硝酸甲酯与不同亲核试剂的SN2反应的理论研究

用从头计算和半经验分子轨道ＡＭ１方法分别对系列亲核试剂和硝酸甲酯的电子结构以及它们之间的气相ＳＮ２反应进行了理论研究，揭示了反应过程中体系的结构，能量和电荷的递变规律，由反应活化能得了这些亲核试剂的亲核性次序为：ＯＨ＾－〉Ｆ＾－〉Ｉ＾－〉ＮＯ＾－３〉ＣＮ＾－〉Ｂｒ＾－〉Ｃｌ＾－〉Ｎ＾－３。     

Ruthenium-catalyzed cyclization of 3-en-1-ynyl imines with nucleophiles via tandem 5-exo-dig cyclization and nucleophilic addition

Treatment of 3-en-1-ynyl imines with TpRuPPh₃(CH₃CN)₂PF₆ catalyst (1 mol %) in DCE (50 °C, 6 h) effected catalytic cyclization with suitable nucleophiles and gave functionalized pyrroles in good yields. The reaction mechanism is proposed to proceed via (2-pyrrolyl)carbenoid intermediates derived from 5-exo-dig cyclization. This catalytic reaction works well with various nucleophiles, including water, alcohols and anilines.     

H_2O/TiCl_4/ED体系引发异丁烯控制正离子聚合中的影响因素研究

在亲核试剂(ED)如吡啶(Py)、N,N-二甲基乙酰胺(DMA)或三乙胺(TEA)存在下,由引发剂H2O和共引发剂TiCl4组成引发体系,在二氯甲烷/正己烷混合溶剂中进行异丁烯(IB)正离子聚合,考察了溶剂极性、聚合温度及异丁烯浓度对聚合反应转化率、产物分子量和分子量分布的影响.试验结果表明,随聚合体系溶剂极性增大,聚合速率加快,相近转化率时聚合产物的分子量分布变窄.随着聚合温度降低,聚合速率明显提高,聚合物的分子量增加,活化能为负值,活性链端发生链转移或链终止等副反应的几率减小,当聚合温度为-60℃时,可以抑制活性链端的β-H脱除反应和链转移副反应,并得到大分子链末端全部为叔氯基团的聚异丁烯(PIB).当[IB]0≤2.5mol/L时,随[IB]0增加,聚合转化率有所增加,聚合产物的GPC谱图均为单峰分布,分子量增大,而分子量分布基本保持不变,对于加入Py的聚合体系,分子量分布指数在1.33~1.45范围内,对于加入TEA的聚合体系,分子量分布指数在1.47~1.60范围内,并求出在加入Py和TEA的聚合体系中活性链向单体的链转移常数CM分别为5.5×10-4和6.6×10-4.     

Gold(III) π-Allyl Complexes

Gold(III) π-complexes have been authenticated recently with alkenes, alkynes, and arenes. The key importance of Pd^II π-allyl complexes in organometallic chemistry (Tsuji–Trost reaction) prompted us to explore gold(III) π-allyl complexes, which have remained elusive so far. The (P,C)Au^III(allyl) and (methallyl) complexes 3 and 3′ were readily prepared and isolated as thermally and air-stable solids. Spectroscopic and crystallographic analyses combined with detailed DFT calculations support tight quasi-symmetric η³-coordination of the allyl moiety. The π-allyl gold(III) complexes are activated towards nucleophilic additions, as substantiated with β-diketo enolates.     

B−B Bond Nucleophilicity in a Tetraaryl μ-Hydridodiborane(4) Anion

The tetraaryl μ-hydridodiborane(4) anion [ 2 H]⁻ possesses nucleophilic B−B and B−H bonds. Treatment of K[ 2 H] with the electrophilic 9-H-9-borafluorene (HBFlu) furnishes the B₃ cluster K[ 3 ], with a triangular boron core linked through two BHB two-electron, three-center bonds and one electron-precise B−B bond, reminiscent of the prominent [B₃H₈]⁻ anion. Upon heating or prolonged stirring at room temperature, K[ 3 ] rearranges to a slightly more stable isomer K[ 3 a ]. The reaction of M[ 2 H] (M⁺=Li⁺, K⁺) with MeI or Me₃SiCl leads to equimolar amounts of 9-R-9-borafluorene and HBFlu (R=Me or Me₃Si). Thus, [ 2 H]⁻ behaves as a masked [:BFlu]⁻ nucleophile. The HBFlu by-product was used in situ to establish a tandem substitution-hydroboration reaction: a 1:1 mixture of M[ 2 H] and allyl bromide gave the 1,3-propylene-linked ditopic 9-borafluorene 5 as sole product. M[ 2 H] also participates in unprecedented [4+1] cycloadditions with dienes to furnish dialkyl diaryl spiroborates, M[R₂BFlu].