Medicinal Potential of Isoflavonoids: Polyphenols That May Cure Diabetes

In recent years, there is emerging evidence that isoflavonoids, either dietary or obtained from traditional medicinal plants, could play an important role as a supplementary drug in the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) due to their reported pronounced biological effects in relation to multiple metabolic factors associated with diabetes. Hence, in this regard, we have comprehensively reviewed the potential biological effects of isoflavonoids, particularly biochanin A, genistein, daidzein, glycitein, and formononetin on metabolic disorders and long-term complications induced by T2DM in order to understand whether they can be future candidates as a safe antidiabetic agent. Based on in-depth in vitro and in vivo studies evaluations, isoflavonoids have been found to activate gene expression through the stimulation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) (α, γ), modulate carbohydrate metabolism, regulate hyperglycemia, induce dyslipidemia, lessen insulin resistance, and modify adipocyte differentiation and tissue metabolism. Moreover, these natural compounds have also been found to attenuate oxidative stress through the oxidative signaling process and inflammatory mechanism. Hence, isoflavonoids have been envisioned to be able to prevent and slow down the progression of long-term diabetes complications including cardiovascular disease, nephropathy, neuropathy, and retinopathy. Further thoroughgoing investigations in human clinical studies are strongly recommended to obtain the optimum and specific dose and regimen required for supplementation with isoflavonoids and derivatives in diabetic patients.     

线性扫描伏安法研究大豆甙元与牛血清白蛋白的相互作用

采用线性扫描伏安法研究了大豆甙元与牛血清白蛋白(BSA)之间的相互作用;探讨了缓冲体系、pH、反应时间、反应温度、扫描速率等对相互作用的影响.结果表明,在pH为7.4的B-R缓冲溶液中,大豆甙元与BSA在相互作用20min后形成1∶1型的单一的非电活性超分子化合物,两者的结合常数β=8.29×105 L·mol-1,转移系数α=0.367 9,表观电子传递速率常数ks为1.39s-1.     

反相高效液相色谱法测定葛根素和大豆苷元

利用反相高效液相色谱法,配以二极管阵列检测器测定了心可舒片中的葛根素和大豆苷元,建立了一种心可舒片的质量控制方法。色谱柱为C18柱,流动相为乙腈和0．02mol／L磷酸二氢钾,柱温为25℃,流速为0．8mL／min,梯度洗脱,检测波长为250nm。葛根素和大豆苷元的平均回收率分别为97．3％和101．4％：RSD为0．6％和1．9％。     

具有选择性雌激素受体调节活性的大豆苷元衍生物的合成及生物活性研究

以大豆苷元为母体,取代氨基烷氧基为侧链,设计、合成了28个结构耨颖的未见文献报道的大豆苷元衍生物,并检测了其对雌激素受体阳性的人乳腺癌细胞株MCF-7的体外活性.结果表明,化合物4c,4g及6a对MCF-7的增殖有显著的抑制作用,48,72 h的抑制率均大于50％(p＜0.01).化合物11h具有显著的促进MCF-7细胞增殖的作用,48,72h的增殖率均大于20％(P＜0.05);化合物10a作用48 h时对MCF-7细胞的增殖有显著的促进作用,增殖率大于10％(p＜0.05).     

两种含氮类大豆苷元衍生物对人体红细胞的抗溶血作用

合成了2种含氮类大豆苷元衍生物,4,7-二（（甘氨酸钠）羰基）甲氧基异黄酮（L1）和4'',7-二（肼羰基）甲氧基异黄酮（L2）并用元素分析、红外光谱和核磁共振氢谱对其进行了表征。研究了大豆苷元衍生物的抗氧化性能,评价了其对自由基、超氧阴离子自由基的吸附能力,以及对人体血红细胞抗氧化损伤的保护作用。实验结果表明,大豆苷元衍生物在生理pH条件下的抗氧化活性优于维生素C,特别是在清除羟自由基和抑制人血红细胞溶血方面,大豆苷元衍生物抗氧化能力表现更为突出。大豆苷元衍生物的羟自由基清除活性IC₅₀值是维生素C的104倍。     

不同取代度的羟丙基-β-环糊精与大豆苷元的包合作用

采用溶液搅拌法制备了6种不同取代度（DS）的羟丙基-β-环糊精（HP-β-CD）与大豆苷元的包合物,并通过红外光谱法（IR）,X射线衍射法（XRD）,紫外光谱法（UV）等对其进行了包合鉴定.又采用相溶解度法计算了其中4种HP-β-CD/大豆苷元包合物的表观平衡常数（Kc）,研究了不同取代度的羟丙基-β-环糊精与大豆苷元的包合作用.结果表明,不同取代度的HP-β-CD对大豆苷元均产生了包合作用,且DS=7.8的HP-β-CD/大豆苷元包合物的表观平衡常数最大（Kc=2.162 7×10^-2）,达到了最佳的包合效果.     

