离子液中金鸡纳碱稳定的Pt纳米粒子催化α-酮酸酯不对称加氢

在金鸡纳生物碱稳定剂存在下,通过简便的H_2还原PtO_2可以高效的在咪唑鎓盐离子液体中制备铂纳米颗粒(Pt NPs).TEM表明获得了平均粒径约1.78 nm且分散良好的Pt NPs.在金鸡纳生物碱的修饰下, Pt NPs催化剂在α-酮酸酯的不对称氢化中表现出优异的活性和对映选择性.在辛可尼定稳定和修饰作用下,丙酮酸乙酯催化不对称加氢TOF可达4640 h~(-1),α-酮酸酯的多相对映选择性氢化中ee值可达70.0%～80.1%.研究表明稳定剂和修饰剂手性中心、立体构型及空间位阻等特性协同影响不对称催化诱导能力.BMIMPF_6与乙酸的溶剂组合也是实现高活性及对映选择性的必要条件.催化剂可以重复使用多次,且活性和对映选择性没有明显降低.     

Simulations on the multi-shell target ignition driven by radiation pulse in Z-pinch dynamic hohlraum

We present the first simulation results of a multi-shell target ignition driven by Z-pinch dynamic hohlraum radiation pulse. The radiation pulse is produced with a special Z-pinch dynamic hohlraum configuration, where the hohlraum is composed of a single metal liner, a low-Z plastic foam, and a high-Z metallic foam. The implosion dynamics of a hohlraum and a multi-shell target are investigated separately by the one-dimensional code MULTI-IFE. When the peak drive current is 50 MA, simulations suggest that an x-ray pulse with nearly constant radiation temperature (～ 310 eV) and a duration about 9 ns can be obtained. A small multi-shell target with a radius of 1.35 mm driven by this radiation pulse is able to achieve volumetric ignition with an energy gain (G) about 6.19, where G is the ratio of the yield to the absorbed radiation. Through this research, we better understand the effects of non-uniformities and hydrodynamics instabilities in Z-pinch dynamic hohlraum.