溃坝问题的间断有限元方法

本文研究90年代初提出的Runge-Kutta间断Galerkin有限元方法，给出该方法的精度分析，通过经典算例验证该方法处理间断问题、捕捉锐利波形的能力，并将其推广到求解浅水问题．针对坝底无摩擦，无坡度的理想情形进行讨论，给出方溃坝和圆溃坝问题的数值模拟结果．     

Simultaneous Measurement of Transverse Load and Temperature Using a single Long—Period Fibre Grating Element

A single long-period fibre grating (LPFG)element written by focused high-fraequency CO2 laser pulses is demonstrated for simultaneous measurement of transverse load and temperature.Temperature and transverse load can be directly measured by detecting the resonant wavelength shift and the resonant peak amplitude change of the LPFG,respectively,as there are two special circular orientations along the fibre axis where the resonant peak amplitude change of the LPFG has a linear relationship with the load applied and is insensitive to the resonant wavelength shift.Such a sensor could solve the cross-sensitivity problem between transverse load and temperature due to the unique feature of this type of LPFG,i.e. the wavelength-load-sensitivity of the LPFG strongly depends on loading orientations due to the non-uniform distribution of the refractive index on the cross-section of the LPFG caused by the thermal shock effect and other effects of the high-frequency CO2 laser pulses exposure method used.     

单光子探测器量子效率的绝对自身标定方法

提出一种单光子探测器量子效率的绝对自身标定方案，利用光参量下转换过程中产生的光子对在时间上的相关性，先将参量光束分为两路，然后引入相对延时，使同时产生的孪生光子先后进入单光子探测器，然后将探测器之后的电路分为三路，其中一路直接进入计数器得到探测器所探测到的光子的总计数率，另两路用电路方法引入和光路相当的相对延时，经符合电路后进入计数器，得到前后到达探测器的光子对之间的符合计数率.这样，从符合计数率与总光子计数率之比即可在不需要任何其他探测器或者参照标准的情况下获得探测器的量子效率.文中给出两种方案，分别适     

Emittance Measurements for Beams Extracted from LECR3 Ion Source

High quality ion beams are required by IMP cyclotron and atomic physics research, so it is important to research and measure beam emitt ance of ECR ion source. Intense beams extracted from ECR ion source usually have low energy, so it is suitable to use Electric-Sweep Scanner to measure the emittance. This kind of measurement is popularly used at ECR ion source, and it has some prominent merits such as high accuracy, very short time of data processing and easy expressing of the emittance pattern. So we designed and built this emittance scanner to measure emittance of the ion beams produced by LECR3 ion source. The structure of the ESS is shown in Fig.l, and the photo of the ESS is shown in Fig.2.     

美国国家标准与技术研究所简介

美国国家标准与技术研究所 (NIST)是国际上著名的两大参考物质供应单位之一。她的前身是美国国家标准局 (NBS) ,创建于 190 1年 ,迄今已有10 1年历史。总部设在Madison州Gaithersburg市 ,分部设在Colorado州Boulder市。该所隶属于美国商务部。该所的宗旨是与工业界携手合作 ,发展和应用测量、标准与技术 ,以推动美国经济日益壮大 ,为贯彻这一宗旨 ,在新千年来临之际制订并实施下述计划 :①测量与标准实验所计划 ;②先进技术计划 ,其任务是帮助填补先进基础研究与其产业化之间的缺口 ,以开发高风险而具有广阔商业前景的新技术 ;③延伸制…     

同轴双无衍射光的理论与实验

提出同轴双无衍射光的概念。如果两束汇聚角略有不同的同轴无衍射光同时存在，则它们相互之间叠加干涉后产生一种纵向呈周期变化的光场结构，这是一种新的光束空间分布，这种光束在横向仍是一种同心环光斑，可用于精密对准。而在不同纵向位置，这些同心环的强度分布是不同的，且是周期性变化的。同轴双无衍射光的轴向周期性可用于沿光束传播方向的定位。文中提出了双环缝法、分段圆锥透镜法、正弦相位环光栅法等实现同轴双无衍射光的理论与实验方法，分析了同轴双无衍射光的横向与纵向传播的衍射光斑特性，理论计算与实验测量的结果基本相符合。     

Lower Hearing Threshold by Noise

We demonstrate that noise can be a benefit factor that enables us to hear weaker signals. We measured the hearing thresholds of subjects for pure tone in different noise levels. The results show that pure tone thresholds with noise of some levels are lower than that without noise. The largest down-shift of the threshold by noise among the examined subjects is 5.7 dB, and the smallest is 1.7 dB.     

谈山脉隆起的极限高度

自从2005年我国地质部门发布了对珠穆郎玛峰的最新测量高度为8844.43米之后,在一些期刊上相继见到有关于从地质力学角度讨论山到底可能"长"到多高的文章,并有断言:9000米是山的极限高度.笔者读后对其核心论述初觉不妥,既而经查阅资料后再研究,形成了颇不同的观点.     

Ag-Bi高温超导线材转变温度的测量

介绍了 Bi系银包套高温超导线材的电阻温度特性 ,用测电阻和电磁感应两种方法分别测量了材料的超导转变温度 ,电磁感应法测量曲线上台阶的出现表明材料中 Bi(2 2 2 3)和 Bi(2 2 12 )两相的存在。