Bismuth trichloride–mediated cleavage of phenolic methoxymethyl ethers

A simple and efficient method for removal of phenolic methoxymethyl ethers in the presence of 30 mol% of bismuth trichloride in acetonitrile/water is described. Notable features of the cleavage protocol entail use of an ecofriendly bismuth reagent, ease of handling, low cost, operational simplicity, and good functional group compatibility. A number of structurally varied phenolic methoxymethyl ethers were cleaved in good to excellent yields.     

Catalytic Hydroetherification of Unactivated Alkenes Enabled by Proton-Coupled Electron Transfer

We report a catalytic, light-driven method for the intramolecular hydroetherification of unactivated alkenols to furnish cyclic ether products. These reactions occur under visible-light irradiation in the presence of an Ir^III-based photoredox catalyst, a Brønsted base catalyst, and a hydrogen-atom transfer (HAT) co-catalyst. Reactive alkoxy radicals are proposed as key intermediates, generated by direct homolytic activation of alcohol O−H bonds through a proton-coupled electron-transfer mechanism. This method exhibits a broad substrate scope and high functional-group tolerance, and it accommodates a diverse range of alkene substitution patterns. Results demonstrating the extension of this catalytic system to carboetherification reactions are also presented.     

Dipropargyl ethers possessing nitramine units

The syntheses and characterization of novel propargyl ethers of N-(hydroxymethyl)nitramines that contain from one to four nitramine units are reported. All nitramine-functionalized ethers were well characterized by IR and multinuclear NMR spectroscopy as well as CHN analysis, and the X-ray crystal structures of two of them are described. For ethers bearing two or three nitramine units, the standard molar enthalpies of formation at 298.15 K were determined from the experimental standard molar energies of combustion in oxygen measured by static bomb combustion calorimetry     

Photocatalytic reduction of fluoroalkyl-substituted alcohols activated by pentafluoropyridine

A new method for deoxygenation of fluoroalkyl-substituted alcohols involves derivatization of the hydroxy group with pentafluoropyridine followed by photoredox catalyzed reduction of the obtained hetaryl ethers using γ-terpinene as a source of hydrogen. The initial alcohols can be easily obtained by nucleophilic fluoroalkylation of the corresponding aldehydes.     

硫杂杯芳烃冠醚的合成及其与氨基酸配合性能的研究

在普通杯芳烃骨架中引入硫原子可以改善普通杯芳烃的配合性能。文中首先合成了硫杂杯[4]芳烃四酰肼衍生物3,在弱酸的催化下继续与化合物4反应,高产率地合成了同时含酰胺和席夫碱单元的硫杂杯[4]芳烃冠醚衍生物5,新化合物的结构经1H NMR、元素分析、ESI-MS等表征证实。同时探讨了新型硫杂杯[4]芳烃衍生物5与系列-α氨基酸的配合性能。     

Asymmetric Rhodium‐Catalyzed Addition of Thiols to Allenes: Synthesis of Branched Allylic Thioethers and Sulfones

A highly regio‐ and enantioselective hydrothiolation of terminal allenes, a reaction which fulfills the criteria of atom economy, is reported. Applying two chiral rhodium catalyst systems, a wide variety of thiols and allenes could be coupled. Oxidation gave access to the corresponding allylic sulfones in essentially enantiomerically pure form. The reaction tolerates a variety of functional groups and labeling experiments gave first insights into the reaction mechanism of this new methodology.     

超高效液相色谱-质谱法检测土壤中的羟基化多溴联苯醚

建立了土壤中8种羟基化多溴联苯醚(Hydroxylated polybrominated diphenyl ethers,OH-PBDEs)的Qu ECh ERS-超高效液相色谱串联质谱(UPLC-MS/MS)分析方法。样品前处理采用Qu ECh ERS方法,土壤样品用水浸润之后,以甲酸和乙腈提取目标物,C18填料和正丙基乙二胺(PSA)净化,C18色谱柱分离,乙腈和水梯度洗脱,多反应监测负离子模式扫描。在最佳实验条件下,8种目标物在9 min内分离良好,并在2~200μg/L范围内线性良好,相关系数范围在0.9936~0.9990,检出限范围为0.23~1.21 ng/g。在5.0和50 ng/g 2个浓度水平6次平行加标实验中,8种OH-PBDEs平均回收率为73.2%~117.7%,相对标准偏差为5.6%~19.7%。本方法操作简便,灵敏度高,适用于大批量样品的快速分析。     

Lewis Acid Promoted Ruthenium(II)‐Catalyzed Etherifications by Selective Hydrogenation of Carboxylic Acids/Esters

Ethers are of fundamental importance in organic chemistry and they are an integral part of valuable flavors, fragrances, and numerous bioactive compounds. In general, the reduction of esters constitutes the most straightforward preparation of ethers. Unfortunately, this transformation requires large amounts of metal hydrides. Presented herein is a bifunctional catalyst system, consisting of Ru/phosphine complex and aluminum triflate, which allows selective synthesis of ethers by hydrogenation of esters or carboxylic acids. Different lactones were reduced in good yields to the desired products. Even challenging aromatic and aliphatic esters were reduced to the desired products. Notably, the in situ formed catalyst can be reused several times without any significant loss of activity.     

Dialkyl Ether Formation by Nickel‐Catalyzed Cross‐Coupling of Acetals and Aryl Iodides

A new substrate class for nickel‐catalyzed C(sp³) cross‐coupling reactions is reported. α‐Oxy radicals generated from benzylic acetals, TMSCl, and a mild reductant can participate in chemoselective cross‐coupling with aryl iodides using a 2,6‐bis(N‐pyrazolyl)pyridine (bpp)/Ni catalyst. The mild, base‐free conditions are tolerant of a variety of functional groups on both partners, thus representing an attractive C? C bond‐forming approach to dialkyl ether synthesis. Characterization of a [(bpp)NiCl] complex relevant to the proposed catalytic cycle is also described.     

Expeditious Synthesis of Enantiopure,Orthogonally Protected Bis‐α‐Amino Acids (OPBAAs) and their Use in a Study of Nod1 Stimulation

A convenient approach towards the synthesis of orthogonally protected chiral bis‐α‐amino acids (OPBAAs) is described. The key transformations include: (1) a highly stereoselective conjugation (alkylation) of the Schöllkopf bis‐lactim ethers and oxazolidinyl alkyl halides to build a backbone skeleton; and (2) our orthogonal protection strategy. A series of enantiopure OPBAAs bearing a variety of alkyl chain as a spacer; two stereogenic centers; and three protecting groups were prepared as examples. These versatile molecules were applied to the synthesis of biologically interesting di‐ or tri‐peptide analogues, including chiral iE‐meso‐DAP and A‐iE‐meso‐DAP, for the study of Nod1 activation in the innate immune response.