Majorana fermions induced fast-and slow-light in a hybrid semiconducting nanowire/superconductor device

We investigate theoretically Rabi-like splitting and Fano resonance in absorption spectra of quantum dots(QDs)based on a hybrid QD-semiconducting nanowire/superconductor(SNW/SC)device mediated by Majorana fermions(MFs).Under the condition of pump on-resonance and off-resonance,the absorption spectrum experiences the conversion from Fano resonance to Rabi-like splitting in different parametric regimes.In addition,the Fano resonances are accompanied by the rapid normal phase dispersion,which will indicate the coherent optical propagation.The results indicate that the group velocity index is tunable with controlling the interaction between the QD and MFs,which can reach the conversion between the fast-and slow-light.Fano resonance will be another method to detect MFs and our research may indicate prospective applications in quantum information processing based on the hybrid QD-SNW/SC devices.     

高效液相色谱-蒸发光散射检测法同时测定固态食品中6种稀有糖

稀有糖在固态食品中的应用量与日俱增，引发了掺假、过量添加等食品安全问题，因此建立固态食品中稀有糖(阿洛酮糖、塔格糖、海藻糖、异麦芽酮糖、赤藓糖醇和甘露糖醇)的检测方法十分重要。本文基于高效液相色谱-蒸发光散射检测器，建立了一种同时检测固态食品中6种稀有糖的分析方法。选用Zorbax Original NH₂色谱柱(250 mm×4.6 mm, 5μm)进行分离，流动相为乙腈-水(80∶20, v/v),流速梯度洗脱。蒸发光散射检测系统的漂移管温度设置为50℃,雾化器载气为高纯氮，载气流速为1.0 mL/min,压力为275.79 kPa,增益值为3。样品经25 mL水提取，振荡涡旋10 min,分别加入200μL的乙酸锌溶液和200μL的亚铁氰化钾溶液净化，4 500 r/min离心10 min,取上清液1 mL,过0.22μm水相滤膜，待上机分析。6种稀有糖在各自范围内线性关系良好，决定系数(R²)均>0.998 5,方法的检出限为0.02～0.60 g/100 g。以空白固态食品样品为基质，在3种加标水平下，6种稀有糖的回收率为92...     

Is it universal that the layered-spinel structure can improve electrochemical performance?

The introduction of spinel phase to form the layered-spinel structure(LSS)is an effective way to improve the electrochemical performance of Li-and Mn-rich layered oxides(LMR).But is this structure universal for all LMR systems?In this work,different Mn/Ni ratio systems with the LSS are discussed in detail.It is found that,high discharge capacity(200.8 mA h g^-1 at 1C rate;1C=250 mA h g^-1)as well as high capacity-retention(94%at 1C rate after 100 cycles)can be achieved by forming the LSS for low-Ni system(Mn/Ni=5.0).However,the capacity retention decreases severely in the high-Ni system(Mn/Ni=3.5,2.6).For example,when the ratio of Mn/Ni is 3.5,the capacity-retention of the layered-spinel sample was only 65.8%,compared to the 83%of the original LMR sample.The Ex-situ XRD,XPS,and HRTEM results demonstrate that the introduction of spinel phase in high-Ni system accelerates the transition and collapse of the crystal structure.This work provides guidance for optimizing the proportions of elements and the design of structures for the LMR.     

CdS/Si nanofilm heterojunctions based on amorphous silicon films:Fabrication,structures,and electrical properties

Shortening the distance between the depletion region and the electrodes to reduce the trapped probability of carriers is a useful approach for improving the performance of heterojunction.The CdS/Si nanofilm heterojunctions are fabricated by using the radio frequency magnetron sputtering method to deposit the amorphous silicon nanofilms and Cd S nanofilms on the ITO glass in turn.The relation of current density to applied voltage(I-V)shows the obvious rectification effect.From the analysis of the double logarithm I-V curve it follows that below~2.73 V the electron behaviors obey the Ohmic mechanism and above~2.73 V the electron behaviors conform to the space charge limited current(SCLC)mechanism.In the SCLC region part of the traps between the Fermi level and conduction band are occupied,and with the increase of voltage most of the traps are occupied.It is believed that Cd S/Si nanofilm heterojunction is a potential candidate in the field of nano electronic and optoelectronic devices by optimizing its fabricating procedure.     

