固体超强碱氧化钙催化制备生物柴油及其精制工艺

 以麻风果油为原料,研究了固体超强碱氧化钙在生物柴油制备工艺中的催化性能,考察了催化剂的焙烧温度、反应温度、反应时间、催化剂用量及醇油比对转化率的影响,确定了最优化的反应条件. 对产品脱钙精制工艺进行了研究, 考察了三种络合剂的脱钙性能. 结果表明,柠檬酸是一种很好的可用于生物柴油的脱钙剂,精制后生物柴油的主要指标符合国内外同类产品的标准.  

杂多酸催化合成乙酸乙酯

回流吸附法制备的负载型12-钨磷酸(HPW/C)是合成乙酸乙酯的高效催化剂。最佳反应条件下乙醇转化率达96％,酯化选择性100％。催化剂的高活性是由于HPW在活性炭上高度分散,使活性位增多,有效酸量增大。HPW/C还具有热稳定性高和不易流失等优点。  

MCM－41介孔分子筛在精细有机合成非均相催化中的应用

本文综述了近年来介孔分子筛MCM－41在精细有机合成非均相催化中的应用，特别是手性合成等领域的研究进展。  

多相不对称催化氢化研究进展

本文综述了多相不对称催化氢化反应的最新研究进展.特别是对最近几年来两个典型的多相不对称催化氢化体系即酒石酸盐修饰镍催化剂催化β-酮酸酯的不对称氢化反应体系和金鸡纳生物碱修饰铂催化剂催化α-酮酸酯的不对称氢化反应体系进行了详细的介绍和讨论,同时展望了多相不对称催化氢化反应研究的前景.  

Keggin杂多酸负载型催化剂研究及在有机合成中的应用

评述了负载型杂多酸Keggin结构催化剂的制备、表征及其表面作用机理, 阐述了在非均相催化酯化反应、Friedel-Crafts烷基化和酰基化反应、选择氧化、不对称催化反应、异构化反应、缩合反应、裂解反应、水合反应、脱水反应、水解反应、重排反应、Diels-Alder反应及醚化反应等作为探针反应的催化性能, 总结了重排反应、醇氧化等不同类型催化反应的反应机理和催化剂失活的主要原因以及影响负载型催化剂水热稳定性能的因素, 指出了负载型杂多酸Keggin结构催化剂研究中有待解决的问题及今后的发展方向..  

表面修饰对金属负载型MZSM-5催化剂乙烯齐聚性能的影响

在较温和的中压条件下，研究了金属负载型MZSM-5分子筛经表面修饰制备的MZSM-5L催化剂的乙烯齐聚反应，并对各催化剂进行了表征．结果表明，MZSM-5L催化剂经有机碱表面修饰后，催化剂表面酸性降低，孔分布向有利于择形生成线性分子的小孔方向移动，催化乙烯齐聚反应活性适中、稳定性较好，反应产物以C10～C16烯烃为主，α-烯烃选择性大幅提高．择形生成α-烯烃的催化活性中心的强弱是由催化剂内表面的B酸位和L酸中心所决定的．  

Synergies between bio- and oil refineries for the production of fuels from biomass

As petroleum prices continue to increase, it is likely that biofuels will play an ever-increasing role in our energy future. The processing of biomass-derived feedstocks (including cellulosic, starch- and sugar-derived biomass, and vegetable fats) by catalytic cracking and hydrotreating is a promising alternative for the future to produce biofuels, and the existing infrastructure of petroleum refineries is well-suited for the production of biofuels, allowing us to rapidly transition to a more sustainable economy without large capital investments for new reaction equipment. This Review discusses the chemistry, catalysts, and challenges involved in the production of biofuels.  

组合多相催化研究进展

本文对组合多相催化研究进展进行了较全面的综述,介绍了组合多相催化过程、样品库制备、库表征-高通量筛选技术及相应的微型组合反应器,并讨论了组合多相催化技术的发展趋势.  

Liquid-phase catalytic processing of biomass-derived oxygenated hydrocarbons to fuels and chemicals

Biomass has the potential to serve as a sustainable source of energy and organic carbon for our industrialized society. The focus of this Review is to present an overview of chemical catalytic transformations of biomass-derived oxygenated feedstocks (primarily sugars and sugar-alcohols) in the liquid phase to value-added chemicals and fuels, with specific examples emphasizing the development of catalytic processes based on an understanding of the fundamental reaction chemistry. The key reactions involved in the processing of biomass are hydrolysis, dehydration, isomerization, aldol condensation, reforming, hydrogenation, and oxidation. Further, it is discussed how ideas based on fundamental chemical and catalytic concepts lead to strategies for the control of reaction pathways and process conditions to produce H(2)/CO(2) or H(2)/CO gas mixtures by aqueous-phase reforming, to produce furan compounds by selective dehydration of carbohydrates, and to produce liquid alkanes by the combination of aldol condensation and dehydration/hydrogenation processes.