Ag(I)-Catalyzed/Acid-Mediated Cascade Cyclization of ortho-Alkynylaryl-1,3-dicarbonyls to Access Arylnaphthalenelactones and Furanonaphthol Libraries via Aryl-Disengagement

ortho-Alkynylarylketone derivatives were employed as key precursors for a one-pot synthesis of arylnaphthalenelactone and furanonaphthol libraries. In this work, we discovered a cost-effective protocol to prepare arylnaphthalenelactones in one-pot using inexpensive starting material, malonate ester, which was conveniently functionalized leading to a variety of structures. Moreover, we also found an unexpected oxy-dearylation reaction which could be used to synthesize furanonaphthol analogs. These novel methods could be applied to a broad range of substrates to give the corresponding products in up to 83% yield. Notably, these classes of compounds exhibited more significant inhibition against protein-tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B) enzyme than a standard compound, ursolic acid.     

Study on the Interaction and Properties of Cucurbit[8]uril with Oroxin B

The interaction between cucurbit[8]uril(Q[8]) and oroxin B(ORB) was investigated by UV-visible(UV-Vis) spectroscopy, isothermal titration calorimetry(ITC), mass spectrum(MS) and nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR) spectroscopy. The results showed that ORB formed a 2:1 inclusion complex with Q[8] with a binding constant of 8.266×10⁵ L²·mol^-2. ORB had good scavenging ability for 2,2'-azinobis-(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulphonate)(ABTS) free radicals(IC₅₀=5.74 μmol/L) and the addition of Q[8] did not significantly affect the antioxidant activity of ORB(IC₅₀=5.76 μmol/L). A phase solubility experiment revealed a 1.86-fold increase in the solubility of ORB when c(Q[8])=100 μmol/L. In vitro drug release experiments showed that the release rate for ORB@Q[8] complex was lower than that of ORB in artificial intestinal juice, and higher than that of ORB in artificial gastric juice.     

Information percolation and cutoff for the random‐cluster model

We consider the random‐cluster model (RCM) on with parameters p∈(0,1) and q ≥ 1. This is a generalization of the standard bond percolation (with edges open independently with probability p) which is biased by a factor q raised to the number of connected components. We study the well‐known Fortuin‐Kasteleyn (FK)‐dynamics on this model where the update at an edge depends on the global geometry of the system unlike the Glauber heat‐bath dynamics for spin systems, and prove that for all small enough p (depending on the dimension) and any q>1, the FK‐dynamics exhibits the cutoff phenomenon at with a window size , where λ_∞ is the large n limit of the spectral gap of the process. Our proof extends the information percolation framework of Lubetzky and Sly to the RCM and also relies on the arguments of Blanca and Sinclair who proved a sharp mixing time bound for the planar version. A key aspect of our proof is the analysis of the effect of a sequence of dependent (across time) Bernoulli percolations extracted from the graphical construction of the dynamics, on how information propagates.     

Protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B inhibitors from a marine-derived fungal strain aspergillus sp. SF-5929

Abstract

In the course of our continuing investigation of bioactive secondary metabolites from marine-derived fungal strains, a racemate of a novel diphenolic derivative named (±)-tylopilusin D (1) along with ten previously known secondary metabolites (2–11) were isolated from a marine-derived fungal strain Aspergillus sp. SF-5929. Their structures were elucidated mainly by analysis of NMR and MS data. In addition, the inhibitory effects of the isolated compounds against protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B) activity were evaluated, and compounds 1, 2, and 5–7 inhibited PTP1B activity with IC₅₀ values ranging from 3.3 to 8.1?µM. Kinetics studies suggested that compounds 1, 2, and 5 had noncompetitive inhibitory effects against PTP1B.     

Gravitational wave imprint of new symmetry breaking

It is believed that there are more fundamental gauge symmetries beyond those described by the Standard Model of particle physics. The scales of these new gauge symmetries are usually too high to be reachable by particle colliders. Considering that the phase transition (PT) relating to the spontaneous breaking of new gauge symmetries to the electroweak symmetry might be strongly first order, we propose considering the stochastic gravitational waves (GW) arising from this phase transition as an indirect way of detecting these new fundamental gauge symmetries. As an illustration, we explore the possibility of detecting the stochastic GW generated from the PT of \begin{document}$ {\bf{B}}-{\bf{L}}$\end{document} in the space-based interferometer detectors. Our study demonstrates that the GW energy spectrum is reachable by the LISA, Tianqin, Taiji, BBO, and DECIGO experiments only for the case where the spontaneous breaking of \begin{document}$ {\bf{B}}-{\bf{L}}$\end{document} is triggered by at least two electroweak singlet scalars.     

New soft porous frameworks based on lambda-zirconium phosphate and aliphatic dicarboxylates: Synthesis and structural characterization

New dicarboxylate-functionalized pillared materials with a general formula of λ-ZrPO₄(OH)_1-x(OOC(CH₂)_nCOO)_x/2(dmso) (n=6, 8 and 10) have been prepared by post-synthesis modification of the inorganic layers of λ-zirconium phosphate (λ-ZrP), where the superficial Chloride monovalent anionic ligands of λ-layer are partially exchanged with the divalent anionic ligands of a series of long-chain aliphatic dicarboxylic acids, namely octanedioic acid, decanedioic acid and dodecanedioic acid. The synthesized materials are characterized by X-ray diffractometry, FT-IR spectrophotometry, elemental and thermogravimetric analyses. The X-ray diffraction patterns show that the obtained solid phases are pure. Furthermore, the interlayer distance of λ-ZrP systematically increases from 1.02 to 1.59 nm as a result of the incorporation of the mentioned acids inside the interlayer gallery.     

Uniform stability of semilinear wave equations with arbitrary local memory effects versus frictional dampings

This paper is concerned with the mixed initial–boundary value problem for semilinear wave equations with complementary frictional dampings and memory effects. We successfully establish uniform exponential and polynomial decay rates for the solutions to this initial–boundary value problem under much weak conditions concerning memory effects. More specifically, we obtain the exponential and polynomial decay rates after removing the fundamental condition that the memory-effect region includes a part of the system boundary, while the condition is a necessity in the previous literature; moreover, for the polynomial decay rates we only assume minimal conditions on the memory kernel function g, without the usual assumption of $g^{\prime }$ controlled by g.