广西经济增长、金融发展与城乡收入差距的实证研究

探讨了经济增长及金融发展与城乡收入差距之间互动影响,刻画了三者间的逻辑关系,并基于广西1990-2017年的统计数据,运用状态空间模型及卡尔曼滤波算法对三者间动态关系进行了实证分析.结果显示:经济增长对城乡收入差距呈现倒U型曲线形态,而金融发展则显示出具有不断缩小城乡收入差距的趋势.     

Kinetics and isothermal adsorption of U(VI) in aqueous solution by nano-Ni0

Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry - The nanoscale zero-valent nickel (nano-Ni0) was prepared by liquid-phase reduction method and characterized by BET, XPS, FT-IR and XRD and be used...     

M-lump and interactive solutions to a (3 $${+}$$ + 1)-dimensional nonlinear system

Nonlinear Dynamics - This paper aims at computing M-lump solutions for the $$(3+1)$$ -dimensional nonlinear evolution equation. These solutions in all directions decline to an identical state...     

侧向点爆炸作用下地下拱结构的动力响应

首先，利用几何关系与介质中超压、位移衰减公式得出结构表面自由场荷载和位移的分布形式，并对衰减因数、爆距等参数进行讨论；其次，利用MSSI（modified soil-structure interaction）相互作用模型对拱的振动方程进行正交求解，得到任意角度荷载作用下的结构弹性动力响应解析解。基于动力响应解析解，得到了土体的声阻抗对结构位移、速度、加速度时程响应曲线的影响。研究结果表明:侧向爆炸荷载作用下，岩土介质声阻抗越大，埋设其中的地下结构的位移、速度和加速度变化越大。为此，建议地下防护结构应修建在声阻抗小的岩土介质中。     

温度对AZO薄膜红外辐射性能的影响

随着全球资源的减少和环境的恶化，节能减排已成为人们关注的焦点，具有保温隔热功能的低辐射玻璃成为研究的热点。提高玻璃保温隔热性能最有效的方法就是在其表面涂覆低辐射率层。原材料丰富、导电性能好、可见光透过率高等优势使得Al掺杂ZnO (AZO)薄膜成为最具潜力的低辐射率层。系统研究了温度对AZO薄膜红外辐射性能的影响，分析了变化机理。首先研究了在一定的温度下持续一段时间后，AZO薄膜的红外比辐射率的变化情况。然后研究了在变温环境中红外比辐射率的变化情况。采用直流磁控溅射法在室温下玻璃基片上沉积500 nm厚的AZO薄膜，将薄膜放到马弗炉中进行热处理，在100～400 ℃空气气氛下保温1 h，随炉冷却。采用X射线衍射仪对AZO薄膜进行物相分析，采用扫描电子显微镜观察薄膜表面形貌变化。利用四探针测试法测量AZO薄膜的电阻率，采用红外比辐射率测试仪测试薄膜红外比辐射率, 可见分光光度计测量可见光谱。测试的结果表明，薄膜热处理前后均为六角纤锌矿结构，(002)择优取向。300 ℃及以下热处理1 h后，(002)衍射峰增强，半高宽变窄，晶粒尺寸长大。随着热处理温度的升高，薄膜的电阻率先减小后增大，200 ℃热处理后的薄膜具有最小的电阻率(0.9×10-3 Ω·cm)。热处理温度升高，晶粒长大使得薄膜电阻率降低。热处理温度过高，薄膜会从空气中吸收氧，电阻率下降。薄膜的红外比辐射率变化趋势和电阻率的一致，在200 ℃热处理后获得最小值(0.48)。自由电子对红外光子有较强的反射作用，当电阻率低，自由电子浓度高的时候，更多的红外光子被反射，红外辐射作用弱，红外比辐射率小。薄膜的可见光透过率随着热处理温度的升高先减小后增大，200 ℃热处理后的薄膜的可见光透过率最小，但仍高达82%。这种变化是由于自由电子浓度变化引起的，自由电子对可见光有很强的反射作用。选取未热处理和200 ℃热处理后的样品进行变温红外比辐射率的测量，将样品放在可加热的样品台上，位置固定，在室温到350 ℃的升温和降温过程中每隔25 ℃测量一次红外比辐射率，结果表明，在室温到350 ℃的温度范围内，AZO薄膜的红外比辐射率在升温过程中随着温度的上升而增大，在降温过程中减小，经过整个升、降温过程后，薄膜的红外比辐射率增大。     

高效液相色谱法分析两种不同溴取代芴

建立了一种操作简单、适用于两种不同溴取代芴（2-溴芴和2，7-二溴芴）的高效液相色谱分析方法.采用反相C18柱，乙腈-水（体积比80∶20）为流动相，流速为1.3 mL/min，以270 nm为检测波长，外标定量测定2-溴芴和2，7-二溴芴的含量.在此条件下，2-溴芴和2，7-二溴芴在0.01~0.12 mg/mL范围内呈线性关系，相关系数均为0.999 9，平均回收率分别为106.7%和100.1%，相对标准偏差分别为0.72%和0.87%.方法操作简单，结果准确，适用于以上两种主要溴取代芴的分析检测.     