多孔氮化硼掺杂聚吡咯-2,3,3-三甲基吲哚固相微萃取涂层的制备及多环芳烃的检测

多环芳烃(PAHs)是持久性有机污染物中的一种，大部分具有较强的致癌、致畸和致突变性，对生态环境和人类健康易造成严重威胁。由于环境样品基质复杂且其中PAHs含量低，因此在仪器分析之前需要对环境样品进行必要的前处理。萃取材料的特性是决定大部分前处理技术萃取效率的关键。基于此，本文以低成本且富含较多官能团的吡咯(py)、2,3,3-三甲基吲哚(2,3,3-TMe@In)为单体，多孔氮化硼为掺杂物，采用电化学循环伏安法制备出多孔氮化硼掺杂聚吡咯-2,3,3-三甲基吲哚(Ppy/P2,3,3-TMe@In/BN)复合涂层，通过扫描电子显微镜、热稳定性分析、傅里叶红外光谱等手段对Ppy/P2,3,3-TMe@In/BN进行表征，结果表明：该涂层呈现出多孔、多褶皱的枝状结构，该结构有利于增加涂层的比表面积，从而实现对PAHs的大量富集；在320℃解吸温度下，涂层材料的色谱基线基本稳定，表明该涂层具有良好的热稳定性。将其修饰在不锈钢丝表面制成固相微萃取涂层，结合气相色谱-氢火焰离子化检测器，对影响萃取和分离萘(NAP)、苊(ANY)、芴(FLU)3种PAHs的条件进行优化，建立了用于以上3种PAHs...     

水热法制备二氧化锡/钨酸铋复合光催化材料及其催化活性研究

本文用水热法制备了正交晶系的纳米球状结构的二氧化锡和正交晶系的由片状聚集成球状结构的钨酸铋,并且对二者进行了复合,制备出了二氧化锡/钨酸铋复合光催化材料。采用X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、比表面积测试仪(BET)、紫外可见分光光度计等技术对复合样品的结构、形貌、比表面积、孔容孔径和光学性质进行了表征。用碘钨灯模拟太阳光,分别以二氧化锡、钨酸铋和二氧化锡/钨酸铋复合材料为催化剂降解罗丹明B(RhB),研究所制备的二氧化锡/钨酸铋复合材料的光催化活性。光催化90 min时二氧化锡、钨酸铋和二氧化锡/钨酸铋对罗丹明B的降解率分别是9%、22%和30%。实验结果表明,在可见光下,二氧化锡/钨酸铋复合材料的光催化活性要高于单一的二氧化锡和钨酸铋。     

基于抛光基材的热蒸镀铜箔生长高平整单层石墨烯薄膜

在石墨烯的化学气相沉积工艺中,铜箔是决定石墨烯薄膜质量的重要因素。传统铜箔由于制备工艺的限制,存在大量的缺陷,导致石墨烯薄膜的成核密度较高。本工作选用抛光铝板、抛光不锈钢板、微晶玻璃和SiO₂/Si作为基材,用热蒸镀法制备了不同粗糙度的铜箔,并详细讨论了以该系列铜箔生长高平整度石墨烯薄膜的条件及铜箔对石墨烯薄膜品质的影响。实验结果表明,铜箔以(111)取向为主,与基材分离后,表面具有纳米级平整度。在生长石墨烯后,从SiO₂/Si剥离的铜箔成核密度是4种基材中最小的。同时,从SiO₂/Si剥离的铜箔晶体结构变化最不明显,具有良好的结晶性,表面几乎不存在铜晶界缺陷。当压强为3 000 Pa,氢气和甲烷流速分别为300 mL/min和0.5 mL/min时,可以获得约1 mm横向尺寸的石墨烯单晶晶畴。