Modifying the physicochemical properties,solubility and foaming capacity of milk proteins by ultrasound-assisted alkaline pH-shifting treatment

This study investigated the effects of different treatment of alkaline pH-shifting on milk protein concentrate (MPC), micellar casein concentrate (MCC) and whey protein isolate (WPI) assisted by the same ultrasound conditions, including changes in the physicochemical properties, solubility and foaming capacity. The solubility of milk proteins had a significant increase with gradual enhancement of ultrasound-assisted alkaline pH-shifting (p < 0.05), especially for MCC up to 99.50 %. Also, treatment made a significant decline in the particle size of MPC and MCC, as well as the turbidity of the proteins (p < 0.05). The foaming capacity of MPC, MCC, and WPI was all improved, especially at pH 11, and at this pH, the milk protein also showed the highest surface hydrophobicity. The best foaming capacity at pH 11 was the result of the combined effect of particle size, potential, protein conformation, solubility, and surface hydrophobicity. In conclusion, ultrasound-assisted pH-shifting treatment was found to be effective in improving the physicochemical properties and solubility and foaming capacity of milk proteins, especially MCC, with promising application prospect in food industry.     

基于LSTM的浮选钼精矿品位软测量模型

战略性稀有金属钼矿品位低,组分复杂、嵌布粒度细等特点,其有价金属分离回收难。浮选作为微细粒钼矿分离回收的主要选矿方法之一,其浮选钼精矿品位一直是选厂的关键性产品指标。国内大多数选厂采取轮班制采样,人工化验得到精矿品位结果,但此方式严重滞后于浮选工艺,难以满足对生产过程进行实时监测和操作指导。LSTM是一种特殊的循环神经网络,引入门机制有效的传递或选择性遗忘长时间序列中的信息,解决RNN中的长期依赖、梯度消失和爆炸问题。本文分析整理东坡选厂中各平台源数据,结合选厂浮选工艺及机理,筛选出多个影响浮选钼精矿品位的变量作为模型输入;将输入变量进行异常值判定,缺失值填充和数据降噪等数据预处理,建立高质量浮选钼精矿品位数据库;软测量模型采用PyCharm软件编码,使用BatchNorm批量规范化处理样本数据,加入Dropout正则化防止过拟合,建立基于LSTM的浮选钼精矿品位软测量模型,通过前向传播算法更新神经网络结构参数,并于Linear模型和CNN模型的预测性能指标结果比较。结果表明：基于LSTM的浮选钼精矿品位软测量模型预测准确度高,样本数据误差波动平稳,浮动范围小,模型泛化能力强,模型平均绝对百分比误差MAPE为1.13%,均方根误差RMSE为0.7049%,决定系数R2为0.8763,实现了浮选钼精矿品位的在线预测。     

Preparation of a new Cu(II)-imprinted polymer and its application for the determination of trace copper in water samples by flame atomic absorption spectrometry

A new Cu(II)-imprinted polymer has been prepared for selective solid-phase extraction of Cu(II) prior to its determination by flame atomic absorption spectrometry. Two functional monomers, 4-(methacryloylamino)benzamide and 4-vinylpyridine, formed a complex with Cu(II) ion through coordination interactions. The self-assembled Cu(II)-monomer complex was copolymerised via bulk polymerisation method in the presence of ethyleneglycoldimethacrylate cross-linker. In order to remove Cu(II) ions, the resulting polymer was washed with 1.0 M HNO₃ and then with water until obtaining a neutral pH. The ion imprinted polymer was characterised by Fourier transform infrared. The experimental conditions were optimised for solid-phase extraction of Cu(II) using a column of ion-imprinted polymer (IIP). Quantitative retention was achieved between pH 5.0 and 7.0, whereas the maximum recovery for the non-imprinted polymer (NIP) was about 74% at pH 7.0. The IIP showed higher selectivity to Cu(II) in comparison to the NIP. The IIP also exhibited excellent selectivity for Cu(II) in the presence of other metal ions. The relative standard deviation and limit of detection (3s) of the method were 1.6% and 1.8 µg L^?1, respectively. The method was verified by analysis of two certified reference materials (CWW-TM-D and SRM 3280) and then applied to the determination of Cu(II) in seawater and lake water samples and haemodialysis concentrates.     

气基磁化焙烧回收包头稀土尾矿中铁的研究

试验采用磁化焙烧-磁选的方法来回收包头稀土尾矿中的Fe。考察了还原球团的粒径、焙烧温度、还原气体的成分、还原气气体流量、焙烧时间对于磁化焙烧回收Fe的影响。在焙烧温度为580℃,CO与CO2的浓度比为40∶60,还原气体气流量为1.2 L·min-1,焙烧时间为60 min的条件下对球团进行磁化焙烧,并将焙烧后的球团进行磨矿,使得-200目的物料占物料总重量的95%。将磨矿后的物料置于磁场强度为233 k A·m-1的磁选管中进行磁选,可以得到品位为60%左右的铁精矿,其铁回收率达到70%左右。     

电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法(ICP-AES)测定铜渣精矿中杂质含量

采用电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法测定了铜渣精矿中砷、锑、铋、铅、锌、镁的量。其测定范围:ω(As):0.05%~0.45%,ω(Sb):0.07%~0.30%,ω(Bi):0.01%~0.20%,ω(Pb):1.00%~4.50%,ω(Zn):1.00%~4.50%,ω(Mg):0.10%~1.00%。经加标回收实验,各元素的加标回收率为92%~104%(n=3),相对标准偏差(RSD)小于5%(n=11)。方法准确快速可靠,适用于铜渣精矿中砷、锑、铋、铅、锌、镁量的同时测定.     

