二氟亚烷基卡宾与甲醛环加成反应机理的理论研究

用二阶微扰理论研究单重态二氟亚烷基卡宾与甲醛发生的环加成反应机理,采用MP2/6-31G^*方法计算了势能面上各驻点的构型参数、振动频率和能量.结果表明,单重态二氟亚烷基卡宾与甲醛的环加成反应主要有两种反应通道,通道1中,两个反应物经a,b和c三条反应途径生成三元环构型的产物P1,其中途径c是主反应途径,该途径有两步组成:(Ⅰ)二氟亚烷基卡宾与甲醛生成了1个富能中间体(INT1c),是无势垒放热反应,放出能量为219.18kJ/mol;(Ⅱ)中间体(INT1c)异构化为产物二氟亚烷基环氧乙烷,其势垒为134.71kJ/mol.通道2的反应途径由三步组成:(Ⅰ)反应物首先生成了1个富能中间体(INT1b),为无势垒的放热反应,放出的能量142.77kJ/mol;(Ⅱ)中间体(INT1b)异构化成另一中间体(INT2),其势垒为22.31kJ/mol;(Ⅲ)中间体(INT2)异构化成四元环构型产物P2,其势垒为11.98kJ/mol.     

亚烷基锡烯与乙烯环加成反应机理的理论研究

The mechanism of a cycloaddition reaction between singlet alkylidenestannylene and ethylene has been investigated with MP2/3-21 G^* and B3LYP/3-21 G* methods, including geometry optimization and vibrational analysis for the involved stationary points on the potential energy surface. Energies for the involved conformations were calculated by CCSD(T)//MP2/3-2 IG^* and CCSD(T)//B3LYP/3-21G^* methods, respectively. The results show that the dominant reaction pathway of the cycloaddition is that an intermediate (INT) is firstly formed between the two reactants through a barrier-free exothermic reaction of 39.7 kJ/mol, and the intermediate then isomerizes to a four-membered ring product (P2.1) via a transition state TS2.1 with a barrier of 66.8 kJ/mol.     

密度泛函理论研究SiN与ClO反应的产物通道

利用量子化学从头算和密度泛函理论研究了SiN和ClO的反应机理。在B3LYP/6-311++G(d,p)水平上优化得到了反应势能面上各驻点的几何构型;通过频率分析和内禀反应坐标计算对过渡态与反应物和产物的连接关系进行确认。在CCSD(T)/cc-pVTZ水平上对各物种的能量进行校正,得到了反应势能面。计算结果表明,该反应体系存在单态和三态势能面,其中单态势能面上反应通道(1)和(2)是主反应通道,1P4为主产物。     

DFT研究SiN与ClO反应的产物通道

利用量子化学从头算和密度泛函理论(DFT)对SiN和ClO反应机理进行了理论研究.在B3LYP/6-311 G(d,p)水平上优化得到了反应势能面上各驻点的几何构型;通过频率分析和内禀反应坐标(IRC)计算对过渡态与反应物和产物的连接关系进行确认.在CCSD(T)/cc-pVTZ水平上对各物种的能量进行校正,得到了反应势能面.计算结果表明：该反应体系存在单态和三态势能面,其中单态势能面上反应通道(1)和(2)是主反应通道,P4为主产物.     

Theoretical Study on the Mechanism of the Cycloaddition Reaction between Alkylidene Carbene and Ethylene

The mechanism of cycloaddition reaction between singlet alkylidene carbene and ethylene has been investigated with second-order Moller-Plesset perturbation theory (MP2). By using 6-31 G^* basis, geometry optimization, vibrational analysis and energetics have been calculated for the involved stationary points on the potential energy surface. The results show that the title reaction has two major competition channels. An energy-rich intermediate (INT) is firstly formed between alkylidene carbene and ethylene through a barrier-free exothermic reaction of 63.62 kJ/mol, and the intermediate then isomerizes to a three-membered ring product (P 1) and a four-memberd ring product (P2) via transition state TS1 and TS2, in which energy barriers are 47.00 and 51.02 kJ/mol, respectively. P1 is the main product.     

亚烷基卡宾与丙烯环加成反应机理的理论研究

用二阶微扰理论研究了单重态亚烷基卡宾与丙烯环加成反应的机理，采用 MP2/6-31G~*方法计算了势能面上各驻点的构型参数、振动频率和能量。根据所得 势能面上的能量数据可以预言，反应（1）的a途径和反应（2）的b途径将是单重态 亚烷基卡宾与丙烯环加成反应的两条相互竞争的主反应通道，两反应途径均由两步 组成，(I)两反应物分别生成了富能中间体INT1a和INT2b，它们均是无势垒的放热 反应，放出的能量分别为60.28和26.33kJ·mol~(-1).(II)中间体INT1a和INT2b分 别通过过渡态TS1a和TS2b异构化为三元环产物P1和四元环产物P2，其势垒分别为 16.43和12.73kJ·mol~(-1)。     

亚甲基硅烯与乙烯环加成反应机理的理论研究

The mechanism of a cycloaddition reaction between singlet methylidenesilene and ethylene has been investigated with MP2/6-31G^＊ and B3LYP/6-31G^＊ methods, including geometry optimization and vibrational analysis for the involved stationary points on the potential energy surface. Energies of the involved conformers were calculated by CCSD（T）//MP2/6-31G＊ and CCSD（T）//B3LYP/6-31 G＊ methods, respectively. The results show that the dominant reaction pathway of the cycloaddition reaction is that a complex intermediate is firstly formed between the two reactants through a barrier-free exothermic reaction of 13.3 kJ/mol, and the complex is then isomefized to a four-membered ring product P2,1 via a transition state TS2.1 with a barrier of 32.0 kJ/mol.     

两种七氟醚自由基[(CF3)2C(·)OCH2F,(CF3)2CHOC(·)HF]与氧气反应及OH·再生机理的理论研究

温室气体七氟醚氧化降解可以产生两种反应活性截然不同的自由基，即（CF₃）₂C（·）OCH₂F与（CF₃）₂CHOC（·）HF.采用M06-2X/6-311++G（d，p）与CBS-Q理论方法研究了两种七氟醚自由基与氧气（O₂）反应的机理.与普通的烷基自由基+O₂的无垒复合反应不同，多氟取代的七氟醚自由基与O₂反应需经过1.3~1.8 kcal·mol^-1的势垒才能生成过氧自由基中间体RO₂·.虽然O₂更易于加成到富氟的自由基位点，但与贫氟自由基位点结合生成RO₂·放热更多，且随后的六中心氢迁移生成QOOH中间体需要克服更高的势垒.QOOH分解包括三种主要的OH·再生途径，即：分步解离、三体同步解离、四中心分子内S_N2反应.对于（CF₃）₂C（OC（·）HF）OOH，三条途径互为竞争；对于（CF₃）₂C（·）OC（HF）（OOH），分子内S_N2反应为OH·再生的主要途径，分步或三体同步解离则为次要机理.研究为阐明多氟取代基对大气中OH·循环的影响规律提供了理论依据.     

密度泛函理论研究SiC与C2H4反应的产物通道

在B3LYP/6-311++G(d,p)水平上研究了SiC与乙烯的单重态和三重态反应机理,优化得到了反应物、过渡态、中间体和产物的几何构型;通过振动分析对过渡态和中间体构型进行了确认。在CCSD(T)/cc-pVTZ水平上对计算得到的构型进行了能量校正。计算结果表明,SiC+C2H4反应在单重态和三重态条件下均可发生,其中单重态反应为主反应通道,1P5为主产物。