纳米锰基普鲁士白的制备及电化学储钠性能

采用高温共沉淀法制备锰基菱方相的普鲁士白正极材料,研究合成温度对产物微结构和电化学性能的影响。研究发现,随着合成温度的提高,产物的结晶度、颗粒尺寸和嵌钠容量明显提高。当合成温度为90℃时,产物在15 mA·g^-1下首次充放电容量分别达到142和139 mAh·g^-1。在30和50 mA·g^-1分别循环300和600次时,容量仍保持在111和89 mAh·g^-1。     

Transition of Magnetoresistance in Co/Alq3 Granular Film on Silicon Substrate

A Coo.3s （Alq3）o.62 granular film is prepared using a co-evaporating technique on a silicon substrate with a native oxide layer. A crossover of magnetoresistance （MR） from positive to negative is observed. The positive MR ratio reaches 17.5% at room temperature （H = 50kOe）, and the negative MR ratio reaches -1.35% at 1514 （H = 10 kOe）. Furthermore, a metal-insulator transition is also observed. The transition of resistance and MR results from the channel switching of electron transport between the upper Co-AIq3 granular film and the inversion layer underneath. The negative MR originates from the tunneling magnetoresistance effect due to the tunneling conducting between adjacent Co granules, and the positive MR may be attributed to the transport of high mobility carriers in the SiO2/Si inversion layer.     

Influence of Substrate on the Transportation Properties of Co/Alq3 Granular Films on a Si Wafer

A series of Co0.48 （Alq3）0.52 granular films were deposited on silicon substrates using the co-evaporating technique. A crossover of magnetoresistance （MR） from negative to positive was observed in the samples, due to conducting channel switching. The transport properties of samples are greatly influenced by hydrofluoric acid pretreatment, as a result, positive MR decreases drastically and the temperature dependence of resistance changes a lot near room temperature. The result indicates that the native oxide layer plays an important role in the transport mechanism. Moreover, different resistivities of Si substrates influence the current distribution of conducting channels, leading to different transport behaviors accordingly.     

3D打印点阵夹芯结构冲击损伤的近场动力学模拟

为了有效模拟3D打印点阵材料夹芯结构在弹丸冲击下的损伤破坏行为,在近场动力学微极模型中引入塑性键,构建了适用于点阵材料夹芯结构的模型和建模方法,在验证模型准确性的基础上,模拟分析了低速和高速弹丸冲击下点阵材料夹芯结构的损伤模式与破坏机理。结果表明：低速冲击下3D打印点阵夹芯结构的破坏模式以局部塑性变形为主;高速冲击下,破坏模式表现为溃裂、孔洞贯穿和碎片喷射,并伴随着大范围的塑性变形。低速冲击下塑性变形范围随冲击速度升高而增大,而高速冲击下则相反。高速冲击下,点阵夹芯结构的贯穿过程分为面板接触、局部屈服、芯材压溃、穿透4个阶段,弹丸经历了急-缓-急3段减速过程,并对应2个加速度高峰,第2个加速度峰值低于第1个加速度峰值的50%;低速冲击过程中,弹丸仅有1次减速过程,加速度峰值随冲击速度的升高而增大,最终弹丸反弹。     

基于元胞自动机模型的道路突发瓶颈现象研究

针对特殊交通事件诱发的道路突发瓶颈现象,结合驾驶员在瓶颈现象发生前后的行为变化,提出了一个考虑驾驶员在瓶颈处驾驶特性的元胞自动机模型,并利用该模型分析了瓶颈现象对驾驶特性的影响.结果发现,该模型可以刻画不对称换道和瓶颈处抢道行为所产生的一些复杂的交通现象.研究表明,在瓶颈处实行不对称交替通行可以提高系统流量.     

Magneto-optical Kerr Effect in Co/Alq3 Granular Films

A series of Co/Alq3 granular film samples are prepared using co-evaporating technique. The microstructures and magnetic properties are investigated. The Kerr spectra and optical constants of Cox（Alq3）1-x （0.19 ≤ x ≤ 1） granular films are measured using a magneto-optical Kerr spectrometer and a spectroscopic ellipsometer in the 1.5-4.5 eV photon energy range. The Kerr rotation reaches the maximum value of 0.5° in the x = 0.65 sample. The relationship between enhanced Kerr rotation and optical constants is discussed, and the concentration dependence of MOKE spectra is also investigated.     

EAST中性束注入控制系统设计

中性束注入(NBI)是磁约束核聚变装置等离子体加热和电流驱动的重要手段。依据东方超环(EAST)NBI实验运行特点,设计了基于网络通讯的集散式控制系统。NBI控制系统采用计算机网络技术,按照控制层次分为远程监控层、服务器控制层和现场控制层,三层控制结构易于系统功能扩展与设备升级。一条束线的两个离子源可以独立运行控制,这为EAST第二条束线控制扩展奠定基础。实验表明,NBI控制系统具备了远程监控、连锁保护和数据处理功能,满足了NBI实验运行的自动化和可视化的需求。     

NaOH浓度对Na0.44MnO2储钠性能的影响

我们通过球磨法及后续的高温焙烧合成出了短棒状的Na_0.44MnO₂,并研究了其作为碱性水溶液钠离子电池正极时,电解液NaOH浓度对其电化学性能的影响。结果表明,提高NaOH浓度有利于抑制嵌氢反应的发生并改善电极的循环性能和倍率性能,但同时也会造成析氧反应的提前触发,浓度过高时则又会降低其倍率性能。Na_0.44MnO₂在8 mol·L^?1 NaOH中表现出了最佳的电化学性能,0.5C(1C=121 mA·g^?1)的电流密度下,比容量达到79.2 mAh·g^?1,50C时,仍能释放出35.3 mAh·g^?1的比容量,在0.2–1.2 V(vs.NHE)的电压窗口内,500周后容量保持率64.3%。此外,我们也发现缩小电压窗口可以减少副反应、改善循环性能。Na_0.44MnO₂在浓碱电解液中也表现出了优异的耐过充能力。上述结果不仅表明通过优化电解液体系和测试条件可大大改善Na_0.44MnO₂的储钠性能,同时也证实了Na_0.44MnO₂作为一种水溶液钠离子电池正极材料,在大规模储能领域具有良好的应用前景。     

Long-range correlation analysis of urban traffic data

<正>This paper investigates urban traffic data by analysing the long-range correlation with detrended fluctuation analysis.Through a large number of real data collected by the travel time detection system in Beijing,the variation of flow in different time periods and intersections is studied.According to the long-range correlation in different time scales, it mainly discusses the effect of intersection location in road net,people activity customs and special traffic controls on urban traffic flow.As demonstrated by the obtained results,the urban traffic flow represents three-phase characters similar to highway traffic.Moreover,compared by the two groups of data obtained before and after the special traffic restrictions(vehicles with special numbered plates only run in a special workday) enforcement,it indicates that the rules not only reduce the flow but also avoid irregular fluctuation.     

中性束注入器离子源测试台可编程逻辑控制系统

 为实现对离子源测试台系统现场设备的实时监控,设计了一套基于现场总线（Profibus）通讯协议的可编程逻辑控制器（PLC）系统。根据综合测试台测控要求确定PLC系统硬件配置,组建单主站Profibus-DP网络实现高速分布式I/O系统。该系统实时监测现场设备状态并与中性束注入总控实时交换数据,协调控制现场设备按序稳定运行。全图形化的人机操作界面实现了系统运行的可视化操作,数据的实时存储和显示为物理操作人员提供了实验分析依据。整个系统控制稳定可靠,重复性好,兼容性及扩展能力强。