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1.
In this paper, we evaluated the particle dispersion degree of alumina slurry containing a dispersant by solvent nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) relaxation and compared it with conventional dispersion evaluation methods such as viscosity, particle size, and sedimentation height measurements. The dispersion of slurry was evaluated via numerical analysis of the transverse relaxation time (T2). The effect of the changes in different parameters of the experiment in terms of milling time, solid loading, and dispersant amount was investigated by NMR relaxation as well as conventional methods. The results of NMR relaxation measurements revealed that T2 correlates well with other dispersion evaluation methods; thus, it is an efficient technique to evaluate the dispersion of alumina slurry, specifically, when studying the effect of the change in milling time and dispersion amount.  相似文献   
2.
A new environment-friendly bentonite intercalation composite was successfully obtained from alumina sol intercalation. This process used industrial grade pseudo boehmite as the aluminum source and provided with the advantage of zero emission of acidic wastewater. The bentonite intercalation composite was investigated by XRF, ICP, XRD, FT-IR, BET, and pyridine-FTIR. Results indicated that the basal spacing was enlarged from 14.72 to 15.60 Å; the specific surface area increased by 128%; and the total acid content increased from 65.32 to 245.76 μmol/g. The catalytic activity of this composite was tested by alkylation of aromatics with olefins. The results show that the weak Lewis acid generated by extra-framework aluminum and specific surface area play a decisive role, while weak Brønsted acid site is not the active site for this alkylation reaction.  相似文献   
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采用铝溶胶晶种引入、结合相分离的方法制备了具有三维贯通多级孔道结构的大孔氧化铝材料。采用扫描电镜(SEM)、X射线衍射(XRD)、N2吸附-脱附、压汞、核磁共振波谱(NMR)等测试方法对所得材料进行了表征。结果表明,该氧化铝材料具有200-600 nm的均匀分布且贯通的连续大孔孔道,经550℃焙烧即可得到结晶态γ-氧化铝。大孔氧化铝比表面积达到366 m2/g,具有以5 nm及400 nm为中心的较为集中的介孔-大孔多级孔道分布。焙烧后的样品中,铝具有四、六两种配位状态。制备过程中,聚环氧乙烷(PEO)作为诱导剂引发固-液两相分离,形成具有三维贯通多级孔道结构大孔氧化铝,而凝胶中引入铝溶胶时,AlOOH晶粒与铝交联水合物均相伴生,在凝胶过程诱导铝交联水合物转变为AlOOH,最终使大孔氧化铝在较低的焙烧温度即可转化为γ-氧化铝。  相似文献   
4.
采用盐酸回流法和氨水沉淀法合成了氧化铝载体,并通过络合真空浸渍法制备了不同来源氧化铝负载的Pt-Sn-K/γ-Al2O3催化剂。利用N2物理吸附、CO脉冲吸附、H2程序升温还原、NH3程序升温脱附、热重等手段对Pt-Sn-K/γ-Al2O3催化剂进行了表征,以异丁烷脱氢为探针反应研究了氧化铝载体对该催化剂脱氢性能的影响。结果表明,与由盐酸回流法合成的载体制备的催化剂相比,采用氨水沉淀法合成的氧化铝载体制备的Pt-Sn-K/γ-Al2O3催化剂表面具有较小的Pt颗粒和较弱的酸性分布,其脱氢活性及异丁烯选择性更优。14 d的连续运行数据显示,由氨水沉淀合成的载体制备的催化剂,其抗积炭能力更强,反应后催化剂的积炭石墨化程度更低,因而具有更好的稳定性;在该催化剂上,异丁烷初始转化率为56.67%,14 d后仍能达到34.71%,异丁烯初始选择性为80%,7 d后维持在94%左右。  相似文献   
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《Composite Interfaces》2013,20(5):337-349
The lamination of composite elements such as sheets or fibres made from ceramic powders represents a cheap and easy way of making tough ceramics. The fabrication and failure behaviour of such layered structures is described. It is shown that crack growth along the interfaces is dominated by dynamic effects due to the storage of excess elastic energy and that effects of loading state, in the silicon carbide/graphite system at least, appear to be relatively unimportant. Crack deflection at interfaces is also discussed and it is shown that observations made in these systems are not consistent with existing theories. Various possibilities are investigated.  相似文献   
8.
开展了99氧化铝陶瓷在不同应变率下的轴向压缩实验,通过对相应应变率下的试件碎片进行软回收,并结合筛余法对碎片进行几何表征,获得了不同应变率下的碎片尺寸分布曲线和试件破坏的能量吸收过程,建立了颗粒陶瓷的外力功与相对破碎率之间的关系。采用数字图像相关(Digital image correlation,DIC)技术获取了不同应变率下沿加载方向的应变场,并结合能量吸收过程和碎片级配表现分析了破坏模式。实验结果表明:99氧化铝陶瓷的破坏强度与应变率呈正相关,在中应变率下,能量吸收率与应变率呈负相关,由于能量吸收机制的改变,样品初始为劈裂破坏;当应变率达到401 s^?1时,破坏模式变为劈裂-粉碎混合破坏;随着应变率继续增大,试件变为粉碎破坏,颗粒平均粒径减小,碎片尺寸趋同,应力集中的影响逐渐减弱。分析了能量、破坏过程、碎片分布之间的关系,最终获得了碎片分布规律以及破碎特性。  相似文献   
9.
Lanthanum modified materials have been widely used for the removal of hazardous anions.In this study,in situ ATR-FTIR and two-dimensional correlation analysis were employed to investigate the adsorption mechanism of arsenate(As(V)) on lanthanum-impregnated activated alumina(LAA).Our results showed that electrostatic interaction attracted As(V) anions to the LAA surface,and then As(V) could form monodentate configuration on the LAA surface at pH 5-9.The result of 2D-COS showed that two coexistent adsorbed As(V) species,H2AsO4- and HAsO42-,were adsorbed on the LAA surface without specific sequence at different pH conditions,indicating a negligible role of the incorporated protons of As(V) on the adsorption affinity to LAA surface.The results of this study reveal insights into LAA surface complexes on the molecular scale and provide theoretical support to new metal oxides design for efficient arsenic removal.  相似文献   
10.
The influence of principal parameters (reaction temperature, ratio of acetic acid and ammonia, composition of reactionary mixture and promotion of catalysts) on the selectivity and yield of the desired product was studied in the reaction of catalytic acetonitrile synthesis by ammonolysis of acetic acid. The processing of γ-Al2O3 by phosphoric acid increases amount of the centers, on which carries out reaction of acetamide dehydration. The kinetic model of a limiting stage of reaction – the acetamide dehydration to acetonitrile was suggested. In the process of ammonolysis of acetic acid it was demonstrated that the use of catalysts promoted by phosphoric acid and ratio NH3:CH3COOH=(3-4):1 at temperatures of a reactor 360-390°С leads to the increase of acetonitrile productivity to 0.7-0.8 g/cm3·h and allows to minimize formation of by-products.  相似文献   
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