Three Mechanisms in One Material: Uranium Capture by a Polyoxometalate–Organic Framework through Combined Complexation,Chemical Reduction,and Photocatalytic Reduction

The design and synthesis of uranium sorbent materials with high uptake efficiency, capacity and selectivity, as well as excellent hydrolytic stability and radiation resistance remains a challenge. Herein, a polyoxometalate (POM)–organic framework material ( SCU‐19 ) with a rare inclined polycatenation structure was designed, synthesized through a solvothermal method, and tested for uranium separation. Under dark conditions, SCU‐19 can efficiently capture uranium through ligand complexation using its exposed oxo atoms and partial chemical reduction from U^VI to U^IV by the low‐valent Mo atoms in the POM. An additional U^VI photocatalytic reduction mechanism can occur under visible light irradiation, leading to a higher uranium removal without saturation and faster sorption kinetics. SCU‐19 is the only uranium sorbent material with three distinct sorption mechanisms, as further demonstrated by X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and X‐ray absorption near edge structure (XANES) analysis.     

Dielectric and elastic properties of fluorine-containing tricyclic isothiocyanate liquid crystal

The dielectric and elastic properties of liquid crystals (LCs) generally depend on the molecule structure, such as polar group and carbon chain length. For further investigation of the influence of molecular structure on the dielectric and elastic properties of fluorine-containing tricyclic isothiocyanate LC, the experimental temperature was controlled at 25°C by precision hot stage, and a precision LCR meter was used to measure the capacitance of six LC cells under the voltage from 0.1 to 20 V at 1 kHz. An LC cell capacitance model and a dual-cell model were adopted to obtain the dielectric anisotropy, and the capacitance–voltage curves of six LC materials were plotted. The threshold voltage of Fréedericksz transition was analysed, and a finite difference iterative method was used to attain specific values of three elastic constants. The influence of molecular structure on the dielectric and elastic constants was finally analysed. Experimental results showed that the introduction of meta-difluoro group would increase the dielectric anisotropy and reduce the threshold voltage of LC. As the length of the alkyl carbon chain increased, the dielectric anisotropy would have an odd–even alternation effect, which would lead to changes in the elastic constants of LC.     

胍基硅前驱体的合成及应用

以胍基取代的二甲基二氯硅烷与胺基锂反应合成了3种硅基化合物,使用核磁共振、高分辨质谱、元素分析对化合物结构进行了表征,通过热重分析(TGA)研究了化合物的热稳定性、挥发性、蒸汽压等性能。 3种化合物均具有良好的热稳定性及挥发性,无明显热分解过程,固体残留小于1%,接近纯挥发过程,最高蒸汽压在3600~5300 Pa,满足前驱体使用要求。 以二甲基-胍基-甲乙胺基-硅烷为前驱体,采用螺旋波等离子体气相沉积(HWPCVD)工艺制备了硅基薄膜,使用X射线光电子能谱(XPS)和扫描电子显微镜(SEM)分析了薄膜的化学组成和膜表面结构,XPS分析结果证实该薄膜为Si、N、C组成,实验结果表明,该类胍基硅化合物可作为硅基化学气相沉积(CVD)前驱体材料应用于集成电路制造。     

Thermal Activation of CH4 and H2 as Mediated by the Ruthenium Oxide Cluster Ions [RuOx]+ (x=1–3): On the Influence of Oxidation States

Thermal gas-phase reactions of the ruthenium-oxide clusters [RuO_x]⁺ (x=1–3) with methane and dihydrogen have been explored by using FT-ICR mass spectrometry complemented by high-level quantum chemical calculations. For methane activation, as compared to the previously studied [RuO]⁺/CH₄ couple, the higher oxidized Ru systems give rise to completely different product distributions. [RuO₂]⁺ brings about the generations of [Ru,O,C,H₂]⁺/H₂O, [Ru,O,C]⁺/H₂/H₂O, and [Ru,O,H₂]⁺/CH₂O, whereas [RuO₃]⁺ exhibits a higher selectivity and efficiency in producing formaldehyde and syngas (CO+H₂). Regarding the reactions with H₂, as compared to CH₄, both [RuO]⁺ and [RuO₂]⁺ react similarly inefficiently with oxygen-atom transfer being the main reaction channel; in contrast, [RuO₃]⁺ is inert toward dihydrogen. Theoretical analysis reveals that the reduction of the metal center drives the overall oxidation of methane, whereas the back-bonding orbital interactions between the cluster ions and dihydrogen control the H−H bond activation. Furthermore, the reactivity patterns of [RuO_x]⁺ (x=1–3) with CH₄ and H₂ have been compared with the previously reported results of Group 8 analogues [OsO_x]⁺/CH₄/H₂ (x=1–3) and the [FeO]⁺/H₂ system. The electronic origins for their distinctly different reaction behaviors have been addressed.