FREQUENCY DEPENDENCE OF THE DIELECTRIC RELAXATION OF 1,2-POLYBUTADIENES

The dielectric loss factor and permittivity of a series of 1, 2-polybutadienes with different contents of 1, 2-units and different contents of syndiotactie 1, 2-units were determined over a frequency range from 30Hz to 100KHz at different temperatures. The WLF equation was evaluated for various samples with T_θat 100KHz as a reference temperature and the master curves of various samples have been constructed, which are in accordance with those calculated by Havriliak-Negami equation. The frequency dependence of the dielectric relaxation of 1, 2-polybutadienes was investigated over a frequency range from 10~0 Hz to 10~(12) ZHz in terms of the experimental data and the master curves.     

1,2-聚丁二烯介电松弛的复平面分析

本文对1,2-聚丁二烯的介电松弛进行了复平面分析.结果表明,在1,2-聚丁二烯的玻璃化转变过程中,ε″(ω)与ε＇(ω)的关系满足Havriliak-Negami方程.由复平面图求出了样品的静态和光频下的介电系数,平均松弛时间和松弛时间分布参数.利用所得数据讨论了1,2-聚丁二烯在玻璃化转变过程中的构象变化、松弛时间分布和平均偶极矩等问题.     

聚芳醚酮高温长时间下的断裂行为3．韧性－脆性断裂转变

研究了聚芳醚酮（ＰＥＫ－Ｃ）在２００℃下长时间放置过程中拉伸断裂行为的变化．通过应力－应变实验、断面形貌观察及去老化现象的研究证实，２００℃下长时间放置后的ＰＥＫ－Ｃ的拉伸断裂行为，发生韧性－脆性转变，发生这一转变的时间约在５８９小时左右．伴随１９９℃下的拉伸过程中出现的去老化现象，决定于材料发生剪切屈服形变的能力，与韧性－脆性断裂行为转变有着本质的联系．     

CARBON-13 NMR STUDY OF MOLECULAR MOTION OF 1, 2-POLYBUTADIENES IN SOLUTION Ⅰ. STRUCTURE DEPENDENCE OF MOLECULAR MOTIOM

Proton decoupled, partially relaxed, Fourier-transform 50.3 MHz carbon-13 NMR in naturalabundance was used to determine spin-lattice times (T_1) and nuclear Overhauser enhancement fac-tors (NOE) of individual carbon of a serics of 1,2-polybutadienes with different structures in solutionin CDCl_2 The structure dependence of molecular metion and the internal motion of vinyl group in1,2-polybutadiene have been studied by nT_1 and NOE values. The nT_1 values of the carbons in cis-1,4-units are the highest and those of the carbons in 1.2-units are the lowest in three types of units in1,2-polybutadiene. The nT_1 values of carbons in the same unit become greater when the adjacent1,2-units are replaced by 1,4-units, and nT_1 values of the carbons in all units decrease sharply withthe increase of content of 1,2-units in the polymers. The fact that nT_1 values of --CH=are larger than those of=CH_2 in vinyl group impliesthat there are complex internal motions of vinyl group. It is shown by calculation that the dominantfactor causing the difference in nT_1 of--CH=and=CH_2 in vinyl group is a swing of vinyl group ina plane peopndicular to the chain backbone.     

填料对丁腈共聚物T_g及抗张强度的影响

对丁腈共聚物(含丙烯腈40wt％左右)的T_g是有争议的。Boyer等认为有双玻璃化转变,也有人认为高温区的转变是液-液松弛T_(11)。本文通过研究填充的丁腈共聚物动态力学性质表明共聚物有双T_g,还讨论了填料石墨、二硫化钼和白炭黑的补强效果。 填充剂为胶体石墨粉、胶体二硫化钼粉剂和粒度为4微米的白炭黑。商品丁腈共聚物的丙烯腈含量约40wt％。丁腈同填料经开炼机上混匀回炼后,在160℃加压成型,退火。动态     

非交联组份对端乙烯基聚环氧丙烷/聚苯乙烯网状共聚物粘弹性的影响

本文描述了端乙烯基聚环氧丙烷/聚苯乙烯网状共聚物的合成及表征。研究了非交联组份对共聚物的玻璃化转变温度T_g,贮能模量E’、耗能模量E’和阻尼系数tanδ等动态力学性能的影响,计算了试样的粘弹性参数。结果表明,非交联组份对交联网有明显塑化作用,使其T_g降低,自由体积分数和阻尼系数增大。     

MORPHOLOGY OF POLYBUTADIENE “SHISH KEBABS”

Shish kebab structure of cis-1 , 4-polybutadiene has been obtained by quiescent solution crystallization at suitable temperature. The morphology and growth mechanism of formation of shish kebab structure have been studied in detail.The higher the molecular weight the faster the sample crystallizes.     

高聚物表征中凝胶色谱与自动粘度计的联用技术

就凝胶色谱(GPC)与自动粘度计联用技术而言,在实验上必须注意严格控制温度及避免粘度计器壁效应。在处理数据时应考虑浓度检测器和粮度计之间的连结管道死体积△V和虹吸管残留液的影响。另外如以(η_r-1)/C计算各级分的特性粘数时由于各级分的聚合物浓度不同将引进不同程度的误差。我们用一点法公式计算每级分粘度避免了这种误差。     

天然橡膠的粘-弹性质I.在中温时的本醴粘性流动

1.本實驗採用了Hoeppler平行板塑性計,按照定應力壓縮形變法的理論,在中温時對國產天然橡膠的本體粘性流動進行了流變學研究。 2.在30-90°與250-1500克/厘米～2的荷重範圍內,測定了貌似本體粘度η_a,內切模數G_i與貌似活化能ΔE_η。所測得的G_i=3.30×10～5達因/厘米～2與ΔE_η=12.7千卡/克分子,在一定温度範圍(50-90°)內爲不依賴於温度的常數。對所測天然橡膠估計所得的粘流鰱段長約30個碳原子。 3.從粘性流動的切變速率dγ/dt依賴於切應力σ的關係中,獲得了Eisenschitz早已衍導出的,但迄未在高聚物的本體粘性流動中獲得例證时非牛頓流動流公式。該式復以Saunder及Treloar的數據重加處理而證實之。 4.從切變速率對貌似本體粘度的影響上,檢驗了Debye-Bueche的理論式。現改用單位體積內彈性鍵段計算推遲時間,τ_1=2.84η_0·[J_e]∞,其中穩態彈性柔數[J_e]∞。係由彈性同復實驗測得。經如此處理後,該式在較低切變速率時筒能與實驗結果相符。 5.若以Eisenschitz式與Debye-Bueche式相結合,則亦可計得內切模數G_i,並藉知貌似本體粘度隨切變速率增高而降低的現象,乃係由於發生內切應變γ_i=σ/G_i之故。     

聚丙烯-聚乙烯嵌段共聚物的分子结构及性能的研究

本工作用核磁共振(~(13)C-NMR)、示差扫描量热(DSC)、动态力学分析(DMA)和扫描电子显微镜(SEM)等技术研究了将丙烯、乙烯单体两步分段共聚、预期为聚丙烯-聚乙烯嵌段共聚物的合成物(简称为聚丙烯-聚乙烯嵌段共聚物或嵌段共聚物)。结果表明,在嵌段共聚物中含有一定量的、能为正庚烷抽提出来的乙丙无规共聚物(EPR);分段共聚的产物并非预想的PP-b-PE两嵌段共聚物,而是含有多种组分的共混物;形态表征的结果表明了嵌段共聚物为多相体系,EPR和PE形成分散相以球形无规分布于PP基体中。