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建立了同时快速检测地下水中102种酸性、碱性和中性有机污染物的气相色谱-质谱(GC-MS)分析方法,所建方法涉及苯酚、苯胺、苯基醚、多氯萘、联苯等10类污染物。考察了酸性、碱性和中性有机污染物的同时提取条件,结果显示采用先中性、再酸性、后碱性三步液液萃取方式可以改善污染物的提取回收率,提高分析准确度和精密度。在优化条件下,除五氯苯酚外,101种目标物在各自的质量浓度范围内呈良好线性关系,相关系数(r)为0.995 0~0.999 9。地下水样品在低、中、高3个浓度水平的加标回收率分别为47.2%~126%、43.0%~117%、38.8%~120%,相对标准偏差(RSD,n = 7)分别为1.1%~27%、2.6%~33%、2.9%~30%,方法检出限为1.8~19.7 ng/L(五氯苯酚、邻苯二甲酸二异丁酯、邻苯二甲酸二丁酯、邻苯二甲酸二(2-乙基)己酯除外)。方法应用于山西、河南等部分典型污染场地的地下水样品筛查,检出苯酚、苯胺、多环芳烃及其衍生物等24种酸、碱和中性有机污染物,点位检出率达到46.7%,水质明显呈点源污染特征。该方法灵敏、准确、简单、快速,可实现多目标物同时检测,有助于地下水中有机污染物快速筛查。 相似文献
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Effective suppression of beta oscillation in Parkinsonian state via a noisy direct delayed feedback control scheme 下载免费PDF全文
This work explores the function of the noisy direct delayed feedback(NDDF)control strategy in suppressing the pathological oscillations in the basal ganglia(BG)with Parkinson’s disease(PD).Deep brain stimulation(DBS)alleviates the PD state fantastically.However,due to its unclear mechanism and open-loop characteristic,it is challenging to further improve its effects with lower energy expenditure.The noise stimulus performs competitively in alleviating the PD state theoretically,but it cannot adapt to the neural condition timely and automatically due to its open-loop control scheme.The direct delayed feedback(DDF)control strategy is able to disturb excessive synchronous effectively.Therefore,the NDDF control strategy is proposed and researched based on a BG computational model,which can reflect the intrinsic properties of the BG neurons and their connections with thalamic neurons.Simulation results show that the NDDF control strategy with optimal parameters is effective in removing the pathological beta oscillations.By comparison,we find the NDDF control strategy performs more excellent than DDF in alleviating PD state.Additionally,we define the multiple-NDDF control strategy and find that the multiple-NDDF with appropriate parameters performs better than NDDF.The obtained results contribute to the cure for PD symptoms by optimizing the noise-induced improvement of the BG dysfunction. 相似文献
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Parkinsonian oscillations and their suppression by closed-loop deep brain stimulation based on fuzzy concept 下载免费PDF全文
This paper provides an adaptive closed-loop strategy for suppressing the pathological oscillations of the basal ganglia based on a variable universe fuzzy algorithm. The pathological basal ganglia oscillations in the theta (4-9 Hz) and beta (12-35 Hz) frequency bands have been demonstrated to be associated with the tremor and rigidity/bradykinesia symptoms in Parkinson's disease (PD). Although the clinical application of open-loop deep brain stimulation (DBS) is effective, the stimulation waveform with the fixed parameters cannot be self-adjusted as the disease progresses, and thus the stimulation effects go poor. To deal with this difficult problem, a variable universe fuzzy closed-loop strategy is proposed to modulate different PD states. We establish a cortico-basal ganglia-thalamocortical network model to simulate pathological oscillations and test the control effect. The results suggest that the proposed closed-loop control strategy can accommodate the variation of brain states and symptoms, which may become an alternative method to administrate the symptoms in PD. 相似文献
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采用2-(4-三氟甲基苯基)吡啶(tfmppy)为主配体,分别以四(4-氟苯基)苯基膦酰亚胺(F-tpip)、四(4-甲氧基苯基)膦酰亚胺(MeO-tpip)和四(1-萘基)膦酰亚胺(tnin)为辅助配体合成了3个铱配合物((tfmppy)_2Ir(F-tpip)、(tfmppy)_2Ir(MeO-tpip)和(tfmppy)_2Ir(tnin))。其结构通过核磁氢谱、质谱、元素分析和单晶结构测定进行了验证。配合物(tfmppy)_2Ir(F-tpip)和(tfmppy)_2Ir(MeO-tpip)属于三方晶系P1空间群,配合物(tfmppy)_2Ir(tnin)属于三斜晶系R3c空间群。3个配合物都是绿光材料,具有类似的发光颜色和发光效率((tfmppy)_2Ir(F-tpip):λ_(em)=526 nm,Φ=0.52;(tfmppy)_2Ir(MeO-tpip):λ_(em)=523 nm,Φ=0.44;(tfmppy)_2Ir(tnin):λ_(em)=522 nm,Φ=0.48)。3个配合物的循环伏安曲线都显示出了良好的氧化还原性质。(tfmppy)_2Ir(F-tpip)、(tfmppy)_2Ir(MeO-tpip)和(tfmppy)_2Ir(tnin)的HOMO能级分别为-5.67、-6.08和-5.69 eV,其LUMO能级分别为-3.29、-3.61和-3.22 eV。 相似文献
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将Se固溶复合到链状小硫分子S2~4中,利用超微孔碳(UMC)的空间限域效应,在UMC中成功构建了链状SemSn(2≤m+n≤4)小分子,并用作锂硫(Li-S)电池正极材料。与链状S2~4小分子相比,改性后的SemSn(2≤m+n≤4)小分子电导率更高,锂化能更低,放电锂化过程更容易。所制得的UMC/SemSn(2≤m+n≤4)复合正极材料的放电过程为一步固相转化反应,从而有效抑制了活性物质的穿梭流失。与UMC/S2~4复合正极材料相比,UMC/SemSn(2≤m+n≤4)复合正极材料的电荷传递阻抗更小,放电比容量更高。因此,UMC/SemSn-40(2≤m+n≤4,wSeS2∶wUMC=4∶6)复合正极材料在0.1C时循环100次后,比容量依然保持有844 mAh·g-1;在0.5C下长时间循环500次时,每次循环容量损失仅约为0.07%,表现出优异的循环稳定性。 相似文献
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根据神经元的空间几何特征参数,研究神经元的空间形态分类方法,将神经元根据几何形态分类识别.首次提出利用模糊C均值算法(FCM)建立了模糊聚类分析模型,对所给的神经元样本进行了分类,这一模型用来对神经元进行分类比较合理,且计算结果准确.同时,还利用相关分析原理分析了不同动物神经系统中同一类神经元的形态特征有着很高的相似度. 相似文献
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对室内终端进行基于无线通信基站的三维定位时,由于无线电在传播过程中,存在建筑物或树木遮挡、反射、折射等物理现象,导致基站到终端传播时间的测量值与精确值之间存在误差.为了减少上述误差对定位精度的影响,运用无线定位原理建立了一种基于校正无线电传播时间的改进的室内三维定位模型.通过对2016年全国研究生数学建模问题C题所提供的不同场景的数据分析,发现基站与终端无线电传播时间的测量值与其精确值之间存在线性关系,而且同一场景下近似有相同的线性关系,场景不同线性关系一般不同.基于这一现象,对基本的定位模型进行了合理的修正形成了改进的定位模型,数值实验表明改进的定位模型有很好的定位精度和鲁棒性. 相似文献
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