柠檬酸配合法制备CuMnCeOx催化剂及常温催化氧化性能研究

摘要：常温催化氧化是消除室内HCHO污染最可行的方法之一,其中以过渡金属氧化物为代表的催化剂因性能优异、成本低廉而备受广泛关注。采用柠檬酸络合法和水热法制备了一系列CuMnCeOx催化剂,研究考察制备方法及载体对催化剂氧化性能的影响,并利用XRD、SEM、BET、H2-TPR、XPS和IR等对催化剂进行微观表征与分析。研究发现,制备方法及载体类型对催化剂的表面结构形貌、氧化性能产生显著影响,其中采用柠檬酸络合法所制的CuMnCeOx-C催化剂性能最佳,48h的HCHO去除率达98.6%,完全满足GB50325-2001标准要求,其介孔结构,晶体粒径及所形成的铈基铜锰固溶体均利于形成大量氧空位及催化氧化反应,且展示出良好的抗水蒸气和稳定性能,其在常温催化氧化VOCs方面具有重要应用前景。     

匀浆提取-超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定烟草中亚硝胺含量

提出了超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定烟草中N-亚硝基降烟碱(NNN)、N-亚硝基新烟草碱(NAT)、N-亚硝基假木贼碱(NAB)和4-甲基亚硝基吡啶基丁酮(NNK)等4种亚硝胺含量的方法。烟草样品经0.1mol.L-1乙酸铵溶液匀浆提取,离心分离取上清液过Waters AcquityUPLC BEH C18色谱柱(2.1mm×100mm,1.7μm)分离,以乙腈和0.01mol.L-1乙酸铵溶液按不同体积混合作流动相梯度洗脱。串联质谱测定中采用电喷雾离子源正离子模式和多反应监测模式检测,同位素内标法定量。NNK、NNN、NAB和NAT的检出限(3s)分别为0.06,0.17,0.15,0.053μg.L-1。方法的加标回收率在92.1%～104%之间;日内和日间相对标准偏差(n=7)分别为2.7%～3.3%和3.5%～4.2%。     

基于LabVIEW FPGA的三相锁相环设计与实现

针对传统FPGA模式开发的锁相环在实时人机交互方面的不足,设计了基于LabVIEW FPGA技术的三相锁相环;方案以sbRIO-9631模块为硬件平台,利用LabVIEW编程控制FPGA逻辑,在FPGA中分三级流水线实现了基于dq变换的锁相环算法,并通过FIFO实时上传采集信号、锁定相位至PC机,最后在PC机上实现对锁相环性能分析、PI参数调控和数据显示;经过实验,该锁相环具有较高的精度,锁相时间约为两个周期,锁相误差约为0.03 rad,通过PC机可实时调节锁相性能。     

Bottom-up design and assembly with superatomic building blocks

Constructing specific structures from the bottom up with artificial units is an important interdisciplinary topic involving physics, chemistry, materials, and so on. In this work, we theoretically demonstrated the feasibility of using superatoms as building blocks to assemble a complex at atomic-level precision. By using a series of actinide-based endohedral metallofullerene (EMF) superatoms that can form one, two, three and four chemical bonds, a planar complex with intra- and inter-molecular interactions was assembled on the Au(111) surface. This complex is composed of two parts, containing ten and eight superatoms, respectively. The electronic structure analysis shows that the electron density inside each part is connected and the closed-shell electronic arrangement system is designed. There is also an obvious van der Waals boundary by physical adsorption between the two parts, and a stable complex is formed. Since this complex is realized by the first-principles calculations of quantum mechanics, our results help not only achieve atomic-level precision construction with artificial superatomic units but also maintain atomic-level functional properties.     

