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1.
I-motif作为一种新型pH敏感元件,因其在不同pH条件下可以进行快速的构象转变,以及具有自动化合成、优异的生物相容性和灵活的功能化整合等优点,在生物医学领域引起了广泛的关注和研究热潮。该文介绍了i-motif的基本性能,综述了基于i-motif的纳米系统在细胞pH成像、pH控制的药物释放和pH响应型肿瘤诊疗一体化等生物医学领域的应用研究进展,总结了基于i-motif的纳米系统在生物医学应用中面临的挑战,并展望了基于i-motif的纳米系统在精准医学中的应用前景。  相似文献   
2.
Polymersomes have gained much interest within the biomedical field as drug delivery systems due to their ability to transport and protect cargo from the harsh environment inside the body. For an improved drug efficacy, control over cargo release is however also an important factor to take into account. An often employed method is to incorporate pH sensitive groups in the vesicle membrane, which induce disassembly and content release when the particles have reached a target site in the body with the appropriate pH, such as the acidic microenvironment of tumor tissue or the endosome. In this paper, biodegradable poly(ethylene glycol)-poly(caprolactone-gradient-trimethylene carbonate)-based polymeric vesicles have been developed with disassembly features at mild acidic conditions. Modifying the polymer backbone with imidazole moieties results in vesicle disassembly upon protonation due to the lowered pH. Furthermore, upon increasing the pH efficient re-assembly into vesicles is observed due to the switchable amphiphilic nature of the polymer. When this re-assembly process is conducted in presence of cargo, enhanced encapsulation is achieved. Furthermore, the potency of the polymeric system for future biomedical applications such as adjuvant delivery is demonstrated.  相似文献   
3.
用硫辛酸修饰壳聚糖并制备纳米粒子,用催化量的二硫苏糖醇(DTT)处理得到二硫键交联的壳聚糖纳米粒子.二硫键结构的引入不仅使纳米粒子具有还原相应性,而且还引入疏水基团,疏水性的抗癌药阿霉素和荧光探针荧光素通过疏水作用负载于纳米粒子内.二硫交联结构的形成使负载的阿霉素在没有还原剂的环境中(模拟血液的低还原环境)的释放速率大大减慢,而在10 mmoL/L DTT(模拟细胞内高浓度谷胱甘肽环境)存在下,交联纳米粒子负载的阿霉素快速释放,这可归因于DTT还原二硫键使交联结构破坏.流式细胞实验表明,当介质的pH值由7.4(血液和正常组织pH值)降低到7.0、6.8和6.5(模拟肿瘤组织的微酸性环境)时,交联纳米粒子进入细胞的倾向逐渐增加,这是由于在中性环境中纳米粒子表面是电中性和亲水性的,而在酸性介质中,氨基的质子化使纳米粒子表面带正电荷,zeta电位数据证实这种推断.细胞毒性实验表明,在pH6.5的环境中负载阿霉素的交联纳米粒子对HeLa细胞的毒性大于在pH 7.4时的毒性.  相似文献   
4.
A novel amphiphilic supramolecular polymer (ASP) with rigid linear main chain has been constructed by the co-assembly of a rigid amphiphilic monomer and cucurbit[8]uril (CB[8]) in water, driven by CB[8]-based host-guest interactions. The ASP could further self-assemble into well-defined architectures including nanotubes and 2D films, depending on its concentration. Moreover, pH-responsive behavior of the ASP was also observed.  相似文献   
5.
A series of amino-acid-based amphiphilic diblock copolymer nano-objects having different morphologies were developed by reversible addition–fragmentation chain-transfer (RAFT) dispersion polymerization of styrene (St) in methanol. This was mediated by six different hydrophilic poly(N-acryloyl amino acid) macro-chain transfer agents (CTAs), including three carboxylic-acid-containing ones, poly(N-acryloyl-l -proline) (PAProOH), poly(N-acryloyl-4-trans-hydroxy-l -proline) (PAHypOH), and poly(N-acryloyl-l -threonine) (PAThrOH) prepared by RAFT polymerization, and their methyl ester forms, PAProOMe, PAHypOMe, and PAThrOMe. The effects of polymerization conditions on RAFT dispersion polymerization of St using a dithiocarbamate-terminated PAProOH was investigated. A systematic study of the effects of monomer conversion and concentration afforded the formation of various morphologies (i.e., spheres, worms, and vesicles). The effects of hydrogen-bonding and ionic interactions of the macro-CTAs on the assembled structures of the nano-objects were evaluated using six different macro-CTAs. Transforming the products from methanol to water via dialysis produced amino-acid-based block copolymer nano-objects, exhibiting pH-responsive morphological change, in aqueous solution.  相似文献   
6.