LC-MS analysis of daidzein in the Turkish Genista species

In this research, total and free daidzein content in Genista species growing in Turkey were investigated using the LC-MS method. The highest amount of total and free daidzein in these species was found in Genista sessilifolia and G. lydia var. antiochia as 0.0056 and 0.0009%, respectively. Total and free daidzein content of the aerial parts of other Genista species varied from 0.0003 to 0.0044%, and from 0.0001 to 0.0008%, respectively. Published in Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 5, pp. 417–418, September–October, 2006.     

具有双螺旋链的新型镉(II)大豆甙元衍生物配位聚合物[Cd(L)(H2O)3]•2H2O的合成与晶体结构研究

合成新型大豆甙元衍生物Cd(II)配合物[Cd(L)(H₂O)₃]•2H₂O (H₂L＝3'-磺酸钠-4'-羟基-7-羧甲基异黄酮), 采用单晶X射线衍射、元素分析和IR对其进行表征. 该配合物属单斜晶系, 空间群为P2₁/a, 晶胞参数a＝1.3691(3) nm, b＝0.72157(16) nm, c＝2.0163(5) nm, α＝90°, β＝93.501(4)°, γ＝90°, V＝1.9882(8) nm³, M_r＝592.79, Z＝4, D_c＝1.980 g•cm^－3, F(000)＝1192, μ＝1.283 mm^－1, R₁＝0.0387, wR₂＝0.1224. X射线单晶衍射分析结果表明, 该单晶中Cd(II)为六配位, 它除了与配体L中羧基和磺酸基上的氧原子配位外, 还与溶剂中的3个水分子发生配位, 形成了以Cd(II)为中心的八面体配位构型. 该晶体结构中存在着平行于b轴的双螺旋链, 左手螺旋Cd-L链和右手螺旋Cd-L链的交替排列构成了二维层状结构. 由于配位水和晶格水以及配体中CO₂, SO₃, O, CO, OH等的存在, 该晶体中存在着丰富而复杂的氢键, 二维层状结构之间依靠这些复杂的氢键作用形成三维超分子结构.     

Synthesis and Crystal Structure of a Novel Supramolecular Compound [Mg(H_2O)_6](C_(16)H_(11)O_4SO_3)_2·10H_2O

IntroductionMolecularpolymerwithonedimensionalormultidimen sionalstructureassemblingthroughhydrogenbondsisanim portantresearchcontentinthesupramolecularchemistryandcrystalenginnering .1,2 Withthedevelopmentofnewtypefunctionalmaterialssuchasmolecularmagnetic ,selectedcatalysis ,reversiblecatalysis ,reversiblehost guestmolecular(ion)exchangeetc.,3themoleculardesignandsynthesishavealreadyattractedconsiderableattentioninsupramolecu larsystem .Thesupramolecularcomplexesandorganiccom poundscontainin…     

Production of monoclonal antibodies against hop-derived (Humulus lupulus L.) prenylflavonoids and the development of immunoassays

Monoclonal antibodies against the hop-derived prenylated chalcone xanthohumol (X) and the prenylated flavonoids isoxanthohumol (IX) and 8-prenylnaringenin (8-PN) were developed. Carboxylic acid haptens of X, IX and 8-PN were synthesized by linking a spacer to their C4′-OH group followed by subsequent coupling to bovine serum albumin (BSA) to form conjugates that were employed as immunogens in BALB/c mice to raise antibodies. The monoclonal antibodies that were secreted from the established hybridoma cell lines proved, in cross-reactivity studies, to possess highly specific binding capacities in an optimized competitive indirect ELISA. The immunoassays make use of immunogen-coated microtiterplates and a peroxidase-labeled anti-mouse IgG₁ secondary antibody with ABTS as a chromogenic substrate. For X the IC₅₀ value derived from the standard curve was 62.91 ng mL⁻¹, and for both IX and 8-PN 37.15 ng mL⁻¹. The assay was validated for the quantitative analysis of X, IX and 8-PN in urine and serum. A simple sample pretreatment procedure using a diethyl ether extraction was optimized and the recoveries and matrix effects were assessed. The validity of the established assay was tested and mean inter- and intra-assay variations in urine were 2.32% and 1.91%, respectively for X, 6.24% and 2.39%, respectively for IX and 7.18% and 0.74%, respectively for 8-PN. In serum, the mean inter- and intra-assay variations were 8.90% and 1.37%, respectively for X, 6.13% and 1.57%, respectively for IX and 6.13% and 2.43%, respectively for 8-PN. Furthermore, the method demonstrated excellent accuracy and significant correlation with measurements by an established and validated HPLC-MS method.