Visible light-driven acridone catalysis for atom transfer radical polymerization

Acridone as a new kind of visible light photocatalyst has been developed to catalyze metal free atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP). The photocatalyst possess low excited state potential as can undergo an oxidative quenching pathway to initiate ATRP of vinyl monomers. Kinetic study and light on/off reaction demonstrate the “living”/controlled nature of the polymerization by light. Block copolymers can be achieved by using PMMA as macroinitiator to reinitiate polymerization of other vinyl monomers, which shows highly preserved Br chain-end functionality in the synthesized polymers. Moreover, the polymerization can be conducted under air atmosphere as most photocatalysts need anaerobic condition, which may give inspiration of further application of this kind of photocatalyst.     

射频等离子制备石墨烯负载Co3O4催化剂及其析氧性能研究

氢能的引入能有效提升配电网的供电可靠性,而电解水制氢是实现低碳转型的关键技术,开发高效的电解水催化剂势在必行。过渡金属氧化物储量大、催化活性高,是具有广阔应用前景的析氧反应催化剂。本文通过射频等离子体处理制备石墨烯上负载Co₃O₄析氧催化剂,XRD、Raman和XPS测试结果显示,二维结构石墨烯的引入加速表面电子迁移,增大了反应面积。等离子体处理促进了纳米粒子在石墨烯上的负载,利用等离子体刻蚀作用在催化剂表面制造出大量碳结构缺陷和氧空位结构,改善了活性位点分布,有效调控Co₃O₄电子结构,提高析氧催化活性。电化学测试表明,本文中合成的Co₃O₄@rGO在电流密度为50 mA·cm^-2时的过电位为410 mV,动力学反应速率较快,表现出优于商业IrO₂的析氧催化活性。     

Fast Cysteine Bioconjugation Chemistry

Cysteine bioconjugation serves as a powerful tool in biological research and has been widely used for chemical modification of proteins, constructing antibody-drug conjugates, and enabling cell imaging studies. Cysteine conjugation reactions with fast kinetics and exquisite selectivity have been under heavy pursuit as they would allow clean protein modification with just stoichiometric amounts of reagents, which minimizes side reactions, simplifies purification and broadens functional group tolerance. In this concept, we summarize the recent advances in fast cysteine bioconjugation, and discuss the mechanism and chemical principles that underlie the high efficiencies of the newly developed cysteine reactive reagents.     

阳离子交换皂石黏土在基质辅助激光解吸电离飞行时间质谱分析中的应用

将一种人工合成的无机聚合物——蒙脱石皂石黏土（smectite，Sm）应用于基质辅助激光解吸电离飞行时间质谱分析（matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time of flight mass spectrometry, MALDI-TOF-MS），以检测糖类化合物。 将传统的有机基质2，4，6-三羟基苯乙酮（trihydroxyacetophenone, THAP）与阳离子交换后的皂石黏土混合制备成新型复合基质，应用于糖类化合物的检测。通过比较不同的制样方法，测定不同分子直径的糖类化合物，发现由于受复合基质晶面间距的限制，只有小分子糖类化合物能进入晶面间隙充分接触有机基质并被离子化，从而实现对小分子糖类化合物的选择性检测。     

Maltol as a Novel Agent Protecting SH-SY5Y Cells Against Hemin-induced Ferroptosis

Ferroptosis triggered by hemin is regarded as a primary factor accounting for neuronal death secondary to intracerebral hemorrhage. Thus, compounds with inhibitory effect on hemin-induced ferroptosis might be potential medicines to prevent neuronal death caused by intracerebral hemorrhage. Herein, we investigate whether maltol could alleviate hemin-induced SH-SY5Y cell ferroptosis and its potential mechanisms. It is found that maltol effectively prevents hemin-induced SH-SY5Y cell ferroptosis via three pathways. The first one is inhibiting intracellular iron increase via preventing upregulation of transferrin receptor, the second one is alleviating lipid peroxidation via attenuating H₂O₂ generation by NOX4 and promoting H₂O₂ clearance by catalase, and the third one is to reduce peroxidized lipids via maintaining GPX4/GSH pathway. Therefore, maltol is a novel agent preventing hemin-induced SH-SY5Y cell ferroptosis.     

新型Cd(Ⅱ)-MOF的合成及对4-硝基苯胺的高效识别

采用新型1,3,5-三(1H-苯并[d]咪唑-2-基)苯(TBB)配体及2,5-二羟基对苯二甲酸(H₂dhtp)线性配体, 以Cd(Ⅱ)离子为中心节点, 构筑了具有新型拓扑结构(unj)的手性金属-有机框架材料[Cd(TBB)(dhtp) ](配合物1). 该配合物具有较强的光致发光性能, 可分散在溶液中荧光检测硝基配合物等污染物. 其中, 4-硝基苯胺对配合物1具有高效的荧光猝灭能力, 检测限可低至0.145 mg/L, 并具有较好的选择性.     

机械力固相法制备纳米α-FeOOH及其光催化性能研究

采用机械力固相法以FeCl3和Fe(NO3)3分别作为铁源.在铁源与碱1∶5摩尔比的条件下,先球磨3h,再经过60℃水浴陈化得到纳米针铁矿(α-FeOOH).用X-射线衍射仪(XRD)、场发射扫描电子显微镜(FE-SEM)、比表面和孔隙度分析仪(BET)、紫外-可见分光光度计以及电化学工作站对其物相、微观形貌、比表面、光催化和光电化学性能进行表征.结果 表明:不同铁源的阴离子会诱导合成形貌和性能差异的纳米针铁矿,以FeCl3为原料合成的纳米α-FeOOH粒径较小、比表面积及孔容较大、对有机染料罗丹明B的降解率较以Fe(NO3)3为原料的α-FeOOH提高了48.7;.     

以天然椰壳为碳源制备硼碳氮微米线

首次以天然椰壳为碳源,高温下在流动氨气中用氯化铁(FeCl3)对无定型硼粉和椰壳进行退火,大规模合成了硼碳氮(BCN)微纳米结构,即由纳米片包覆竹节状纳米管组装而成的微米线.利用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)、傅里叶红外光(FTIR)、X射线光电子能谱仪(XPS)以及荧光光谱仪(PL)等手段对所得微米线进行了表征.结果显示,微米线的直径约为200～600 nm,纳米片的平均厚度小于20 nm.纳米片大多是以弯曲和皱折的形态分离的.微米线由B、C、N元素组成,计算出B、C、N的原子比为11.4:1:9.2.提出了汽液固(VLS)和汽固(VS)相结合的生长机理并对B11.4 CN9.2微米线的形成进行了研究.初步讨论了反应温度对微米线的影响.     

双金属合金团簇M12Ni(M=Pt,Sn,Cu)催化甲烷干法重整反应的理论研究

利用密度泛函理论(DFT)研究了M₁₂Ni(M=Pt, Sn, Cu) 3种双金属合金团簇的电子活性和结构稳定性, 并探讨了甲烷干法重整反应(DRM)在M₁₂Ni双金属团簇表面的反应能量变化情况. 经比较发现甲烷脱氢和二氧化碳活化过程在Pt₁₂Ni团簇表面进行需克服的活化能垒最低, 反应最易进行. Sn₁₂Ni团簇上生成碳需要较高的活化能, 说明Sn₁₂Ni团簇能够有效抑制焦碳的生成, 一定程度上克服了碳沉积导致的催化剂失活现象, 并且Sn₁₂Ni团簇在C ^*和CH ^*氧化过程中表现出最佳的催化活性. Cu₁₂Ni团簇仅在甲烷脱氢过程中表现出较为优异的催化活性.