含三螺吡喃单元大环分子的合成和酸致变色效应   总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1  
周清清  张宪哲  刘和文 《应用化学》2012,29(12):1371-1380
合成了含有3个螺吡喃单元的大环分子,采用点击化学方法实现高效的闭环反应,大环分子产率为64%.使用红外、核磁和质谱等方法检测和表征了反应中间产物和目标产物,质谱分析结果证实环化结构.使用紫外-可见光谱仪观察到大环产物和线性螺吡喃前体分子在pH值接近4时的酸致变色效应.与线性螺吡喃前体分子的最大紫外吸收峰位置(476 nm)相比,螺吡喃大环分子在最大紫外吸收峰位置(464 nm)发生蓝移.螺吡喃大环分子比线性前体分子具有更大的摩尔消光系数,其pH响应性能更加优异.  相似文献   
7.
利用预乳化乳液法制备了不同单体配比的聚(甲基丙烯酸甲酯-co-甲基丙烯酸-co-甲基丙烯酸羟乙酯)(P(MMA-co-MAA-co-HEMA))微凝胶分散液;采用透射电子显微镜、动态光散射仪研究了微凝胶的微观形态、粒径大小及其溶胀率;利用试管倒转法对微凝胶分散液的凝胶化相转变行为进行了研究,借助椎板流变仪考察了所形成胶态凝胶的储能模量与单体配比、微凝胶分散液浓度和温度的关系.结果表明,所制备的微凝胶的数均粒径为90 nm左右,当MMA与MAA的投料质量不变时,随着HEMA含量的增加,分散液凝胶化所需的临界最小浓度增大,临界最大pH值减小,胶态凝胶的储能模量增加.当保持单体MMA与HEMA的投料质量不变时,随着单体MAA投料质量的增多,微凝胶的数均粒径和溶胀率增大,胶态凝胶的储能模量先升高后降低;当MAA占单体总摩尔数的25%时,浓度为15 wt%的微凝胶分散液在扫描频率为100 rad/s时,胶态凝胶的储能模量最高可达2×104Pa.这类微凝胶分散液在组织工程支架材料方面有潜在的应用价值.  相似文献   
8.
In this study, well-defined, high density poly(2-(dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate) [poly(DMAEMA)] brushes were fabricated by the combination of the self-assembly of a monolayer of RAFT agent and surface-mediated RAFT polymerization. The whole fabrication process of the poly(DMAEMA) was followed by water contact angles, grazing angle-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and atomic force microscopy. Kinetic studies revealed a linear increase in poly(DMAEMA) film thickness with polymerization time, indicating that the chain growth from the surface was a controlled process. Characterization of the poly(DMAEMA) brushes, such as molecular weight and thickness determination, were measured by gel permeation chromatography, and ellipsometry, and the grafting density was estimated. The pH response of the poly(DMAEMA) brushes was further investigated and the results verified the “brush-like” to “mushroom-like” transition of the poly(DMAEMA) chains due to the reversible protonation/deprotonation upon changing the solution pH.  相似文献   
9.
Here we report the supramolecular assembly of poly(l-lysine)-b-polyglycine diblock copolypeptides at different solution conditions. Light scattering and confocal microscopy indicate that the supramolecular aggregates initially formed in solution are vesicles with a broad size distribution, depending strongly on the initial processing conditions. The vesicles formed after multiple pH cycles appear independent of the initial processing conditions and are related to the thermodynamic nature of the assembled supramolecular aggregates. Circular dichroism results verify that this change in size observed over pH cyclings tracks with the conformation changes of the lysine block confined in the vesicle membranes. This appears interesting for peptosome-based materials, implying a high level of fluidity in the membrane that allows the supramolecular aggregates formed in solution to respond to changes in pH. The results also show that the external stimulus, which is the change of pH in this study, provides an additional means to regulate polypeptide vesicle size and size distribution.  相似文献   
10.
In spite of wide‐ranging previous studies on synthetic macrocycles, the installation of open–close functions into the frameworks remains a challenge. We present a new polyaromatic macrocycle capable of switching between open and closed forms in response to external stimuli, namely, base and acid. The macrocycle, which is prepared in three steps, has a well‐defined hydrophobic cavity with a length of around 1 nm, surrounded by four pH‐responsive acridinium panels. The open and closed structures were confirmed by single‐crystal X‐ray analysis. The cylindrical cavity can bind long hydrophilic molecules up to 2.7 nm in length in neutral water and then release the bound guests through a reversible open‐to‐closed structural change upon simple addition of base.  相似文献   
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