一种高离子电导率复合聚合物电解质的简易热处理制备

固态聚合物电解质是发展柔性全固态锂离子电池的核心,但是目前室温离子电导率低限制了其应用.本研究以热聚合方法制备石墨相氮化碳(g-C_3N_4),并将其与聚氧化乙烯/高氯酸锂(PEO/LiClO_4)共混制备复合聚合物固态电解质.采用X射线衍射(XRD)、傅里叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)、光学显微镜(OM)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、差示扫描量热仪(DSC)和电化学工作站对复合聚合物电解质膜进行表征.结果表明,通过120℃退火-淬冷热处理及复合聚合物电解质内部的相互作用,可以较大程度抑制PEO的结晶,从而使该复合聚合物固态电解质膜的离子电导率在25℃时达到2.4×10~(-5)S cm~(-1),提高了3个数量级.     

A 2D Lanthanide-organic Framework Based on Inorganic Lanthanum（Ⅲ） Sulfate Skeletons：Synthesis,Structure,and Luminescence and Thermal Properties

A new lanthanum coordination polymer formulated as {[La2(pyda) 2(μ4-SO4) ·5H2O]· 2H2O}n(1,H2pyda = 2,6-pyridine-dicarboxylic acid) has been synthesized from the reaction of H2pyda with lanthanide nitrate in the presence of sulfate as a counter anion. The compound was characterized by elemental analysis,IR spectroscopy and X-ray single-crystal diffraction. It crystallizes in the orthorhombic system,space group Pna21,with a = 18.8558(19) ,b = 6.5831(7) and c = 18.7543(19) . The compound is a 2D hybrid,in which the La(Ⅲ) ions were doubly connected by the carboxylic group of pyda2-ligand to form the La(Ⅲ) dimer followed by being grafted into 1D zig-zag chains which are further connected into a 2D network containing {[La(SO4) ]+}n helical chains. The interchain hydrogen bonding and π-π stacking interactions extended the 2D networks into a 3D supramolecular edifice.     

不同充放电模式影响还原氧化石墨烯电极储锂性能的实验分析

针对充放电模式对电极储锂性能的影响开展综合实验研究与机理分析.设计了4种充放电模式,进行不同充放电模式下还原氧化石墨烯电极的储锂性能实验,并从电极动态反应性能和应变两方面开展实验分析充放电模式对储锂时间和容量的影响机理.实验结果显示,不同充放电模式下电极储锂时间越短容量折损越多,综合数据分析指出电荷转移阻抗、扩散系数、过电位和应变均表现出了非线性和阶段性的特点.最后提出“大电流-小电流”模式为可行的充放电优化方案,利用电化学进程的非线性平衡了快充技术中时间和容量之间的矛盾,为快速充电技术的设计和优化提供了一定的指导.     

时滞速度反馈作用下弹性梁的主共振分析

采用时滞速度反馈控制策略对轴力作用下的弹性梁进行振动控制.根据Newton第二定律建立压电耦合弹性梁的非线性振动控制模型,运用直接法得到时滞反馈作用下弹性梁主共振的一阶近似解,得出系统响应与控制参数的关系.结果表明,主共振的响应存在多解和跳跃现象,调节控制增益和时滞值可以有效抑制大幅振动.     

含富勒烯结构单元酞菁的研究概况

通过不同的合成方法,将富勒烯嫁接到酞菁环的周边或轴向位置上,可以形成一类新型的具有特殊结构和性质的酞菁一富勒烯化合物.综述了具有代表性的含富勒烯结构单元的酞菁的合成及电化学、光致电子转移、分子聚集和自组装等方面的研究概况.     

Synthesis and Crystal Structure of a New Diamine Complex CuC14（H2tn）

In an attempt to synthesize a new pyrimidine complex of copper(H) in a solution reaction of CuBr2 with 2,2‘-bis(hexahydropydmidine) and hydro-chloric acid, we unexpectedly obtained a bright yellow chip-like crystal of CuCl4(H2tn) [H2tn=(H3NCH2CH2CH2NH3)^2 ]. Its structure was determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. The crystal belongs to orthorhombic system, space group Pnma, with cell parameters: a=0.7216(2)nm, b=1.8308(6)nm, c=0.7553(3)nm, V=0.9953(6)nm^3, Z=4, F(000)=564, Mr=281.49, Dc=1.879 g/cm^3. u(Mo Ka)=3.204 mm^-1, R1=0.0248, wR2=0.0575. The analysis of the crystal structure indicates that the complex has a three-dimensional network structure, which is formed by hydrogen bonds and electrostatic interaction.     

应用平衡稳定条件分析化学平衡的移动

化学平衡的移动规律是物理化学中重要的知识点之一。平衡稳定条件在经典热力学中占有重要的地位,但很少用于处理化学平衡问题。根据热力学原理,推导了简单的均匀隔离系统的平衡稳定条件,并将其用于分析温度和总压力对化学平衡移动的影响,结论为改变温度和总压力,使化学平衡朝着稳定平衡的方向移动。这种分析方法非常简单,也加深了我们对稳定平衡的理解。同时,也指出了该方法的局限性。     

酞菁镍-ZnO复合光催化剂的合成及其降解亚甲基蓝性能研究

采用水热法以25∶1,50∶1,100∶1和150∶1的掺杂比例,制备酞菁镍(NiPc)敏化半导体ZnO纳米粉末光催化剂,并用IR、UV、XRD及XPS等方法对NiPc-ZnO进行微观结构表征.研究了在可见光照射下,NiPc-ZnO对模拟染料废水中有机染料亚甲基蓝的降解性能.结果表明:NiPc能有效地扩展ZnO的可见光吸收范围,并提高其光催化性能,当酞菁镍掺杂比例为50∶1时,亚甲基蓝的降解率最高,达到53.7;,比纯ZnO提高了30.6;.     

HgI2晶体最低生长温度的确定

为确定HgI2晶体的最佳生长温度,根据邻位面生长的台阶动力学,推导出HgI2分子在(001)面扩散激活能ESD约为0.33 eV,进而采用物理气相沉积法的基本理论推算了不同升华温度T1下HgI2晶体生长的最低温度Tmin.结果表明,计算结果与实际晶体生长温度基本一致.该结果为HgI2单晶体、多晶薄膜、单晶薄膜沉积工艺的优化提供了依据.     

Synthesis and Crystal Structure of a New Diamine Complex CuCl_4(H_2tn)

Introduction During the past several decades, diamines and their derivatives have been extensively investigated in both basic research and their application. The result shows that they can form stable complexes with many transi-tion metals. These complexes would be widely applied in various fields such as biotechnology,1 synthesis,2 food processing industry,3 environmental science,4 biochemistry,5 etc. Especially, in recent years, more and more attention is placed on their other peculiarities.…