DK-H, respectively) through ethanol fractionation, and their effects on antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antiwrinkle activities were investigated by an in vitro system. DK-H contained significantly higher contents of neutral sugar, uronic acid, and polyphenols compared to DK and DK-L. Furthermore, DK-H exhibited significantly improved pharmacological activities, such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antiwrinkle properties, compared to those of DK and DK-L, demonstrating that DK-H may play an important role in mediating the beneficial effects of persimmon. Sugar composition analysis and molecular characterization indicated that DK-H consisted of a galacturonic acid (GalA)-rich polysaccharide with a molecular weight of >345 kDa that mainly comprised GalA and small amounts of neutral sugar and polyphenol residues. These results suggest that the bioactive fraction DK-H is likely to be a GalA-rich pectic polysaccharide containing a small number of polyphenol residues, which may be a novel candidate in the pharmaceutical and cosmeceutical industries.     

分光光度法在制备负载型多糖吸附污水中铅的应用

本文用不同活性炭制备了负载型多糖（活性炭改良）,多糖的负载率用硫酸苯酚法测定,标准曲线回归方程为Y=0.005906X+0.1234（ r=0.9998）,RSD为0.7%,线性范围为5~50.0mg/L,耶壳活性炭多糖负载率最高为65.71%。用自制负载型多糖清除污水中的铅,以甲基百里香酚蓝为显色剂,用光度法测定铅吸附率,测定条件为,室温、波长为610nm、甲醇为增敏剂、pH为6、显色剂用量为1.5mg/L,反应时间50min,方法的标准曲线回归方程为Y=0.0682X+0.1825（r=0.9999）,线性范围为0～8.0mg/L。平均6次的检出限为0.2mg/L,加标回收率在96.8%～102.3%,RSD为0.39%～3.2%,同时作了共存离子的干扰。结果不同负载型多糖对铅离子的吸附不同,其中椰壳活性炭负载多糖对铅的吸附最大为28.61%,比相应活性炭对铅的吸附高了16.08%。将多糖负载在活性炭上,可明显提高对铅离子的吸附,所以该研究为清除实际污水乃至土壤中的铅提供依据。     

Antiproliferative effects of levan polysaccharide against colorectal cancer cells mediated through oxidative stress-stimulated HOTAIR/Akt signaling pathway: In vitro

The overexpression of lncRNA HOTAIR can result in cancer progression through upregulation of the Akt signaling pathway. We aimed to evaluate the anticancer effects of levan polysaccharide from Erwinia herbicola on colorectal cancer cells (HT-29) and explore the role of the ROS-mediated HOTAIR/Akt signaling pathway. The HT-29 cancer cells were treated with levan either alone or along with N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC), as a potential antioxidant for 24 hrs and different assays including MTT, LDH, ROS, apoptosis, SOD activity, CAT activity, caspase-3 activity, qRT-PCR, and western blot analysis were performed. It was shown that levan treatment induces apparent reduction in cell viability, SOD and CAT activity, HOTAIR expression, the ratio of pAkt protein level and a significant increase in the ROS level, apoptosis induction, and caspase-3 activity, which were effectively suppressed by NAC co-treatment. These data indicated the effective antiproliferative effect of levan on colorectal cancer cells, in which downregulation of ROS-mediated HOTAIR/Akt plays an important role.     

多糖化学合成研究进展

多糖是一类结构复杂的生物大分子，广泛分布于微生物、植物、动物等生物体中，参与众多重要的生命过程.然而，多糖研究一直受限于难以获得足量结构均一的多糖物质，这使得多糖的结构和功能研究及其相关的应用研究进展缓慢.近几十年来，随着糖合成技术的进步，糖的化学合成效率不断提高，人们开始关注复杂多糖的化学合成，并取得了一些进展.本文主要对多糖化学合成所涉及的糖基化方法、糖组装策略和代表性的合成工作进行综述，并对研究前景进行展望.