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核酸适配体是通过指数富集配体系统进化技术(SELEX)从体外合成的寡核苷酸文库中筛选得到的短的寡核苷酸分子(ssDNA或RNA)。核酸适配体能够通过折叠成特定的空间结构与靶标分子进行特异性结合,与抗体相比,适配体具有高亲和力、易修饰、低成本、易于合成和低免疫原性等优势,可以针对细胞、蛋白质、组织、生长因子进行癌症生物标志物的研究。作为一种新的诊断方法,其在分子诊断领域具有广阔的应用前景。本文综述了近年来核酸适配体在肺癌、胃癌、结直肠癌、乳腺癌、前列腺癌诊断中的应用研究,阐明了核酸适配体作为分子探针从细胞的检测到血清的检测所扮演的作用。 相似文献
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Dr. Sabine Lennarz MSc Therese Christine Alich Dr. Tony Kelly Dr. Michael Blind Prof. Dr. Heinz Beck Prof. Dr. Günter Mayer 《Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)》2015,54(18):5369-5373
Cellular behavior is orchestrated by the complex interactions of a myriad of intracellular signal transduction pathways. To understand and investigate the role of individual components in such signaling networks, the availability of specific inhibitors is of paramount importance. We report the generation and validation of a novel variant of an RNA aptamer that selectively inhibits the mitogen‐activated kinase pathway in neurons. We demonstrate that the aptamer retains function under intracellular conditions and that application of the aptamer through the patch‐clamp pipette efficiently inhibits mitogen‐activated kinase‐dependent synaptic plasticity. This approach introduces synthetic aptamers as generic tools, readily applicable to inhibit different components of intraneuronal signaling networks with utmost specificity. 相似文献
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JL Vinkenborg G Mayer M Famulok 《Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)》2012,51(36):9176-9180
A most able label: Labeled aptamers can be cross-linked to their target structures in a light-dependent and highly specific manner as a result of a new strategy termed aptamer-based affinity labeling (ABAL) of proteins. The aptamer-protein complexes can be enriched in?vitro, from a cellular lysate and from the surface of living cells, opening new ways to study aptamer interactions in biological contexts. 相似文献
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Fabian Tolle Dr. Gerhard M. Brändle Daniel Matzner Prof. Dr. Günter Mayer 《Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)》2015,54(37):10971-10974
A novel and versatile method has been developed for modular expansion of the chemical space of nucleic acid libraries, thus enabling the generation of nucleobase‐modified aptamers with unprecedented recognition properties. Reintroduction of the modification after enzymatic replication gives broad access to many chemical modifications. This wide applicability, which is not limited to a single modification, will rapidly advance the application of in vitro selection approaches beyond what is currently feasible and enable the generation of aptamers to many targets that have so far not been addressable. 相似文献
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Proteins play a central role in all domains of life, and precise regulation of their activity is essential for understanding the related biological processes and therapeutic functions. Nucleic acid aptamers, the molecular recognition components derived from systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment(SELEX), can specifically identify proteins with antibody-like recognition characteristics and help to regulate their activity. This minireview covers the SELEX-based selection of protein-binding aptamers, membrane protein analytical techniques based on aptamer-mediated target recognition, aptamer-mediated functional regulation of proteins, including membrane receptors and non-membrane proteins(thrombin as a model), as well as the potential challenges and prospects regarding aptamer-mediated protein manipulation, aiming to supply some useful information for researchers in this field. 相似文献
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High‐affinity aptamers for important signal transduction proteins, i.e. Cdc42‐GTP, p21‐activated kinase1 (PAK1) and MRCK (myotonic dystrophy kinase‐related Cdc42‐binding kinase) α were successfully selected in the low micro‐ to nanomolar range using non‐systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment (SELEX) with at least three orders of magnitude enhancement from their respective bulk affinity of naïve DNA library. In the non‐SELEX procedure, CE was used as a highly efficient affinity method to select aptamers for the desired molecular target through a process that involved repetitive steps of partitioning, known as non‐equilibrium CE of equilibrium mixtures with no PCR amplification between successive steps. Various non‐SELEX conditions including the type, concentration and pH of the run buffer were optimized. Other considerations such as salt composition of selection buffer, protein concentration and sample injection size were also studied for high stringency during selection. After identifying the best enriched aptamer pool, randomly selected clones from the aptamer pool were sequenced to obtain the individual DNA sequences. The dissociation constants (Kd) of these sequences were in the low micromolar to nanomolar range, indicating high affinity to the respective proteins. The best binders were also subjected to sequence alignment to generate a phylogenetic tree. No significant consensus region based on approximately 50 sequences for each protein was observed, suggesting the high efficiency of non‐SELEX for the selection of numerous unique sequences with high selectivity. 相似文献
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Jijun Tang Jianwei Xie Lei Guo Yan Yan Ningsheng Shao 《Frontiers of Chemistry in China》2007,2(4):431-435
Aptamers which specifically recognize targets are selected from random oligonucleotide library using systematic evolution
of ligands by exponential enrichment (SELEX). In this paper, capillary electrophoresis (CE) as a separation approach has been
introduced to SELEX procedure. The high efficiency of CE gives rise to greatly shorten the selection procedure. The results
from enzyme-linked assay and dot blot experiment show that an enrichment pool has been obtained after four rounds selection,
which can specifically recognize ricin.
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Translated from Chemical Journal of Chinese Universities, 2006, 27(10): 1,840–1,843 [译自: 高等学校化学学报] 相似文献
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