碳酸钙固硫固体进样测汞仪快速测定硫化铅精矿中汞

在使用固体进样测汞仪直接测定硫化铅精矿中汞时,由于试样中硫含量通常较高(高达30%以上),在测定过程中大量的硫被氧化会污染甚至腐蚀固体进样测汞仪的核心部件催化管,导致催化管寿命严重缩短。为解决该问题,建立碳酸钙固硫-固体进样测汞仪直接测定硫化铅精矿中汞的分析方法;并对Ca/S比,分解温度,分解时间,齐化时间等参数进行优化。在最优条件下,Hg的含量在2~20 ng和20~500ng线性范围内回归系数(R²)分别为0.9996和0.9998;方法检出限(LOD)为0.006 μg/g。用该法对3个典型样品进行测定,相对标准偏差RSD≤9%(n=7),加标回收率为96%~106%。该方法简单、快捷,准确度和精密度高,适合硫化铅精矿中汞的快速测定。     

自动快速燃烧－离子色谱测定铜精矿中的氟

建立了自动快速燃烧（AQF）－离子色谱联用测定铜精矿中氟的方法。将 AQF 的自动化特性和离子色谱的灵敏度高、准确性好的特点结合起来,能够实现操作过程的连续自动化。结果表明,线性范围内（1.0?50.0 μg )校准曲线相关系数 r >0. 999,氟的检出限为0.0004%。按照实验方法测定铜精矿样品中氟,结果的相对标准偏差（ RSD ,n =6)为2.14 % ?4.24 %。将实验方法用于铜精矿标准样品氟含量测定,测定值与认定值吻合较好;方法对照试验表明,实验方法对氟含量的测定值与国家标准 GB/T 3884. 12—2010的测定值基本一致。     

运用综合手段研究铅锌硫化物精矿的氧化和鉴定其产物

南京关口每年从国外进口铅、锌精矿达几百万吨,随着我国国民经济的发展,作为重要有色金属来源的该矿种的进口量仍将逐年增加。硫化物精矿在运输和储存过程中都有可能发生氧化,由此导致金属品位的波动是常见现象,然而此前在这方面的报导甚少。为此,作者以铅锌硫化物精矿为例对其进行了模拟状态下的氧化实验并采用能谱、光学显微镜、化学物相分析、X射线衍射分析、扫描电镜等手段对氧化前及氧化后的样品进行了鉴定。结果表明,在模拟精矿储运条件下两种精矿的氧化皆甚为明显,铅精矿为1.5%,而锌精矿达到了14.5%,由此引起的品位变化是不可忽视的。鉴于有色金属硫化物精矿在储运过程中呈现了它们的易氧化性并对品位产生影响,所以有关这类矿产品的商贸过程中涉及取样、样品加工和保管、公证等问题,均应在科学实验基础上规范化。     

高频燃烧红外吸收法测定铅精矿中的硫

利用高频燃烧红外吸收碳硫仪测定铅精矿中的硫含量。低硫含量(S<5%)铅精矿样品直接称样测定;高硫含量(S>5%)铅精矿样品添加稀释剂后称样测定。对样品称样量、助熔剂类型及用量等条件进行了研究,获得最佳分析条件。通过空白实验测得方法检出限为0.0010%,利用铅精矿有证标准物质进行精密度和准确度验证,方法的标准偏差在0.295%~1.3%之间,结果表明该方法精密度高、准确度好,能够满足铅精矿中硫含量的快速准确测定。     

Neem Oil As Pesticide

Use of synthetic pesticides has resulted into health hazards, ecological imbalance, resistance in pests and environmental pollution.1 Singh, R. 1997. “Studies in formulation of pesticide emulsion”. India: UDCT, University of Mumbai. , Ph.D. Thesis [Google Scholar] Neem oil is natural pesticide and has excellent insecticidal properties. Hence, attempts are being made to develop neem oil emulsions to be used as pesticide. Surfactants like castor‐oil based, nonyl phenol‐based, sodium lauryl sulphate, and calcium alkyl benzene sulphonate were tried to develop stable emulsions. Neem extract based emulsifiable concentrates were prepared by using methanol. Stability of emulsion as a function of type of surfactants, hydrophile‐lipophile balance (HLB) of surfactants and hardness of water was studied. Larvasidal effects of emulsions and emulsifiable concentrates were examined. Laboratory experiments have shown effectiveness of these emulsions and emulsifiable concentrates as pesticide.