非线性抛物问题的二重网格混合元算法

针对一类非线性抛物方程的混合元形式,本文提出了二重网格算法.该算法是在网格大小为H的粗网格上求解—个非线性系统,再在网格大小为h的细网格上进行两次线性计算.算法第二步和第三步的误差分别为O(△_t~2 h~(k 1) H~(2K 2)),O(△_t~2 h~(k 1) h~(-d/2)H~(4k 4)),其中k为逼近空间的多项式的次数,d为空间维数.该估计对H的选取起了很大的作用.对于粗网格上的非线性计算,本文给出了L~p(2≤p<∞)模误差估计.     

悬浮聚合法合成马拉硫磷分子印迹聚合物的吸附性能研究

基于分子印迹技术,采用悬浮聚合的方法,合成了马拉硫磷分子印迹聚合物。通过优化,确定最佳合成条件为:模板分子(马拉硫磷)∶功能单体(α-甲基丙烯酸)为1∶8,模板分子(马拉硫磷)∶交联剂(乙二醇二甲基丙烯酸酯)为1∶40,温度60℃,引发剂用量为1.0%。吸附性能测试结果表明,印迹聚合物对马拉硫磷的最大吸附量为4.62μg/mg,而非印迹聚合物对马拉硫磷的最大吸附量为2.21μg/mg;通过选择性实验得到印迹聚合物对灭线磷、甲拌磷、特丁硫磷、乐果、马拉硫磷、克线磷的吸附量分别为3.87、3.75、3.57、4.00、4.44、3.61μg/mg,而非印迹聚合物的吸附量分别为1.42、1.37、1.30、1.43、1.12、1.23μg/mg。     

用时间微分扰动角关联技术表征MO／γ－Al_2O_3加氢脱硫催化剂──Ⅱ．还原态Mo／γ－Al_2O_3催化剂

用时间微分扰动角关联技术表征ＭＯ／γ－Ａｌ＿２Ｏ＿３加氢脱硫催化剂──Ⅱ．还原态Ｍｏ／γ－Ａｌ＿２Ｏ＿３催化剂孙桂大，于延云，鲁琴，焦阳，任立国，阎富山（抚顺石油学院石油化工系，抚顺１１３００１）倪新伯（中国科学院上海原子核研究所，上海２０１８００）...     

模糊关系下的半环的广义模糊双理想

给出了半环的广义模糊双理想的概念并讨论了模糊关系下的半环的广义模糊双理想的一些代数性质.     

聚光光伏系统散热研究进展

对聚光光伏系统的发展过程进行了回顾。根据电池和聚光系统分类介绍了相匹配的散热冷却方式。电池组合方式简单、聚光倍数低的系统,使用传统风冷、水冷的被动散热即可满足要求;电池组合方式复杂、聚光倍数高的系统,常利用液浸冷却、射流冲击、通道冷却或多方法组合的新型冷却方式。指出在控制成本的前提下,选择系统可靠性高、结构简单的换热方式是聚光光伏电池从研究走向商用的关键;总结了国内外相关学者对各种聚光光伏电池散热系统的研究,介绍了各种技术的优越性和不足之处。     

Enantiomer separation by CEC——Enantiomer separation by packed-capillary electrochromatography

Three chiral compounds were successfully separated in a short time with two enantiomer separation models on packed-capillary electrochromatography (CEC). (i) 75 μm I.D. capillaries were packed with 5 μm β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) chiral stationary phase (CSP). Effects of voltage, pH and concentration of organic modifier on electroosmotic flow (EOF) and chiral separations were investigated systematically. Enantiomers of a neutral compound (benzoin) and a neutral drug (mephenytoin) were separated within a short time with high efficiency. Efficiency of 32 000 theoretical plates per meter and resolution (R_s) of 1.42 were achieved for enantiomers of benzoin using a βCD packed column with 6.2 cm packed length. Efficiency of 45 000 theoretical plates per meter and R_s of 3.40 were obtained for enantiomers of mephenytoin. Especially, the enantiomer separation of mephenytion was performed in just 3.4 min with R_s of 2.60. (ⅱ) 75 μm I.D. capillary was packed with octadecylsilica particles (ODS). Chiral separat